In recent years, cognitive radar (CR) with waveform diversity has exhibited significant performance improvements over the traditional fixed waveform radar and become an area of vigorous research and development. This ...
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In recent years, cognitive radar (CR) with waveform diversity has exhibited significant performance improvements over the traditional fixed waveform radar and become an area of vigorous research and development. This study presents a dynamic waveform selection algorithm to strive for tracking error minimisation for CR manoeuvering target tracking in clutter. Based on the concepts of resolution cell and measurement extraction cell, the statistical characteristics of radar measurements are discussed without dependence upon the Cramer-Rao lower bound of the measurement errors and the high signal-to-noise ratio assumption. A particle filter combined with probabilistic data association is used as a tracker. To quantify the utility of available waveforms, the predicted tracking mean-square error, because of its dependence on actual future measurements, is approximated efficiently via Gaussian fitting of the prior density of the target state and statistical linearisation of the measurement equation. Monte Carlo simulation results show that the proposed dynamic waveform selection algorithm can improve tracking performance considerably, especially in terms of track loss probability.
In the real world, decision-making process is related to alternative evaluation with respect to multiple conflicting criteria. In this paper, a hybrid group approach to solve the site selection problem is developed by...
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In the real world, decision-making process is related to alternative evaluation with respect to multiple conflicting criteria. In this paper, a hybrid group approach to solve the site selection problem is developed by integrating two methods which are the Best Worst Method (BWM) and Evaluation based on Distance from Average (EDAS). The multi-criteria group decision-making methods aggregate expert preferences and present the best agreement. BWM method is used to do pairwise comparisons in a structured way to determine the criteria weight. EDAS is a method used for alternative ranking which is useful for the decision issues that contain conflicting criteria. In order to show the procedures and the application of the developed method, a case study for site selection of plastic manufacturing company is developed. A comparison made between the proposed method and the AHP method is developed to ensure that the proposed method offers reliable results. Also, sensitivity analysis is conveyed for robustness validation.
Feature selection is an important preprocessing step in analyzing large scale data. In this paper, we prove the monotonicity property of the χ2-statistic and use it to construct a more robust feature selection method...
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In cognitive radio, accurate spectrum sensing is essential to optimally use the available spectrum opportunities. On the other hand, energy is a scarce resource especially in cognitive sensor networks. In this study, ...
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In cognitive radio, accurate spectrum sensing is essential to optimally use the available spectrum opportunities. On the other hand, energy is a scarce resource especially in cognitive sensor networks. In this study, the authors combine both these conflicting requirements and propose an energy-aware secondary user selection algorithm for cognitive sensor networks. First, an optimisation problem is solved to obtain the minimum required number of cognitive users, whereas satisfying the system requirements. Second, the most eligible cognitive users are identified through a probability-based approach. They study two extreme cases by focusing on either energy or accuracy parameters. By numerical analysis, it is shown that the accuracy benchmark is increased by as much as 39% by only considering the sensing accuracy, and the energy benchmark is reduced by as low as 76% by only considering the remaining level of energy. In addition, they conduct computer simulation and compare the network's lifetime at several sensing accuracy thresholds. It is elaborated that greater sensing accuracy thresholds lead to longer network lifetime. Finally, the effects of several fusion rules on the proposed method are studied through simulation and numerical analyses. It is discussed that the Majority rule has the best performance among the examined rules.
The current study focuses on the influence of geopolitical coordination of conservation strategies on cost and efficiency in terms of species representation when selecting network of protected areas. Conservation poli...
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The current study focuses on the influence of geopolitical coordination of conservation strategies on cost and efficiency in terms of species representation when selecting network of protected areas. Conservation policies in the EU are implemented at many different administrative levels: from the European Union and national levels, to regional or/county levels within member countries. This arise the question what size of efficiency gains could be achieved if planning of conservation priorities could be coordinated between geopolitical units. Using data for the nationwide distribution of 763 species, representing all Danish species within eight taxa, we compared illustrative costs for the addition of new areas to the existing conservation network in order to ensure full coverage of all species. We found that the cost of independent regional planning is 20-fold higher than an inter-regional and nationally co-ordinated strategy. we also found that substituting land prices for a simple land-area measure in our analyses increased the expected conservation costs differential significantly, without increasing coverage of species representations. We suggest that in economic and biodiversity terms it can largely be a win-win situation to set a common goal, to develop priority-strategies, and to coordinate actions at higher rather than lower levels of administration. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Evidenced-based data-driven decision-making algorithms guide patient and approach selection for adultspinal deformitysurgery. algorithms are continually refined as surgical goals and intraoperative technology evolve.
Evidenced-based data-driven decision-making algorithms guide patient and approach selection for adultspinal deformitysurgery. algorithms are continually refined as surgical goals and intraoperative technology evolve.
'Minimum' sets of complementary areas represent all species in a region a given number of times. In recent years, conservation assessments have centred around the the evaluation of these 'minimum' sets...
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'Minimum' sets of complementary areas represent all species in a region a given number of times. In recent years, conservation assessments have centred around the the evaluation of these 'minimum' sets. Previous research shows little overlap between minimum' sets and existing nature reserves and between 'minimum' sets Cur different taxonomic groups. The latter has been used as an argument to discount the use of indicator taxa in the selection of sites for nature reserves. However, these 'minimum' set analyses have only considered a single set for each taxonomic group when there are, in fact. a large number of equally valid 'minimum' sets. We present new methods for evaluating all of these alternative 'minimum' sets. Wt demonstrate that if all of the sets are evaluated, significantly higher levels of overlap are found between 'minimum' sets and nature reserves, and pairs of 'minimum' sets for different taxonomic groups. Furthermore, significantly higher proportions of species from non-target taxonomic groups are recorded in the 'minimum' sets of target Stoups Our results suggest that previous conservation assessments using 'minimum' sets may have been unduly pessimistic.
Developing cislunar architectures involves the consideration of many components, and evaluating these architectures requires the consideration of many varied perspectives. The process for making space exploration deci...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781624107115
ISBN:
(纸本)9781624107115
Developing cislunar architectures involves the consideration of many components, and evaluating these architectures requires the consideration of many varied perspectives. The process for making space exploration decisions has become increasingly complicated as interactions amongst participants have become both more impactful and more fraught. There are many additional considerations when conducting this type of analysis, including the context in which the architecture would be operating or the impact of the many assumptions that need to be made. One way to begin to tackle decision-making processes for cislunar architectures is through the development of a tabletop exercise that allows users to see how choices impact the resultant campaign scheduling in real-time, rather than the typical timelines of weeks to months for additional analysis. A tabletop environment brings stakeholder prioritization and interaction to schedule optimization, and contextualizes the decision-making through the use of scenarios. This tabletop tool enables users to compare architectures more quickly than through traditional methods, which could lead to more interactive studies, where different stakeholders are able to participate since new analyses can be run in real-time, or the exploration of more unconventional architectures since there is not the same level of investment needed to obtain results.
The development of modern energy is impossible without an effective solution of environmental problems and thermal power plants must meet stringent requirements to limit environmental pollution. In this paper, we desc...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538658321
The development of modern energy is impossible without an effective solution of environmental problems and thermal power plants must meet stringent requirements to limit environmental pollution. In this paper, we describe the development of a software package that implements the calculation of pollutant of thermal power plants into the atmosphere with flue gases from boilers and an algorithm for selecting the best available technologies to ensure the required degree of their reduction. The main regulatory documents regulating the transition of the energy industry to the principles of BAT are given.
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