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Context-Oriented Behavioral programming

INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2021年 133卷 106504-106504页

作者： Elyasaf, Achiya Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Software & Informat Syst Engn Beer Sheva Israel

Context: Modern systems require programmers to develop code that dynamically adapts to different contexts, leading to the evolution of new context-oriented programming languages. These languages introduce new software-engineering challenges, such as: how to maintain the separation of concerns of the codebase? how to model the changing behaviors? how to verify the system behavior? and more. Objective: This paper introduces Context-Oriented Behavioral programming (COBP) - a novel paradigm for developing context-aware systems, centered on natural and incremental specification of context-dependent behaviors. As the name suggests, we combine behavioral-programming (BP) - a scenario-based modeling paradigm - with context idioms that explicitly specify when scenarios are relevant and what information they need. The core idea is to connect the behavioral model with a data model that represents the context, allowing an intuitive connection between the models via update and select queries. Combining behavioral-programming with context-oriented programming brings the best of the two worlds, solving issues that arise when using each of the approaches in separation. Methods: We begin with providing abstract semantics for COBP and two implementations for the semantics, laying the foundations for applying reasoning algorithms to context-aware behavioral programs. Next, we exemplify the semantics with formal specifications of systems, including a variant of Conway's Game of Life. Then, we provide two case studies of real-life context-aware systems (one in robotics and another in IoT) that were developed using this tool. Throughout the examples and case studies, we provide design patterns and a methodology for coping with the above challenges. Results: The case studies show that the proposed approach is applicable for developing real-life systems, and presents measurable advantages over the alternatives - behavioral programming alone and context-oriented programming alone. Conclusio

关键词： Behavioral programming scenario-based programming programming paradigm Context awareness Context-oriented programming Context-Oriented Behavioral programming

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L2C2: Logic-based LSC Consistency Checking

L2C2: Logic-based LSC Consistency Checking

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11th International ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Declarative programming (PPDP 09)

作者： Guo, Hai-Feng Zheng, Wen Subramaniam, Mahadevan Univ Nebraska Dept Comp Sci Omaha NE 68182 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605585680

Live sequence charts (LSCs) have been proposed as an inter-object scenario-based specification and visual programming language for reactive systems. In this paper, we introduce a logic-based framework to check the consistency of an LSC specification. An LSC simulator has been implemented in logic programming, utilizing a memoized depth-first search strategy, to show how a reactive system in LSCs would response to a set of external event sequences. A formal notation is defined to specify external event sequences, extending the regular expression with a parallel operator and a testing control. The parallel operator allows interleaved parallel external events to be tested in LSCs simultaneously;while the testing control provides users to a new approach to specify and test certain temporal properties (e.g., CTL formula) in a form of LSC. Our framework further provides either a state transition graph or a failure trace to justify the consistency checking results.

关键词： live sequence chart (LSC) scenario-based programming PLAY-tree logic programming memoization

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On Visualization and Comprehension of scenario-based Programs

On Visualization and Comprehension of Scenario-Based Program...

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IEEE 19th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC)

作者： Eitan, Nir Gordon, Michal Harel, David Marron, Assaf Weiss, Gera Weizmann Inst Sci Dept Comp Sci & Appl Math IL-76100 Rehovot Israel Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Comp Sci IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543987

We address the problem of comprehending cause and effect relationships between relatively independent behavior components of a single application. Our focus is on the paradigm of behavioral, scenario-based, programming, as captured by the language of live sequence charts (LSC) or its Java-based counterpart, BPJ. In this programming paradigm, multi-modal behaviors can be specified separately, and are integrated only at run time. We present a tool, with which the user can easily follow the decisions of the collective execution mechanism. It shows the behaviors and events that were executed at each point in time, and those that were delayed or abandoned, as well as the causes and reasons behind these run-time choices. The dynamic effects of such decisions on the system's behavior can be seen easily too.

关键词： trace visualization behavioral programming scenario-based programming BPJ

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Executing scenario-based Specification with Dynamic Generation of Rich Events 1

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7th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development (MODELSWARD)

作者： Harel, David Katz, Guy Marron, Assaf Sadon, Aviran Weiss, Gera Weizmann Inst Sci Rehovot Israel Hebrew Univ Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Ben Gurion Univ Negev Beer Sheva Israel

ISBN: (数字)9783030378738

ISBN: (纸本)9783030378738;9783030378721

scenario-based programming (SBP) is an approach to modeling and running complex, event-based, system behavior by composing narrower views of overall behavior. In this paper we introduce significant extensions to the strict interfaces by which scenarios in existing SBP frameworks specify what the system must, may, or must not do, and to the mechanisms that execute these scenarios: (i) we allow events with a multitude of variables and parameters;each event can become an entire model, and each event selection can be the selection of a major section of the new state of the system and the environment;(ii) we extend the basic request/block SBP interfaces with a rich set of composable constraints and functions, which can describe desired and undesired variable assignments, where each constraint may relate to all variables or to just a subset thereof;(iii) we introduce a central, application-agnostic mechanism for adding optimization to standard event selection;and (iv) we relate our method to Null-Space Behavior (NSB)-a successful compositional approach in control theory. We demonstrate these language-independent concepts through several use cases that are implemented in a variety of languages and solvers.

关键词： scenario-based programming Behavioral programming Constraint solvers SMT solvers NSB Mathematica MATLAB-Simulink Z3 Python

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Towards Systematic and Automatic Handling of Execution Traces Associated with scenario-based Models 6

Towards Systematic and Automatic Handling of Execution Trace...

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6th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development (MODELSWARD)

作者： Greenyer, Joel Gritzner, Daniel Harel, David Marron, Assaf Leibniz Univ Hannover Hannover Germany Weizmann Inst Sci Rehovot Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9789897582837

scenario-based specification approaches offer system engineering advantages with their intuitiveness, executability, and amenability to formal verification and synthesis. However, many engineering tasks such as debugging or maintenance are still far from trivial even when using such specifications. Specifically, it is hard to find out why a complex system behaves as it does, or how it would behave under certain conditions. Here, we present work in progress towards the (semi-)automatic analysis of event traces emanating from simulation runs and actual executions. These traces may be large, yet developers are often interested only in specific properties thereof, like is any specification property violated? are particular properties demonstrated? is there a smaller sub-sequence of events that violates or demonstrates the same properties? which trace properties are common to multiple traces and which are unique? etc. Our approach includes automatic techniques for discovering and distilling relevant properties of traces, analyzing properties of sets of traces, using (sets of) execution traces for understanding specified and actual system behavior and problems therein, planning system enhancement and repair, and more. Our work leverages and extends existing work on trace summarization, formal methods for model analysis, specification mining from execution traces, and others, in the context of scenario-based specifications. A key guiding perspective for this research is that interesting properties of a trace often can be associated with one or very few concise scenarios, depicting desired or forbidden behavior, which are already in the specification, or should be added to it.

关键词： Software Engineering System Engineering scenario-based programming Behavioral programming Abstraction Debugging Program Repair Execution Trace Event Log

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On-the-Fly Construction of Composite Events in scenario-based Modeling using Constraint Solvers 7th

On-the-Fly Construction of Composite Events in Scenario-Base...

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7th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development (MODELSWARD)

作者： Katz, Guy Marron, Assaf Sadon, Aviran Weiss, Gera Hebrew Univ Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Weizmann Inst Sci Rehovot Israel Ben Gurion Univ Negev Beer Sheva Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9789897583582

scenario-based programming is a methodology for modeling and constructing complex reactive systems from simple, stand-alone building blocks, called scenarios. These scenarios are designed to model different traits of the system, and can be interwoven together and executed to produce cohesive system behavior. Existing execution frameworks for scenario-based programs allow scenarios to specify their view of what the system must, may, or must not do only through very strict interfaces. This limits the methodology's expressive power and often prevents users from modeling certain complex requirements. Here, we propose to extend scenario-based programming's execution mechanism to allow scenarios to specify how the system should behave using rich logical constraints. We then leverage modern constraint solvers (such as SAT or SMT solvers) to resolve these constraints at every step of running the system, towards yielding the desired overall system behavior. We provide an implementation of our approach and demonstrate its applicability to various systems that could not be easily modeled in an executable manner by existing scenario-based approaches.

关键词： scenario-based programming Behavioral programming Constraint Solvers SMT Solvers

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A Compiler for Multimodal scenarios: Transforming LSCs into AspectJ

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY 2011年第4期20卷 18-18页

作者： Maoz, Shahar Harel, David Kleinbort, Asaf Weizmann Inst Sci IL-76100 Rehovot Israel

We exploit the main similarity between the aspect-oriented programming paradigm and the inter-object, scenario-based approach to specification, in order to construct a new way of executing systems based on the latter. Specifically, we transform multimodal scenario-based specifications, given in the visual language of live sequence charts (LSC), into what we call scenario aspects, implemented in AspectJ. Unlike synthesis approaches, which attempt to take the inter-object scenarios and construct intra-object state-based per-object specifications or a single controller automaton, we follow the ideas behind the LSC play-out algorithm to coordinate the simultaneous monitoring and direct execution of the specified scenarios. Thus, the structure of the specification is reflected in the structure of the generated code;the high-level inter-object requirements and their structure are not lost in the translation. The transformation/compilation scheme is fully implemented in a UML2-compliant tool we term the S2A compiler (for scenarios to Aspects), which provides full code generation of reactive behavior from inter-object multimodal scenarios. S2A supports advanced scenario-based programming features, such as multiple instances and exact and symbolic parameters. We demonstrate our work with an application whose inter-object behaviors are specified using LSCs. We discuss advantages and challenges of the compilation scheme in the context of the more general vision of scenario-based programming.

关键词： Design Languages Aspect oriented programming code generation inter-object approach live sequence charts scenario-based programming scenarios UML sequence diagrams visual formalisms

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A scenario-based robust possibilistic model for a multi-objective electronic reverse logistics network

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION ECONOMICS 2020年 224卷 107557-107557页

作者： Tosarkani, Babak Mohamadpour Amin, Saman Hassanzadeh Zolfagharinia, Hossein Ryerson Univ Dept Mech & Ind Engn Toronto ON Canada Ryerson Univ Ted Rogers Sch Management 575 Bay St Toronto ON Canada Cape Breton Univ Shannon Sch Business Sydney NS Canada

Electronic reverse logistics topic has received growing attention because of its environmental and economic impact. In Canada, the province of Ontario has enacted regulations regarding the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Recycling program. The objective of this study is to develop a novel scenario-based robust possibilistic approach to optimize and configure an electronic reverse logistics network by considering the uncertainty associated with fixed and variable costs, the quantity of demand and return, and the quality of returned products. A Monte Carlo simulation is utilized to analyze the performance of our proposed model. Then, ANOVA test is conducted to statistically verify our model using the simulation results. The mathematical model is extended to the multi-objective optimization by maximising the environmental compliance of the third parties. The efficient solutions of the multi-objective model are computed using the two-phase fuzzy compromise approach. To provide a comprehensive assessment of the problem under investigation, we provide sensitivity analyses on the impact of different factors (e.g., recovery rates, capacity of facilities) on the total expected profit. Several interesting results were obtained, including the fact that increasing the capacity of facilities does not automatically translate into higher profits. Furthermore, by comparing the efficient solutions of deterministic and robust modes, we illustrate the impact of robustness price on the multi-objective model. The application of the proposed model is illustrated using a network in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) in Canada.

关键词： Electronic reverse logistics Third party selection Robust possibilistic optimization scenario-based programming Multi-objective programming

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