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Implementation of high-speed SHA-1 architecture

IEICE ELECTRONICS EXPRESS 2009年第16期6卷 1174-1179页

作者： Lee, Eun-Hee Lee, Je-Hoon Park, Il-Hwan Cho, Kyoung-Rok Chungbuk Natl Univ Chungbuk Informat Tech Ctr BK21 Cheongju 361763 South Korea Natl Secur Res Inst Taejon South Korea

This paper proposes a new SHA-1 architecture to exploit higher parallelism and to shorten the critical path for hash operations. It enhances a performance without significant area penalty. We implemented the proposed SHA-1 architecture on FPGA that showed the maximum clock frequency of 118 MHz allows a data throughput rate of 5.9 Gbps. The throughput is about 26% higher, compared to other counterparts. It supports cryptography of high-speed multimedia data.

关键词： cryptography secure hash algorithm hardware design

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Revised elliptic curve cryptography multi-signature scheme (RECC-MSS) for enhancing security in electronic health record (EHR) system

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JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2023年第6期45卷 11993-12012页

作者： Uganya, G. Bommi, R. M. Krishnammal, P. Muthu Vijayaraj, N. Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthal R&D Inst Sci & T Dept Elect & Commun Engn Chennai Tamil Nadu India Chennai Inst Technol Dept Elect & Commun Engn Chennai Tamil Nadu India VIT AP Univ Sch Elect Engn Amaravati Andhra Pradesh India Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthal R&D Inst Sci & T Dept Comp Sci & Engn Chennai Tamil Nadu India

Internet of things (IoT) is a recent developing technology in the field of smart healthcare. But it is difficult to transfer the patient's health record as a centralized network. So, "blockchain technology" has excellent consideration due to its unique qualities such as decentralized network, openness, irreversible data, and cryptography functions. Blockchain technology depends on cryptography hash techniques for safe transmission. For increased security, it transforms the variable size inputs into a constant length hash result. Current cryptographic hash algorithms with digital signatures are only able to access keys up to a size of 256 bytes and have concerns with single node accessibility. It just uses the bits that serve as the key to access the data. This paper proposes the "Revised Elliptic Curve Cryptography Multi-Signature Scheme" (RECC-MSS) for multinode availability to find the nearest path for secure communications with the medical image as keys. Here, the input image key can be converted into an array of data that can be extended up to 512 bytes of size. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed with other cryptography hash functions like secure hashing algorithms (SHAs) such as "SHA224", "SHA256", "SHA384", "SHA512", "SHA3-224", "SHA3-256", "SHA3-384", "SHA3-512", and "Message Digest5" (MD5) by "One-way ANOVA" test in terms of "accuracy", "throughput" and "time complexity". The proposed scheme with ECC achieved the throughput of 17.07 kilobytes per 200 nano seconds, 93.25% of accuracy, 1.5 nanoseconds latency of signature generation, 1.48 nanoseconds latency of signature verification, 1.5 nanoseconds of time complexity with 128 bytes of hash signature. The RECC-MSS achieved the significance of 0.001 for accuracy and 0.002 for time complexity which are less than 0.05. From the statistical analysis, the proposed algorithm has significantly high accuracy, high throughput and less time complexity than other cryptography hash algorithms.

关键词： Internet of Things blockchain technology multi-signature secure hash algorithm Revised Elliptic Curve Cryptography medical image

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Finding Near-Optimum Message Scheduling Settings for SHA-256 Variants Using Genetic algorithms

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2013年第5期29卷 889-905页

作者： Lin, Chu-Hsing Lee, Chen-Yu Kavi, Krishna M. Chen, Deng-Jyi Yeh, Yi-Shiung Tunghai Univ Dept Comp Sci Taichung 407 Taiwan Natl Chiao Tung Univ Dept Comp Sci Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Univ N Texas Dept Comp Sci & Engn Denton TX 76203 USA

One-way hash functions play an important role in modem cryptography. Matusiewicz et al. proved that the message scheduling is essential for the security of SHA-256 by showing that it is possible to find collisions with complexity 2(64) hash operations for a variant without it. In this article, we first proposed the conjecture that message scheduling of SHA algorithm has higher security complexity (or fitness value in Genetic algorithm) if each message word (W-t) involves more message blocks (M-i) in each round. We found some evidence supports the conjecture. Consider the security of SHA-0 and SHA-1. Since Chabaud and Joux shown that SHA-1 is more secure than SHA-0. Further, Wang found collisions in full SHA-0 and SHA-1 hash operations with complexities less than 2(39) and 2(69), respectively. We found it is consistent from the viewpoint of message blocks (terms) involved in each message word. It clearly shown that the number of terms involved in SHA-1 is more than that in SHA-0, taking W-27 as an example, 14 and 6, respectively. Based on the conjecture we proposed a new view of complexity for SHA-256-XOR functions, a variant of SHA-256, by counting the terms involved in each equation, instead of analyzing the probability of finding collisions within SHA-256-XOR hash function. Our experiments shown that the parameter set in each equation of message schedule is crucial to security fitness. We applied genetic algorithms to find the near-optimal message schedule parameter sets that enhance the complexity 4 times for SHA-1 and 1.5 times for SHA-256-XOR, respectively, when compared to original SHA-1 and SHA-256-XOR functions. The analysis would be interesting for designers on the security of modular-addition-free hash function which is good for hardware implementation with lower gate count. And the found message schedule parameter sets would be a good reference for further improvement of SHA functions.

关键词： genetic algorithms cryptography secure hash algorithm message scheduling optimisation

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A novel compression-based 2D-chaotic sine map for enhancing privacy and security of biometric identification systems

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SECURITY AND APPLICATIONS 2024年 80卷

作者： Rahman, Mobashshirur Murmu, Anita Kumar, Piyush Moparthi, Nageswara Rao Namasudra, Suyel Natl Inst Technol Patna Dept Comp Sci & Engn Patna 800005 Bihar India Koneru Lakshmaiah Educ Fdn Dept Comp Sci & Engn Vaddeswaram 522302 Andhra Pradesh India Natl Inst Technol Agartala Dept Comp Sci & Engn Agartala Tripura India

Human biometric images are utilized for cell phone authentication, airport security, and biometric passports. To improve the biometric identification process, this should be protected from cyber attackers because it is sensitive to any minor changes. Thus, security is a major concern in biometric images. Traditional encryption and compression methods are ineffective for encrypting biometric images due to their high execution time and algorithm complexity. In this paper, a novel 2D chaotic sine map is proposed for generating encryption keys and improving security for biometric identification systems. The proposed scheme uses the 2D chaotic map to generate the private key and diffusion process. Here, the Henon-Sine Map (HSM-512), secure hash algorithm (SHA-256), and DNA computing are also used in the key generation process. The pixel values of the original images in the proposed schemes are shuffled using Mersenne Twister (MT) to improve the security of biometric images. Moreover, the Differential Huffman Compression (DHC) method is used for lossless compression while performing the XOR-based encryption process. The proposed model has been tested on different RGB biometric images, namely the SOCOFing dataset and the COVID-19 chest X-ray dataset. The experiment results have been evaluated using many performance metrics, such as entropy, key space, histogram analysis, key sensitivity, robustness analysis, correlation, and similarity analysis. The outcomes demonstrate that the proposed scheme is more effective than the state-of-the-art schemes.

关键词： 2D Henon-Sine map secure hash algorithm Image encryption Confusion and diffusion Lossless compression

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A Sensing Device with the Optical Temperature Sensors-Based Quad-RX Module and a Security Module

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SENSORS 2021年第5期21卷 1620页

作者： Kim, Kyeeun Park, Siwoong Yeo, Chanil Park, Hyoung-Jun Kim, Hyunjin Heo, Young Soon Kang, Hyun Seo Kim, Kyungsoo Elect & Telecommun Res Inst Opt ICT Convergence Sect Gwangju 34129 South Korea IMR Gwangju 61008 South Korea

In this paper, we present a sensing device with the optical temperature sensors-based quad receiver (Quad-RX) module and a security module. In addition, in order to prevent cyberattacks on critical national infrastructures and key facilities, we implemented symmetric-key and secure hash algorithm-based hardware security modules in the key elements of the sensing device. A preliminary test was conducted prior to a field trial to verify the performance of the developed sensing device. The accuracy and stability of the sensing device were then verified for 1 month in a field test at facilities for energy storage systems and photovoltaic converters in sewage treatment plants.

关键词： sensor node optical receiver real-time monitoring fiber Bragg grating security module symmetric-key algorithm secure hash algorithm

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Forensics: Collection of Sound Digital Evidence

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Journal of Information Security 2023年第4期14卷 454-463页

作者： Richard Kabanda Harihar Thapa Luis Rivera College of Engineering University of New Haven West Haven USA

This summary paper will discuss the concept of forensic evidence and evidence collection methods. Emphasis will be placed on the techniques used to collect forensically sound digital evidence for the purpose of introduction to digital forensics. This discussion will thereafter result in identifying and categorizing the different types of digital forensics evidence and a clear procedure for how to collect forensically sound digital evidence. This paper will further discuss the creation of awareness and promote the idea that competent practice of computer forensics collection is important for admissibility in court.

关键词： Electronic Discovery Reference Model National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Message-Digest algorithm secure hash algorithm Forensically Sound Digital Evidence

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Implementation of high speed and lightweight symmetric key encryption algorithm-based authentication protocol for resource constrained devices

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC SECURITY AND DIGITAL FORENSICS 2022年第3期14卷 238-263页

作者： Rajashree, R. Peroumal, Vijayakumar Kishore, Lalit Reddy, K. Venkata Diwakar Reddy, Srujan Jagannath, M. Vellore Inst Technol Sch Elect Engn Chennai Tamil Nadu India

Encryption and decryption is accomplished by means of software or hardware, and has been in continuous usage since the 2000s for data encryption using any communication medium. A modern authentication algorithm is introduced based on the AES algorithmic program and SHA algorithms to encrypt information for encrypted communication with improved security features. SHA shall be applied at the same time as the AES mechanism for secrecy, reliability and honesty checks. The core concept of algorithmic application is to achieve a high degree of data protection by integrating SHA and AES algorithmic programs in software and hardware. Both transmitter and receiver sections are included in the proposed model to safely send and receive data. It has been developed using Xilinx ISE 14.2, so that the parameters of the proposed algorithmic program can be compared with various different FPGAs and then further comparison of parameters along with DES algorithm may lead to satisfactory results.

关键词： advanced encryption standard AES data encryption standard DES symmetric key cryptography block ciphers secure hash algorithm field programmable gate array FPGA authentication

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Robust symmetric cryptography using plain-text variant session key

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC SECURITY AND DIGITAL FORENSICS 2015年第1期7卷 30-40页

作者： Khan, Hari Narayan Regent Educ & Res Fdn Dept Comp Sci & Engn Kolkata 700121 W Bengal India

The secured data communication over internet is the most important concern nowadays. Our main aim is to build an apparently attack resistant encryption model. Session key may be one solution where new encryption key is used in every session but that needs key exchange prior to every communication. Common solution is, the new key be the function of the previous key and previous plain-text. Here after every communication one needs to extract the next session key and to remember till the next communication. In this paper, we have proposed a scheme where session key is the function of a secret key and the current plain-text. Thus in each session the encryption key is changing but there is no need to extract and remember the next session key. Moreover, we have used double encryption technique and shown that our scheme is better against crypto-analysis than other existing schemes like DES, AES.

关键词： symmetric cryptography session key advanced encryption standard AES secure hash algorithm SHA transpose cipher

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Encryption System Design Based On DES And SHA-1

Encryption System Design Based On DES And SHA-1

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The Eleventh International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications to Business,Engineering and Science(DCABES2012)(第十一届分布式计算及其应用国际学术研讨会)(原名:电子商务、工程及科学领域的分布式计算和应用国际学术研讨会)

作者： Jian Zhang Xuling Jin School Of Science Beijing University Of Civil Engineering And ArchitectureBeijingChina

For modern society,The concealment and completeness of data is particularly *** solve this problem,developed a mixed DES and SHA-1 encryption system based on VC++*** system on the one hand by Triple DES and RSA algorithms for data encryption to hide,on the other hand,by the SHA-1 algorithm to validate the integrity of data,it has a wide range of practicality.

关键词： data encryption standard public key cryptography secure hash algorithm data encryption system

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Encryption System Design Based On DES And SHA-1

Encryption System Design Based On DES And SHA-1

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第11届分布式计算及其应用国际学术研讨会

作者： Jian Zhang Xuling Jin School Of Science Beijing University Of Civil Engineering And Architecture

For modern society, The concealment and completeness of data is particularly important. To solve this problem, developed a mixed DES and SHA-1 encryption system based on VC + + environment. The system on the one hand by Triple DES and RSA algorithms for data encryption to hide, on the other hand, by the SHA-1 algorithm to validate the integrity of data, it has a wide range of practicality.

关键词： data encryption standard public key cryptography secure hash algorithm data encryption system

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