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Implementing an electronic public health record for policy planning in the UK military sector: Validation of a secure hashing algorithm

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HELIYON 2023年第6期9卷 e16116页

作者： Tomietto, Marco McGill, Andrew Kiernan, Matthew D. Northumbria Univ Fac Hlth & Life Sci Dept Nursing Midwifery & Hlth Newcastle Upon Tyne England

The digitalisation of healthcare services is a major resource to inform policy-makers. However, the availability of data and the establishment of a data flow present new issues to address, such as data anonymisation, records' reliability, and data linkage. The veterans' population in the UK presents complex needs and many organisations provide social and healthcare support, but their databases are not linked or aggregated to provide a comprehensive overview of service planning. This study aims to test the sensitivity and specificity of a secure hashing algorithm to generate a unique anonymous identifier for data linkage across different organisations in the veterans' population. A secure hashing algorithm was performed by considering two input variables from two different datasets. The uniqueness of the identifier was compared against the single personal key adopted as a current standard identifier. Chi-square, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. The results demonstrated that the unique identifier generated by the secure hashing algorithm detected more unique records when compared to the current gold standard. The identifier demonstrated optimal sensitivity and specificity and it allowed an enhanced data linkage between different datasets. The adoption of a secure hashing algorithm improved the uniqueness of records. Moreover, it ensured data anonymity by transforming personal information into an encrypted identifier. This approach is beneficial for big data management and for creating an aggregated system for linking different organisations and, in this way, for providing a more comprehensive overview of healthcare provision and the foundation for precision public health strategies.

关键词： secure hashing algorithm Military veterans Military families Unique identifier Big data Data aggregation Data confidentiality

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A novel route for synthesis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2007年第9期18卷 1735-1743页

作者： Krishna, D. Siva Rama Siddharthan, A. Seshadri, S. K. Kumar, T. S. Sampath Indian Inst Technol Dept Met & Mat Engn Madras 600036 Tamil Nadu India

The eggshell waste has been value engineered to a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite ( HA) by microwave processing. To highlight the advantages of eggshell as calcium precursor in the synthesis of HA (OHA), synthetic calcium hydroxide was also used to form HA (SHA) following similar procedure and were compared with a commercially available pure HA (CHA). All the HAs were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) method, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and specific surface area measurements. Nanocrystalline nature of OHA is revealed through characteristic broad peaks in XRD patterns, platelets of length 33-50 nm and width 8-14 nm in TEM micrograph and size calculations from specific surface area measurements. FT-IR spectra showed characteristic bands of HA and additionally peaks of carbonate ions. The cell parameter calculations suggest the formation of carbonated HA of B-type. The OHA exhibits superior sinterability in terms of hardness and density than both SHA and CHA may be due to larger surface area of its spherulite structure. The in vitro dissolution study shows longer stability in phosphate buffer and cell culture test using osteoblast cells establishes biocompatibility of OHA.

关键词： CALCIUM-DEFICIENT HYDROXYAPATITE MICROWAVE IRRADIATION BONE CERAMICS COATINGS BIOCERAMICS BEHAVIOR CORAL Phosphate Buffer secure hashing algorithm corals Algal oils Durapatite TCFL5 gene microwave irradiation synthesis HOUR ANGLE Nanocrystalline egg shell bioceramics

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Low-cost digital signature architecture suitable for radio frequency identification tags

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IET COMPUTERS AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES 2010年第1期4卷 14-26页

作者： O'Neill (nee McLoone), M. Robshaw, M. J. B. Queens Univ Belfast Inst Elect Commun & Informat Technol Belfast BT7 1NN Antrim North Ireland Orange Labs Issy Les Moulineaux France

Continuing achievements in hardware technology are bringing ubiquitous computing closer to reality. The notion of a connected, interactive and autonomous environment is common to all sensor networks, biosystems and radio frequency identification (RFID) devices, and the emergence of significant deployments and sophisticated applications can be expected. However, as more information is collected and transmitted, security issues will become vital for such a fully connected environment. In this study the authors consider adding security features to low-cost devices such as RFID tags. In particular, the authors consider the implementation of a digital signature architecture that can be used for device authentication, to prevent tag cloning, and for data authentication to prevent transmission forgery. The scheme is built around the signature variant of the cryptoGPS identification scheme and the SHA-1 hash function. When implemented on 130 nm CMOS the full design uses 7494 gates and consumes 4.72 mu W of power, making it smaller and more power efficient than previous low-cost digital signature designs. The study also presents a low-cost SHA-1 hardware architecture which is the smallest standardised hash function design to date.

关键词： secure hashing algorithm Authentication digital signatures RFID tags cryptography hardware architecture

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A novel method for constructing the mean field of grain-orientation-dependent residual stress

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PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS 2001年第3期81卷 153-163页

作者： Wang, YD Peng, RL McGreevy, RL Uppsala Univ Studsvik Neutron Res Lab S-61182 Nykoping Sweden Linkoping Univ Dept Mech Engn S-58183 Linkoping Sweden

The heterogeneity of grain-orientation-dependent residual stress (ODRS) in polycrystalline materials has received a great deal of attention in the past few years. This letter describes a novel method, called the spherical harmonics approach (SHA), for analysing ODRS. The stress orientation distribution function (SODF) is defined to describe quantitatively the mean field of the residual stress as a function of grain orientation in the Euler space. This stress field can be expanded in terms of generalized spherical harmonics, and its series coefficients can be determined directly from lattice strain maps (strain pole figures). While solving the deconvolution problem of this stress field, the stress or strain equilibrium between neighbouring grains is considered simultaneously by implementing a self-consistent model in the iterative algorithm. The application of the SHA is illustrated by the construction of the SODF for a cold-rolled and annealed austenite stainless steel, using strain pole figures obtained by neutron diffraction.

关键词： secure hashing algorithm Residual stress Pole figures Grain orientation Neutron diffraction stress fields polycrystalline materials spherical harmonic analysis austenitic stainless steels cold rolling

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One-Step Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Coating on Cotton Fabric by Ultrasound Irradiation

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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH 2013年第36期52卷 12846-12854页

作者： Yazdanshenas, Mohammad E. Shateri-Khalilabad, Mohammad Islamic Azad Univ Yazd Branch Dept Text Engn Yazd Iran

Superhydrophobic textiles are materials that have been treated to become resistant to penetration by water and wetting. Such materials have attracted substantial interest because of their high potential for applications in various areas. They are usually made in a two-step coating process: formation of nanoscale roughness on microscale fibers and subsequent hydrophobization by low-surface-energy materials. In this study, a facile one-step ultrasound-assisted approach was developed for the synthesis of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) functionalized with octyltriethoxysilane and their in situ incorporation into cotton fabrics. The fabrics were tested in terms of water contact angle (CA) and water shedding angle (SHA) and were characterized by SEM, EDX and FTIR spectroscopies, and reflectance spectrophotometry. SEM and AFM images revealed that the functionalized SiNPs formed a nearly close-packed assembly on the fibers and increased the roughness value of the fabric. The fabric showed stable superhydrophobicity with CA and SHA values of 152.8 degrees +/- 2.6 degrees and 8 degrees, respectively. Reflectance spectra showed that the coating was transparent and could not affect the color of the fabric. In addition, the coating had high stability against repeated washing, and its mechanical properties were not substantially affected.

关键词： Coatings roughness value secure hashing algorithm high potential fabric Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy calcium synthesis Fiber Textile fabrics Coating Cotton fabrics octyltriethoxysilane

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Effect of heat treatment on high pressure plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings

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SURFACE ENGINEERING 2002年第3期18卷 213-218页

作者： Espanol, M Guipont, V Khor, KA Jeandin, M Llorca-Isern, N Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Mech & Prod Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore Ecole Natl Super Mines C2P Ctr Plasma Proc F-91003 Evry France Univ Barcelona Dept Chem & Met Engn E-08028 Barcelona Spain

This paper reports the characteristics and properties of two different-sets of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings obtained by thermal spraying two different HA powders, spray dried HA (SDHA) and spheroidisided HA (SHA), at various chamber pressures. The evaluation of the coatings following post-spray treatment at 800degreesC is also included. Comparisons to the results from the as sprayed coatings were made to show the effects of post-spray heat treatment. The median particle sizes for SDHA and SHA were 35 and 47 mum, respectively. The main difference between the powders is their density and morphology. The SHA powder provides higher density and spherical morphology, an a more porous and rough surface is present in the SDHA powders. These two powders were sprayed using a controlled atmosphere plasma spraying (CAPS) system in the inert plasma spray (IPS) and high pressure plasma spray (HPPS) modes. Four different pressures of 100, 150, 200, and 250 kPa were applied in an argon atmosphere. Post-spray heat treatment was performed to increase the crystallinity of the coatings, to homogenise their structure, and to convert other calcium phosphate phases to HA. Different techniques were used to characterise these coatings. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe surface and cross-section morphology of both powder and sprayed coatings. The phase and chemical characteristics of the samples were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Finally, in order to have a qualitative measure of the integrity of the coatings, Vickers hardness testing was performed-on polished cross-sections of the coatings.

关键词： secure hashing algorithm SDHA gene Cross section Coating plasma spraying Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Scanning Electron Microscope x-ray diffraction (XRD) HOUR ANGLE argon atmosphere Sprayed coatings

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Implementing a National Program to Reduce Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection: A Quality Improvement Collaboration of State Hospital Associations, Academic Medical Centers, Professional Societies, and Governmental Agencies

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INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2013年第10期34卷 1048-1054页

作者： Fakih, Mohamad G. George, Christine Edson, Barbara S. Goeschel, Christine A. Saint, Sanjay St Johns Hosp Detroit MI USA Wayne State Univ Med Ctr Detroit MI 48202 USA Michigan Hlth & Hosp Assoc Lansing MI USA Hlth Res & Educ Trust Chicago IL USA Johns Hopkins Med Armstrong Inst Patient Safety & Baltimore MD USA Vet Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Sch Med Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) represents a significant proportion of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The US Department of Health and Human Services issued a plan to reduce HAIs with a target 25% reduction of CAUTI by 2013. Michigan''s successful collaborative to reduce unnecessary use of urinary catheters and CAUTI was based on a partnership between diverse hospitals, the state hospital association (SHA), and academic medical centers. Taking the lessons learned from Michigan, we are now spreading this work throughout the 50 states. This national spread leverages the expertise of different groups and organizations for the unified goal of reducing catheter-related harm. The key components of the project are (1) centralized coordination of the effort and dissemination of information to SHAs and hospitals, (2) data collection based on established definitions and approaches, (3) focused guidance on the technical practices that will prevent CAUTI, (4) emphasis on understanding the socioadaptive aspects (both the general, unit-wide issues and CAUTI-specific challenges), and (5) partnering with specialty organizations and governmental agencies who have expertise in the relevant subject area. The work may serve in the future as a model for other large improvement efforts to address other hospital-acquired conditions, such as venous thromboembolism and falls.

关键词： Information Dissemination Urinary Catheters United States Department of Health and Human Services secure hashing algorithm Michigan Venous Thromboembolism Academic Medical Centers

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Preoperative scar hyperalgesia is associated with post-operative pain in women undergoing a repeat Caesarean delivery

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAIN 2013年第1期17卷 111-123页

作者： Ortner, C. M. Granot, M. Richebe, P. Cardoso, M. Bollag, L. Landau, R. Univ Washington Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Haifa Fac Social Welf & Hlth Studies IL-31999 Haifa Israel Matern Hosp Santa Joana Dept Anesthesiol Sao Paulo Brazil

Background Over 1.4 million Caesarean deliveries are performed annually in the United States, out of which 30% are elective repeat procedures. Post-operative hyperalgesia is associated with an increased risk for persistent post-surgical pain;however, there are no data on whether residual scar hyperalgesia (SHA) from a previous Caesarean delivery (CD) persists until the next delivery. We hypothesized that residual SHA may be present in a substantial proportion of women and is associated with increased post-operative pain. Methods One hundred and sixty-three women scheduled for a repeat CD under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled into the study. Mechanical temporal summation (mTS) and SHA index were measured preoperatively. SHA was considered present when the index was >0. Post-operative pain scores at 12, 24 and 48?h and wound hyperalgesia (WHA) at 48?h were recorded. Results SHA was present in 67 women 41% with a median SHA index of 0.42 (Q 25?=?0.25;Q 75?=?1.1, range 0.034.25). Women with SHA had overall higher post-operative pain scores and SHA was correlated with preoperative mTS (r?=?0.164, p?

关键词： secure hashing algorithm postoperative pain Hyperalgesia caesarean delivery pain score

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Emission of SH radicals in solid krypton:: mixed quantum-classical molecular dynamics simulations

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CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS 2001年第4-6期338卷 317-322页

作者： Firsov, DA Grigorenko, BL Nemukhin, AV Khriachtchev, LY Räsänen, MO Univ Helsinki Phys Chem Lab FIN-00014 Helsinki Finland Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ Dept Chem Moscow 119899 Russia

Direct simulations of the specific features in the A(2)Sigma (+)(upsilon' = 0) --> X(2)Pi emission of SH radicals in solid krypton, namely, the appearance of two bands with different lifetimes, are carried out by using mixed quantum-classical molecular dynamics (MD). More evidence is provided to support the assignment of these two bands to different trapping sites of electronically excited SH in krypton, including estimates of the radiative lifetimes. The higher-energy emission with a shorter lifetime corresponds to a site with relatively foe movement of SH(A) inside the lattice. The emission at longer wavelengths and with longer lifetime originates from a site where one of the matrix atoms is attached to the guest molecule forming a transient complex SH(A) . Kr inside the solvation shell. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. Ail rights reserved.

关键词： Bands and orchestras Krypton secure hashing algorithm Bands radiative lifetimes

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Biomechanical reconstruction of the hip: comparison between modular short-stem hip arthroplasty and conventional total hip arthroplasty

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INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2012年第7期36卷 1341-1347页

作者： Schmidutz, Florian Beirer, Marc Weber, Patrick Mazoochian, Farhad Fottner, Andreas Jansson, Volkmar Univ Hosp Munich Dept Orthopaed Surg D-81377 Munich Germany Tech Univ Munich Dept Trauma Surg D-81675 Munich Germany

Short-stem hip arthroplasty preserves femoral bone stock which includes the femoral neck. This implies that the stem has to follow the anatomy of the femoral neck. Therefore, it has been questioned whether biomechanical reconstruction of the hip can be safely achieved with SHA. Biomechanical reconstruction of the hip was analysed for 50 modular short-stem hip arthroplasties (SHA) and compared to 50 conventional total hip arthroplasties (THA). Biomechanical parameters were analysed on pre- and postoperative pelvic overviews and compared to those of the contralateral side. The position of the acetabular cup (vertical and horizontal hip centre of rotation) changed slightly and was comparable for both groups. Horizontal femoral offset increased more in SHA (6.2 mm) than in THA (2.0 mm). Compared to the contralateral side it was significantly greater after SHA (+3.6 mm) but almost balanced after THA (-0.2 mm). Limb length increased with both procedures (8.0 mm SHA, 9.1 mm THA), but showed a significantly greater discrepancy after SHA (3.3 mm) as compared to THA (1.3 mm). According to the different implant designs, the stem-shaft axis showed a wider varus-valgus range for SHA (6.2A degrees varus to 8.8A degrees valgus) than for THA (2.6A degrees varus to 3.3A degrees valgus). Horizontal femoral offset increased more with modular SHA than with conventional THA, but was within a beneficial range. Restoration of limb length appears more difficult in SHA and has a tendency to prolong limb length, which is probably related to the higher femoral resection level. This should be taken into consideration when considering SHA for a patient as well as during implantation.

关键词： secure hashing algorithm limb length Femur Neck Mm Hip Hip Replacement Arthroplasty Tacrine

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