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International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility

作者： Christopher Maracchion Richard Loe Onur Ozdemir Andrew L. Drozd ANDRO Computational Solutions LLC

ISBN: (纸本)9781467307185

We consider the problem of dynamic frequency management in a military mobile communications network focusing on the case where maneuvers of mobile units deviate from pre-mission plans;The dynamic frequency management problem is NP-hard which motivates the development of suboptimal algorithms that provide good solutions and are yet computationally efficient. We propose two algorithms that utilize dynamic graph coloring techniques to manage frequency assignments in a dynamic manner. Our algorithms address four conflicting objectives: (1) eliminate interference in real-time, (2) minimize the number of frequency reassignments required, (3) minimize the total number of frequency bands required at any time, and (4) maximize computational efficiency. The first algorithm is a rule-based myopic algorithm whereas the second algorithm is a non-myopic (look-ahead) algorithm that uses information on predicted network state. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms combined with different initialization schemes provide excellent solutions that offer various system tradeoffs in terms of the aforementioned objectives for the network system manager.

关键词： Graph coloring Dynamic graph coloring rule-based algorithm Spectrum management Frequency assignment

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Comparative study on classifying human activities with miniature inertial and magnetic sensors

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PATTERN RECOGNITION 2010年第10期43卷 3605-3620页

作者： Altun, Kerem Barshan, Billur Tuncel, Orkun Bilkent Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-06800 Ankara Turkey

This paper provides a comparative study on the different techniques of classifying human activities that are performed using body-worn miniature inertial and magnetic sensors. The classification techniques implemented and compared in this study are: Bayesian decision making (BDM), a rule-based algorithm (RBA) or decision tree, the least-squares method (LSM), the k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN), dynamic time warping (DTW), support vector machines (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANN). Human activities are classified using five sensor units worn on the chest, the arms, and the legs. Each sensor unit comprises a tri-axial gyroscope, a tri-axial accelerometer, and a tri-axial magnetometer. A feature set extracted from the raw sensor data using principal component analysis (PCA) is used in the classification process. A performance comparison of the classification techniques is provided in terms of their correct differentiation rates, confusion matrices, and computational cost, as well as their preprocessing, training, and storage requirements. Three different cross-validation techniques are employed to validate the classifiers. The results indicate that in general, BDM results in the highest correct classification rate with relatively small computational cost. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inertial sensors Gyroscope Accelerometer Magnetometer Activity recognition and classification Feature extraction Feature reduction Bayesian decision making rule-based algorithm Decision tree Least-squares method k-Nearest neighbor Dynamic time warping Support vector machines Artificial neural networks

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Ontology-guided extraction of structured information from unstructured text: Identifying and capturing complex relationships

Ontology-guided extraction of structured information from un...

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作者： Pandit, Sushain Iowa State University

学位级别：M.S.

Many applications call for methods to enable automatic extraction of structured information from unstructured natural language text. Due to the inherent challenges of natural language processing, most of the existing methods for information extraction from text tend to be domain specific. This thesis explores a modular ontology-based approach to information extraction that decouples domain-specific knowledge from the rules used for information extraction. Specifically, the thesis describes: (1) A framework for ontology-driven extraction of a subset of nested complex relationships (e.g., Joe reports that Jim is a reliable employee) from free text. The extracted relationships are semantically represented in the form of RDF (resource description framework) graphs, which can be stored in RDF knowledge bases and queried using query languages for RDF. (2) An open source implementation of SEMANTIXS, a system for ontology-guided extraction and semantic representation of structured information from unstructured text. (3) Results of experiments that offer some evidence of the utility of the proposed ontology-based approach to extract complex relationships from text.

关键词： information extraction ontology RDF relationship extraction rule-based algorithm semantixs Computer Sciences

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QUR'ANIC WORDS STEMMING

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ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2010年第2C期35卷 37-49页

作者： Yusof, Raja Jamilah Raja Zainuddin, Roziati Baba, Mohd Sapiyan Yusoff, Zulkifli Mohd Univ Malaya Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia Univ Malaya Acad Islamic Studies Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia

Arabic words are known to have complex morphological structure. The different structures produce various word patterns or derivatives from a root word. This paper attempts to identify various word patterns that originate from a root word. These word patterns are compared to the words in the 30th part of the Qur'an. Nine stemming test cases were outlined for words in the 30(th) part of the Qur'an. Analysis showed that stemming nouns and particles leads to a lower percentage error compared to stemming the 10 alphabets that can be added as affixes in a root word. A rule-based stemming engine (RSE) was also implemented and the stemming accuracy achieved was 62.5% and the average time taken to stem 1000 word tokens was 11.7ms. The accuracy of the results was comparable to other stemming engines such as the Khoja stemmer, Buckwalter Morphological Analyzer (BAMA), Tri-literal Root Extraction (TRE) algorithm, and Voting algorithm.

关键词： Arabic stemming Qur'an rule-based algorithm Arabic word morphology

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Classifying Human Leg Motions with Uniaxial Piezoelectric Gyroscopes

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SENSORS 2009年第11期9卷 8508-8546页

作者： Tuncel, Orkun Altun, Kerem Barshan, Billur Bilkent Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-06800 Ankara Turkey

This paper provides a comparative study on the different techniques of classifying human leg motions that are performed using two low-cost uniaxial piezoelectric gyroscopes worn on the leg. A number of feature sets, extracted from the raw inertial sensor data in different ways, are used in the classification process. The classification techniques implemented and compared in this study are: Bayesian decision making (BDM), a rule-based algorithm (RBA) or decision tree, least-squares method (LSM), k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN), dynamic time warping (DTW), support vector machines (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANN). A performance comparison of these classification techniques is provided in terms of their correct differentiation rates, confusion matrices, computational cost, and training and storage requirements. Three different cross-validation techniques are employed to validate the classifiers. The results indicate that BDM, in general, results in the highest correct classification rate with relatively small computational cost.

关键词： gyroscope inertial sensors motion classification Bayesian decision making rule-based algorithm least-squares method k-nearest neighbor dynamic time warping support vector machines artificial neural networks

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Automatic generation of car shunting scheduling in railway car depots

Automatic generation of car shunting scheduling in railway c...

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11th International Conference on Computer System Design and Operation in the Railway and other Transit Systems

作者： Nagasaki, Y. Takahashi, S. Mitsubishi Elect Adv Technol R&D Ctr Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781845641269

A train schedule defines each train's arrival/departure time at a car depot. Between the arrival and departure times, every train has to have its designated works, such as inspection and cleaning of the cars, completed, which are predefined by a car operation schedule. The planner of car shuntings at a car depot must create a schedule that satisfies the above-mentioned conditions, while also taking care of other constraints, such as work places, length of tracks, crossover blockings of shunting routes, and workers' schedules. In this article, we describe a system that automatically generates car shunting schedules. First, the initial solution phase roughly produces the order of the shuntings and works, the places where the works are to be conducted, and the routes of the shuntings by using a rule-based algorithm. In the second phase, the schedule is modelled by using the Programming Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) to detect any condition violations and applied to the other rule-based algorithm to resolve these violations. This system changes the schedule by using different methods, such as changing a track to hold, changing a route to shunt, and swapping the order of works. Depending on the conditions of the violations, the system searches for the appropriate method to resolve theses violations step by step. The degree of the condition violations is evaluated by using the total amount of the delay of train departures. We also present the search results that are generated by the system in this paper.

关键词： depot shunting scheduling PERT rule-based algorithm

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The ERA-EDTA cohort study - comparison of methods to predict survival on renal replacement therapy

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NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION 2006年第4期21卷 945-956页

作者： Geddes, CC van Dijk, PCW McArthur, S Metcalfe, W Jager, KJ Zwinderman, AH Mooney, M Fox, JG Simpson, K Univ Glasgow Western Infirm Renal Unit Glasgow G11 6NT Lanark Scotland Glasgow Royal Infirm Renal Unit Glasgow G4 0SF Lanark Scotland Univ Strathclyde Dept Engn Glasgow Lanark Scotland Royal Infirm Edinburgh NHS Trust Renal Unit Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland Univ Amsterdam Acad Med Ctr ERA EDTA Registry Dept Med Informat NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Amsterdam Acad Med Ctr Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam Netherlands

Background. Accurate prediction of patient survival from the time of starting renal replacement therapy (RRT) is desirable, but previously published predictive models have low accuracy. We have attempted to overcome limitations of previous studies by conducting an ambidirectional inception cohort study in patients on RRT from centres throughout Europe. A conventional multivariate regression (MVR) model, a self-learning rule-based model (RBM) and a simple co-morbidity score [the Charlson score modified for renal disease (MCS)] were compared. Methods. In 1996, all 3640 dialysis centres registered with the ERA-EDTA were invited to identify all patients on RRT for end-stage renal failure (ESRF) who died during the 28 days of February 1997 (training cohort) and all patients who started RRT in the same period (validation cohort). Fifty-four clinical and laboratory variables from the time of starting RRT were collected in both cohorts using a two-page questionnaire. The data from the training cohort were given to statisticians at the Amsterdam Academic Medical Centre to create the MVR model and to engineers in Strathclyde University to create the RBM. They were then given the baseline data from patients in the validation cohort to predict how long each patient would survive. Follow-up questionnaires were sent to the centre of each patient in the validation cohort to determine actual survival. Results. A total of 2310 patients from 793 centres in 37 countries in the ERA-EDTA area were used to construct and validate the models. For predicting 1-year survival, the RBM had the highest positive predictive value (PPV) (84.2%), the MVR model had the highest negative predictive value (NPV) (47%) and the RBM had the highest likelihood ratio (1.59). For predicting 5-year survival, the MCS had the highest PPV (79.4%), the RBM had the highest NPV (74.3%) and the MCS had the highest likelihood ratio (7.0). The proportion of explained variance in survival for MCS, MVR and RBM was 14.6,

关键词： Charlson score cohort study Cox model patient survival renal replacement therapy rule-based algorithm

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A visual, hierarchical approach to implementing rule-based algorithms in classification of discrete, homogenous objects

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DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS 2004年第1期38卷 81-89页

作者： Richards, RM Belmont Univ Coll Business Adm Nashville TN 37212 USA

This research examines the graphical approach to implementing an expert system instead of the programming approach of the traditional "if then/else" construct. The rule base and knowledge base are built into the graphical model and only observation on the part of the user is needed for effective discrimination among choices. The application model is designed around a relational database management system with the user interface generated in Visual Basic and a rule base implemented through a hierarchy of mutually exclusive options presented to the user based on choices made as the user progresses through the various decision levels. Decision factors are based on observation of the discriminatory aspects of the objects to be classified as exhibited by the objects and maintained in the knowledge base. Human control is established through explanation and real-time recording and tracking of all choices made for any object under consideration. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： decision support systems expert systems graphical interface rule-based algorithm knowledge base database visual programming usability control

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Automated labeling in document images

Automated labeling in document images

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8th Annual Document Recognition and Retrieval Conference

作者： Kim, J Le, DX Thoma, GR Natl Lib Med Bethesda MD 20894 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819439851

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) is developing an automated system to produce bibliographic records for its MEDLINE (R) database. This system, named Medical Article Record System (MARS), employs document image analysis and understanding techniques and optical character recognition (OCR). This paper describes a key module in MARS called the Automated Labeling (AL) module, which labels all zones of interest (title, author, affiliation, and abstract) automatically. The AL algorithm is based on 120 rules that are derived from an analysis of journal page layouts and features extracted from OCR output. Experiments carried out on more than 11,000 articles in over 1,000 biomedical journals show the accuracy of this rule-based algorithm to exceed 96%.

关键词： OCR automated data entry automated zoning automated labeling rule-based algorithm MARS NLM

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rule-based approach to load transfer to alternate supplies based on the phase of the residual voltage on the disconnected busbar

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 1996年第5期143卷 467-473页

作者： Shih, CF Yeh, SN Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan Institute of Technology Taipei Republic of China

Transfer techniques and a rule-based approach to an in-phase load transfer scheme for secondary selective substations are developed. The transfer scheme, with its developed transfer techniques and rule based algorithm, integrates into a microcontroller-based in-phase transfer controller to maintain the continuity of power supply to process loads. The rule sets initiating conditions, blocking transfer criteria, load shedding schedules and possible events. It provides a safe and successful bus transfer system. Operations of the load transfer scheme with simulated load conditions have been tested through the in-phase transfer controller. The results of computer simulation and test measurements show that the load transfer operation is performed successfully. The inrush current, transient torque and service reliability can also be improved by using this transfer scheme.

关键词： in-phase transfer rule-based algorithm secondary selective substation

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