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Why was this transfusion given? Identifying clinical indications for blood transfusion in health care data

CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2018年 10卷 353-362页

作者： van Hoeven, Loan R. Kreuger, Aukje L. Roes, Kit C. B. Kemper, Peter F. Koffijberg, Hendrik Kranenburg, Floris J. Rondeel, Jan M. M. Janssen, Mart P. Univ Med Ctr Utrecht Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care Stratenum 6-131POB 85500 NL-3508 GA Utrecht Netherlands Sanquin Res Transfus Technol Assessment Dept Amsterdam Netherlands Leiden Univ Med Ctr Dept Clin Epidemiol Leiden Netherlands Sanquin Res Ctr Clin Transfus Res Leiden Netherlands Univ Twente MIRA Inst Biomed Technol & Tech Med Dept Hlth Technol & Serv Res Enschede Netherlands Leiden Univ Med Ctr Dept Intens Care Leiden Netherlands Isala Dept Clin Chem Zwolle Netherlands

Background: To enhance the utility of transfusion data for research, ideally every transfusion should be linked to a primary clinical indication. In electronic patient records, many diagnostic and procedural codes are registered, but unfortunately, it is usually not specified which one is the reason for transfusion. Therefore, a method is needed to determine the most likely indication for transfusion in an automated way. Study design and methods: An algorithm to identify the most likely transfusion indication was developed and evaluated against a gold standard based on the review of medical records for 234 cases by 2 experts. In a second step, information on misclassification was used to fine-tune the initial algorithm. The adapted algorithm predicts, out of all data available, the most likely indication for transfusion using information on medical specialism, surgical procedures, and diagnosis and procedure dates relative to the transfusion date. Results: The adapted algorithm was able to predict 74.4% of indications in the sample correctly (extrapolated to the full data set 75.5%). A kappa score, which corrects for the number of options to choose from, was found of 0.63. This indicates that the algorithm performs substantially better than chance level. Conclusion: It is possible to use an automated algorithm to predict the indication for transfusion in terms of procedures and/or diagnoses. Before implementation of the algorithm in other data sets, the obtained results should be externally validated in an independent hospital data set.

关键词： indication for transfusion selection algorithm electronic health record data

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Using shapely values to define subgroups of forecasts for combining

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JOURNAL OF FORECASTING 2023年第4期42卷 905-923页

作者： Ding, Zhenni Chen, Huayou Zhou, Ligang Anhui Univ Sch Math Sci Hefei 230601 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol China Inst Mfg Dev Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

This paper proposes an algorithm based on the Shapley value method to select a superior subset from a group of multiple individual forecasts. The Shapley value of a forecast in a combination is an indicator that describes the contribution of the forecast to the combination, which is expressed as the function of four factors in this paper: The accuracy of the forecast, the average accuracy of other forecasts in the combination, the average degree of diversity between the forecast and other forecasts in the combination, and the average degree of diversity between any other two forecasts in the combination. Based on the Shapley value method, the order of different forecasts entering the screening process is determined and the selection algorithm is continuously executed until all the redundant forecasts have been removed from the combination. The effectiveness, superiority, and robustness of the proposed algorithm have been verified via three experiments. The results of empirical studies indicate that the combination of individual forecasts from the selected group markedly outperforms the best individual forecast and the combination of all available forecasts.

关键词： cooperative game redundant forecast selection algorithm Shapley value method superior subgroup

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Selecting the Target Transformations in the Design of Chemical Production Systems

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COKE AND CHEMISTRY 2017年第12期60卷 495-499页

作者： Naletov, V. A. Mendeleev Russian Chem Technol Univ Moscow Russia

The design of production systems at chemical plants is considered. Attention focuses on the selection of the target transformations of materials within a virtual system. The information approach is adopted in an algorithm for step-by-step selection of the target processes and their optimal integration within the virtual system. The key feature of this algorithm is that it allows to use general principles for the distribution of the system's functions between its elements and subsystems to ensure optimal integration of the target processes. Those principles were described in previous works. As an example, the algorithm is employed in the optimal organization of a system for converting lignite to synthesis gas, with specified proportions of the key components.

关键词： system organization production systems target transformations function distribution statistical independence selection algorithm complexity criteria

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Research on GNSS/SINS Tightly Coupled Integrated Navigation System 4

Research on GNSS/SINS Tightly Coupled Integrated Navigation ...

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4th International Conference on Intelligent System and Applied Material (GSAM)

作者： Chang, Yaowei Chen, Shuai Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Sch Automat Nanjing 210094 Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783038353140

When a missile runs under the complex situation such as high dynamic flying, receiver signal being blocked and so on, the GNSS receiver sometimes gets less than four satellites. For the loosely coupled system, the navigation accuracy will decrease over time. In this paper, tightly coupled integrated navigation system which is based on pseudo range and pseudo range rate dynamically adjusts the dimension of the system according to the number of visible satellites, in order to achieve seamlessly navigation;a multiple step optimum precision factor satellite selection algorithm is proposed, an error compensation method which is based on the state transition is designed and implemented. Experiments show that when the number of visible satellites changes, tightly coupled system can seamlessly switch, when more than four satellites are received, the multiple step optimum precision factor selection algorithm can provide a combination of high precision satellites, by applying the error compensation method to calibrating the system, high-precision navigation can be achieved.

关键词： Tightly coupled High dynamic selection algorithm Error compensation

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Machine Learning Approach to Segment Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Cells

Machine Learning Approach to Segment <i>Saccharomyces cerevi...

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International Conference on Advances in Biomedical Engineering (ICABME)

作者： Tleis, Mohamed Verbeek, Fons Leiden Univ LIACS Sect Imaging & BioInformat Leiden Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781467365161

In biological studies, Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells are used to study the behaviour of proteins. This is a time consuming and not completely objective process. Hence, image analysis platforms are developed to address these problems and to offer analysis per cell as well. The segmentation algorithms implemented in such platforms can segment the healthy cells, along with artefacts such as debris and dead cells that exist in the cultured medium. The novel idea in this work is to apply a machine learning approach to train the segmentation system in order to classify the healthy cell objects from the other objects. Such approach is based on the analysis of a set of relevant individual cell features extracted from the microscope images of yeast cells. These features include texture measurements and wavelet-based texture measurements, as well as moment invariant features. Those features were introduced to describe the intensity and morphology characteristics in a more sophisticated way. A set of classification systems, data sampling techniques, data normalization schemes and feature selection algorithms were tested and evaluated to build a classification model in order to be used within the segmentation module. The study picks the simple logistic classification model as the best approach to classify our dataset of 1380 cells. This system increases the performance level in our image and data analysis modules, improve the segmentation and consequently the analysis of the measurement results. This leads to a better pattern recognition system as well.

关键词： biological techniques biology computing cellular biophysics feature extraction image classification image segmentation image texture learning (artificial intelligence) microorganisms optical microscopy wavelet transforms S. cerevisiae cell segmentation Saccharomyces cerevisiae data analysis module data normalization schemes data sampling techniques feature selection algorithms image analysis module logistic classification model machine learning approach moment invariant features pattern recognition system segmentation system training wavelet based texture measurements yeast cell microscope images yeast cells Accuracy Biomedical measurement Image segmentation Logistics Machine learning algorithms Vegetation Saccharomyces cerevisiae image segmentation Pattern Recognition System biology computing cellular biophysics Machine learning algorithms Biological techniques image texture Image classification wavelet transforms Feature extraction Logistics optical microscopy biomedical measurement selection algorithm

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High-Definition Map Combined Local Motion Planning and Obstacle Avoidance for Autonomous Driving 30

High-Definition Map Combined Local Motion Planning and Obsta...

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30th IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)

作者： Jian, Zhiqiang Zhang, Songyi Chen, Shitao Lv, Xin Zheng, Nanning Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Dept Elect & Informat Engn Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728105604

Local motion planning plays an important role in an autonomous driving system. And applying mature local motion planning methods to real traffic scenarios with regular constraints is one of the keys to the applications of autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we present a local motion planning method combined with High-Definition (HD) maps. Through the HD map defined by OpenStreetMap, the local motion planner can obtain the prior knowledge of traffic scenarios and achieve path planning and optimization accordingly. In order to improve the safety and comfort of the obstacle avoiding process, we also propose an inertia-like path selection algorithm based on this planning method. We evaluated the proposed method on our designed autonomous driving experimental platform 'Pioneer' and participated in the 2018 Intelligent Vehicles Future Challenge. In the competition, the 'Pioneer' successfully completed all the races and won the championship without any manual intervention.

关键词： collision avoidance mobile robots optimisation road vehicles motion planning Collision avoidance road vehicles Mobile robots Obstacle avoidance Land transportation High definition Intelligent vehicles drive train selection algorithm Autonomous Vehicles maps Path planning

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Energy-Aware User Scheduling for Downlink Multiuser-MIMO Systems 25

Energy-Aware User Scheduling for Downlink Multiuser-MIMO Sys...

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25th IEEE Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communication (PIMRC)

作者： Rubio, Javier Pascual-Iserte, Antonio UPC Dept Signal Theory & Commun Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781479949120

In this paper we address the problem of designing a user selection algorithm in a multiuser multiple-input multiple-output downlink scenario. Linear precoding is adopted at the transmitter and, thus, the number of users to be served at each particular scheduling period is limited by the number of available transmit and receive antennas. The adopted scheduling criterion for the user selection is based on proportional fair criterion. The novelty relies on the fact that the users are considered to have a finite battery capacity and a harvesting source that allows them to recharge their batteries dynamically. The proposed user scheduler mechanism exploits not only the channel dynamics but also the battery fluctuations. We analyze how the intensity of the energy arrivals impacts the performance of the user scheduler. Simulations results show that the average long-term rates approach the requested quality of service if the scheduler controls the amount of energy that is being used by the terminals at each scheduling period.

关键词： scheduler program Quality of service multiple input multiple output systems Downlink Battery Capacity Consumers selection algorithm energy capacity Batteries Transmitters

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Spectrum and Energy Efficient Cognitive Relay for Spectrum Leasing

Spectrum and Energy Efficient Cognitive Relay for Spectrum L...

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IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS)

作者： Zhai, Chao Zhang, Wei Univ New S Wales Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467320542;9781467320528

In this paper, we propose a spectrum and energy efficient spectrum leasing scheme based on a two-path successive relay technique. The proposed scheme aims to minimize the primary energy consumption to support a primary target rate while maximizing the secondary rate under an energy budget. Two secondary users are employed to alternately forward the primary signal so as to reduce the transmission time and energy of the primary user. As a reward, after completing the primary signal transmission, the spectrum is leased to secondary users in the remaining time. A utility function that reflects the tradeoff between transmission rate and energy consumption is maximized to determine the optimal time and power allocation. A distributed secondary user selection algorithm is further proposed to select two best secondary users that maximize the utility and then serve as relays for primary system. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed spectrum leasing scheme significantly reduces the energy cost of primary user and improves the rate of secondary user compared to the conventional relay based spectrum leasing.

关键词： Spectra lease transmission time relay Energy costs selection algorithm primary energy consumption Energy efficiency Signal Transduction energy consumption power splitting tradeoffs

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Auto-Tuning Online POMDPs for Multi-Object Search in Uncertain Environments

Auto-Tuning Online POMDPs for Multi-Object Search in Uncerta...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition (AIAA SciTech)

作者： Wakayama, Shohei Ahmed, Nisar Univ Colorado Boulder CO 80303 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781624105951

ISBN: (纸本)9781624105951

Future exploration missions will require mobile robots to autonomously solve the challenging problem of searching for and localizing multiple objects of interest in uncertain environments. Such problems can be posed as partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs), which require approximations to obtain practically implementable policies for sequential decision making under uncertainty. Although online solvers such as Partially Observable Monte Carlo Planning (POMCP) have recently attracted much interest due to their fast anytime closed-loop capabilities, they require extensive hyperparameter tuning before implementation to achieve acceptable performance. However, in missions where robots cannot receive any external aid for long periods of time, they must be able to adjust and adapt hyperparameters to varying operating conditions and environmental contexts. In this paper, we cast this hyperparameter selection problem for search-tree based online solvers a Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB). Our contributions for this problem are as follows. First of all, we evaluate which existing MAB policy approximation strategies are suitable for this problem and examine the definition of utility function for MAB auto-tuning. Then, the performance of auto-tuning robot is evaluated in a simple baseline fully observable Markov Decision Process (MDP) single goal navigation problem using Monte Carlo Tree Search policy approximation. It is shown that the performance of the robot using auto-tuned MCTS planner is shown to be almost the same as the best theoretical performance produced by offline value iteration. Next, the auto-tuning robot is evaluated in a simulated fully observable multi-goal navigation problem in more complex environments, showing that the auto-tuning robot performs equally/better than an offline tuned fixed hyperparameter robot. Finally, the auto-tuning robot is evaluated in simulation for a multi-object search problem in uncertain environment where locations and nu

关键词： Mobile Robots Markov Decision Process Closed Loop selection algorithm Annealing Number of Particles Space Exploration Reinforcement Learning Value Function Probability Distribution

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Opportunistic and Partial Random Resource Reuse for Multiple D2D Communication in Cellular Networks 10

Opportunistic and Partial Random Resource Reuse for Multiple...

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10th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT) - Emerging Technologies for Connected Society

作者： Waswa, Abubaker Matovu Mwanje, Stephen Mueckenheim, Jens Mitschele-Thiel, Andreas Ilmenau Univ Technol Integrated Commun Syst Grp Ilmenau Germany Nokia Bell Labs Res Munich Germany Merseburg Univ Appl Sci Merseburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781538693605

The third generation partnership project (3GPP) initiative to integrate device-to-device (D2D) communication within the cellular networks is premised on the high spectral efficiency gains during spectrum sharing and user quality of service (QoS) guarantees. However, the intra-cell interference between D2D and cellular users during spectrum sharing must be controlled to realize these gains in the network. In this paper, we formulate and propose two novel algorithms for the selection of multiple D2D users allowed to share radio resources already scheduled by the base station (BS) for a given cellular user. All users (i.e. the cellular and selected D2D users) distributively determine their transmit power based on a fixed target signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Thereafter, the BS chooses suitable multiple D2D users that are allowed to share a given cellular user's radio resources using a distancebased selection criteria. Our results show increased total cell spectral efficiency with both algorithms while all users have better guarantees of achieving their QoS requirements with only one of the algorithms.

关键词： spectral efficiency selection algorithm D2D spectrum sharing and power control

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