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A comparative study of programming languages for next-generation astrodynamics systems

CEAS SPACE JOURNAL 2018年第1期10卷 115-123页

作者： Eichhorn, Helge Cano, Juan Luis McLean, Frazer Anderl, Reiner Tech Univ Darmstadt Dept Comp Integrated Design DiK Darmstadt Germany Telespazio VEGA Deutschland GmbH Darmstadt Germany Univ Politecn Madrid Madrid Spain CS GmbH Darmstadt Germany

Due to the computationally intensive nature of astrodynamics tasks, astrodynamicists have relied on compiled programming languages such as Fortran for the development of astrodynamics software. Interpreted languages such as Python, on the other hand, offer higher flexibility and development speed thereby increasing the productivity of the programmer. While interpreted languages are generally slower than compiled languages, recent developments such as just-in-time (JIT) compilers or transpilers have been able to close this speed gap significantly. Another important factor for the usefulness of a programming language is its wider ecosystem which consists of the available open-source packages and development tools such as integrated development environments or debuggers. This study compares three compiled languages and three interpreted languages, which were selected based on their popularity within the scientific programming community and technical merit. The three compiled candidate languages are Fortran, C++, and Java. Python, Matlab, and Julia were selected as the interpreted candidate languages. All six languages are assessed and compared to each other based on their features, performance, and ease-of-use through the implementation of idiomatic solutions to classical astrodynamics problems. We show that compiled languages still provide the best performance for astrodynamics applications, but JIT-compiled dynamic languages have reached a competitive level of speed and offer an attractive compromise between numerical performance and programmer productivity.

关键词： scientific programming Computational astrodynamics Open-source software

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Pythran: Crossing the Python Frontier

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COMPUTING IN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2018年第2期20卷 83-89页

作者： Guelton, Serge Inst Mines Telecom Bretagne Plouzane France

Use of the Python language in scientific computing has always been characterized by the coexistence of interpreted Python code and compiled native code, written in languages like C or Fortran. This column takes a fresh look at the problem and introduces Pythran, a new optimization tool designed to efficiently handle unmodified Python code.

关键词： FORTRAN Object Oriented programming Program Compilers Program Interpreters Pythran Unmodified Python Code Python Language scientific Computing Interpreted Python Code Compiled Native Code Optimization C Languages programming scientific Computing Program Processors scientific programming scientific Computing Pythran Python Coding

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Domain-Specific Languages in scientific Computing

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COMPUTING IN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2018年第1期20卷 88-92页

作者： Hinsen, Konrad Ctr Biophys Mol Orleans France

If you have been following developments in software engineering in recent years, you have probably noticed that the term "DSL" (domain-specific language) has become a minor buzzword in that field. You may have concluded that this is a hot new idea that is certainly not ready for application in real life. But, as I will show in this article, computational scientists (and others) have been using DSLs for decades. What is new is not DSLs per se, but the name and the attention given to them.

关键词： Natural Sciences Computing Software Engineering Specification Languages Computational Scientists DSL Software Engineering scientific Computing Domain Specific Languages Syntactics Data Structures Libraries programming Software Engineering Formal Languages DSL scientific programming Software Engineering Domain Specific Language

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Modern Fortran Explained: Incorporating Fortran 2018 5

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丛书名： Numerical mathematics and scientific computation

2018年

作者： Michael Metcalf John Reid Malcolm Cohen

ISBN: (数字)9780191850028

ISBN: (纸本)9780198811893

Fortran marches on, remaining one of the principal programming languages used in high-performance scientific, numerical, and engineering computing. A series of significant revisions to the standard versions of the language have progressively enhanced its capabilities, and the latest standard—Fortran 2018—includes many additions and improvements. This second edition of Modern Fortran Explained expands on the first. Given the release of updated versions of Fortran compilers, the separate descriptions of Fortran 2003 and Fortran 2008 have been incorporated into the main text, which thereby becomes a unified description of the full Fortran 2008 version of the language. This is much cleaner, many deficiencies and irregularities in the earlier language versions having been resolved. It includes object orientation and parallel processing with coarrays. Four completely new chapters describe the additional features of Fortran 2018, with its enhancements to coarrays for parallel programming, interoperability with C, IEEE arithmetic, and various other improvements. Written by leading experts in the field, two of whom have actively contributed to Fortran 2018, this is a complete and authoritative description of Fortran in its latest form. It is intended for new and existing users of the language, and for all those involved in scientific and numerical computing. It is suitable as a textbook for teaching and, with its index, as a handy reference for practitioners.

关键词： Fortran 2008 Fortran 2018 C interoperability parallel programming object-oriented programming scientific programming engineering computing numerical computing Fortran 2008 Fortran 2018 C interoperability parallel programming object-oriented programming scientific programming engineering computing numerical computing

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The Next 700 Unit of Measurement Checkers 11

The Next 700 Unit of Measurement Checkers

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11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering (SLE) part of SPLASH Conference

作者： Bennich-Bjorkman, Oscar McKeever, Steve Uppsala Univ Dept Informat & Media Uppsala Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781450360296

In scientific applications, physical quantities and units of measurement are used regularly. If the inherent incompatibility between these units is not handled properly it can lead to major, sometimes catastrophic, problems. Although the risk of a miscalculation is high and the cost equally so, almost none of the major programming languages has support for physical quantities. Instead, scientific code developers often make their own tools or rely on external libraries to help them spot or prevent these mistakes. We employed a systematic approach to examine and analyse all available physical quantity open-source libraries. Approximately 3700 search results across seven repository hosting sites were condensed into a list of 82 of the most comprehensive and well-developed libraries currently available. In this group, 30 different programming languages are represented. Out of these 82 libraries, 38 have been updated within the last two years. These 38 are summarised in this paper as they are deemed the most relevant. The conclusion we draw from these results is that there is clearly too much diversity, duplicated efforts, and a lack of code sharing and harmonisation which discourages use and adoption.

关键词： Physical quantities libraries units of measurement open-source scientific programming

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Change-driven development for scientific software

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JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2017年第5期73卷 2229-2257页

作者： Mendez, Mariano Tinetti, Fernando G. Univ Buenos Aires Fac Ingn Buenos Aires DF Argentina UNLP III LIDI Fac Informat La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina Comis Inv Cient Prov Buenos Aires La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina

scientific software production dates back to the days before the computer science discipline obtained its own name. Over the past 76 years, scientists have been producing software, which means that most of the modern techniques and software engineering methods available these days did not exist while part of this process was taking place. Change-driven development was born as a new approach to maintain and develop scientific software. Founded on the principles of software essence (changeability, complexity, intangibility, and conformity), integrated development tools, and automated source code transformation. This new, agile approach takes change as a working unit devised to drive the entire development process, which is performed in a four-stage cycle. One of the most interesting approaches to apply change-driven development on scientific software is to update, modernize and even parallelize sequential programs that have been written 20 or 30 years ago and are still running in production environments. This process will be thoroughly described and implemented. Two successful case studies will be presented and analyzed in depth.

关键词： Change-driven development scientific programming High performance computing

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Biomedical Optics scientific Community

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Journal of Biomedical Optics 2018年第1期23卷 1页

作者： Pogue, Brian W. Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth (United States)

The new Editor-in-Chief, Brian Pogue, gives an overview of the biomedical optics community.

关键词： Biomedical optics Computer programming Outreach programs scientific programming

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SIRF: Synergistic Image Reconstruction Framework

SIRF: Synergistic Image Reconstruction Framework

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IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) / 24th International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors

作者： Ovtchinnikov, Evgueni Atkinson, David Kolbitsch, Christoph Thomas, Benjamin A. Bertolli, Ottavia da Costa-Luis, Casper O. Efthimiou, Nikolaos Fowler, Ronald Pasca, Edoardo Wadhwa, Palak Emond, Elise Matthews, Julian Prieto, Claudia Reader, Andrew J. Tsoumpas, Charalampos Turner, Martin Thielemans, Kris Rutherford Appleton Lab Sci & Technol Facil Council Visual Analyt & Imaging Syst Grp Chilton England UCL Ctr Med Imaging London England PTB Braunschweig Germany PTB Berlin Germany UCL Inst Nucl Med London England Kings Coll London Sch Biomed Engn & Imaging Sci London England Univ Hull Sch Biol Biomed & Environm Sci Kingston Upon Hull N Humberside England Univ Leeds Div Biomed Imaging Leeds W Yorkshire England Imanova Ltd London England MAHSC Univ Manchester Div Informat Imaging & Data Sci Manchester Lancs England Kings Coll London Dept Biomed Engn London England

ISBN: (纸本)9781538622827

The combination of positron emission tomography (PET) with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging opens the way to more accurate diagnosis and improved patient management. At present, the data acquired by PET and MR scanners are essentially processed separately, and the search for ways to improve accuracy of the tomographic reconstruction via synergy of the two imaging techniques is an active area of research. The aim of the collaborative computational project on PET and MR (CCP-PETMR), supported by the UK engineering and physical sciences research council (EPSRC), is to accelerate research in synergistic PET-MR image reconstruction by providing an open access software platform for efficient implementation and validation of novel reconstruction algorithms. In this paper, we present the first release of the Synergistic Image Reconstruction Framework (SIRF) software suite from the CCP-PETMR. SIRF provides user-friendly Python and MATLAB interfaces to advanced PET and MR reconstruction packages written in C++ (currently this uses STIR, Software for Tomographic Image Reconstruction, for PET and Gadgetron for MR, but SIRE will be able to link to other reconstruction engines in the future as appropriate). The software is capable of reconstructing images from real scanner data. Both of the available integrated clinical PET-MR systems (Siemens and GE) are being targeted, and a suitable data format exchange is being negotiated with the manufacturers.

关键词： Positron Emission Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Software Engineering scientific programming

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ScalaLab: An Effective Scala-Based scientific programming Environment for Java

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COMPUTING IN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2011年第5期13卷 43-55页

作者： Papadimitriou, Stergios Terzidis, Konstantinos Mavroudi, Seferina Likothanassis, Spiridon Technol Educ Inst Kavala Dept Informat Management Kavala Greece Technol Educ Inst Kavala Sch Adm & Financial Studies Kavala Greece Univ Patras Dept Comp Engn & Informat Patras Greece Univ Patras Pattern Recognit Lab Patras Greece

Scala offers many benefits for constructing scientific programming environments. Extending Scala with Matlab-like constructs enabled the creation of ScalaSci, a compiled mathematical scripting framework, and ScalaLab, an efficient integrated scientific programming environment. ScalaLab offers an interesting open source alternative to commercial packages, especially for the scientific community familiar with Java.

关键词： Dynamic programming Groovy Informatics Java Java MATLAB Matlab Pattern recognition programming environments Scala scientific computing binding class loaders dynamic languages functional languages interpreters scientific programming scripting

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An Internet-Based scientific programming Environment

An Internet-Based Scientific Programming Environment

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International Conference on Digital Information and Communication Technology and Its Applications

作者： Weeks, Michael Georgia State Univ Atlanta GA 30303 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783642219832

A change currently unfolding is the move from desktop computing as we know it, where applications run on a person's computer, to network computing. The idea is to distribute an application across a network of computers, primarily the Internet. Whereas people in 2005 might have used Microsoft Word for their word-processing needs, people today might use Google Docs. This paper details a project, started in 2007, to enable scientific programming through an environment based in an Internet browser. scientific programming is an integral part of math, science and engineering. This paper glows how the Calq system can be used for scientific programming, and evaluates how well it works. Testing revealed something unexpected. Google Chrome outperformed other browsers, taking only a fraction of the time to perform a complex task in Calq.

关键词： Calq Google Web Toolkit web-based programming scientific programming

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