The p-median facility location problem involves selecting the locations for p facilities from a set of potential locations, to balance the trade-off between facility establishment costs and distance to end users. In t...
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The p-median facility location problem involves selecting the locations for p facilities from a set of potential locations, to balance the trade-off between facility establishment costs and distance to end users. In this paper, we introduce an extension, named the p-median quadratic facility location problem, that also considers inter-facility distance-important in applications where the facilities serve as intermediate hubs linking sites in different regions. This creates a quadratic term in the objective that makes the problem nonlinear. We develop a Benders decomposition method that uses a tight semi-definite programming relaxation of the Benders master problem, instead of solving the nonlinear master problem directly. We incorporate this decomposition strategy into a branch and bound framework to ensure convergence. Our numerical results show that this method outperforms the linear reformulation and classical Benders decomposition techniques, working independently or in tandem.
We investigate a new deployment form of reflective intelligent surface (RIS), which aims at enhancing the quality of service of a main communication system in a target region, while without the need of changing its tr...
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We investigate a new deployment form of reflective intelligent surface (RIS), which aims at enhancing the quality of service of a main communication system in a target region, while without the need of changing its transmission protocol and scheme (i.e., the RIS is "transparent" to the main system). To this end, we mathematically formulate a coverage enhancement problem, where a RIS is used transparently in the sense that the BS can be unaware of its existence, while the minimum channel link strength, measured from every BS antenna to any point in the target region, can be maximized. The formulated problem is non-convex with mixed discrete-continuous variables. To tackle this challenge, we recast it into a convex feasibility problem via spatial sampling and semi-definite relaxation. Based on a derived analytical upper bound on the link strength difference between any two location points, we further characterize the coverage-similarity region of a given location, and accordingly propose an improved spatial sampling scheme for efficient implementation. Simulation results show that the proposed transparent RIS design achieves better coverage performance than benchmark schemes. More importantly, it can effectively improve the communication performance without affecting the transmission scheme originally adopted by the main communication system.
Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) with incomplete distance information represents a significant challenging inverse problem in computational geometry. This technique finds expensive applications in the fields of surface...
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Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) with incomplete distance information represents a significant challenging inverse problem in computational geometry. This technique finds expensive applications in the fields of surface, manifold, and cubicle reconstructions, and is also relevant in the context of social networks. While a majority of existing methodologies tend to provide accurate results primarily when the missing distance indices are chosen randomly or when the omission rate is below 50%, our research proposes an innovative approach. We present a robust MDS framework when distances to the k-nearest neighbors (kNN) are known, even in situations characterized by a high coherence of missing indices. Our proposed strategy starts with a local reconstruction phase based on local correlation. Subsequently, the global reconstruction phase is realized through two distinct models: one based on low-rank semi-definite programming (SDP) and the other rooted in a model utilizing the Frobenius norm. Throughout the global reconstruction, we incorporate the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and the Riemann gradient descent algorithm (RGrad). Numerical Simulations have demonstrated that for MDS from kNN distances, our proposed model and algorithm outperforms the existed SDP models in terms of the visual effect and error of Gram matrix. We further validate that our approach can reconstruct surfaces from as mere as 1% of kNN distances, which shows that the proposed model is robust to the high coherence of missing indices. Additionally, we propose another MDS model which is applicable from kNN distances with additive noise.
The hybrid precoding problem is considered a Frobenius norm reduction problem for the narrowband channel in a millimeter wave (mmWave) with multiple inputs and outputs (mmWave MIMO). This work proposes a hybrid distri...
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The hybrid precoding problem is considered a Frobenius norm reduction problem for the narrowband channel in a millimeter wave (mmWave) with multiple inputs and outputs (mmWave MIMO). This work proposes a hybrid distributed online and alternating convex optimization (HDO-ACO) algorithm to improve hybrid precoding (HP), interpreted as a trace minimization problem. HDO-ACO alternately determines the digital and analog precoders to reduce the trace by keeping the other constant. Initially, HDO-ACO uses Lagrange's method to determine the digital precoding subproblem. Then, it uses the integrated distributed online convex optimization and alternating minimization algorithm in the analog precoder design. In the HP method, the digital and analog precoders are iteratively updated until the highest number of iterations or convergence is reached. But this hybrid precoding method requires an initial analog precoding matrix input to begin the iteration. The algorithms converge gradually and fall into a suboptimal solution when the initial analog precoding matrix is set randomly. Hence, an initial value acceleration-based heuristic approach is used in the HDO-ACO alternating minimization algorithm that calculates the initial feasible value of an alternating minimization method using channel conditions. The simulation results of the proposed HDO-ACO algorithm are presented under bit error rate (BER), spectral efficiency (SE), and convergence behavior by comparing it with modified block coordinate descent-HP (MBCD-HP), manifold optimization-alternating minimization (MO-AltMin), and semi-definite relaxation-based alternating optimization (SDR-AO). The proposed HDO-ACO attains maximum SE and less BER than other hyper-precoding designs. A new hybrid distributed online and alternating convex optimization (HDO-ACO) algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of hybrid precoding (HP) by interpreting it as a trace minimization problem. The digital and analog decoding problems are solved us
Cooperative positioning in wireless networks has attracted great attention in recent years, as many applications require the exact location of all member nodes. The pairwise distance between the member nodes is conven...
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Cooperative positioning in wireless networks has attracted great attention in recent years, as many applications require the exact location of all member nodes. The pairwise distance between the member nodes is conventionally constructed as an Euclidean Distance Matrix (EDM) for subsequent location estimation. In this paper, we address the problem of cooperative positioning in complex propagation environments, which results in an incomplete EDM. We proposed an improved EDM recovery algorithm based on low tank matrix completion (LRMC), which makes use of the sensor correlation by Laplacian and trace minimization. In addition, we derive a semi-definite relaxation estimator to localize the unknown sensors. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm and the results show that the proposed method outperforms existing ones in both matrix completion and positioning accuracy.
As a symbol-level precoding scheme, constructive interference precoding (CIP) has been demonstrated its superiority in multi-antenna orthogonal multiple access (OMA). By utilizing both the channel state information (C...
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As a symbol-level precoding scheme, constructive interference precoding (CIP) has been demonstrated its superiority in multi-antenna orthogonal multiple access (OMA). By utilizing both the channel state information (CSI) and data symbols, harmful multi-user interference can be converted into useful reception power via the well-designed CIP. When CIP meets non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) whose bottleneck is usually at the weaker user, this paper is the first to propose CIP to enhance the downlink MISO-NOMA networks, by making the desired signal of the stronger user in a typical NOMA pair constructive to the weaker user. In our CIP-NOMA scheme, we properly design the CIP precoder for transmit power minimization at the base station (BS), subject to signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) requirements of NOMA users. We further derive its closed-form solutions with Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions, and optimally obtain the desired CIP precoders. Moreover, as compared to conventional NOMA schemes, we theoretically prove that once two NOMA users possess distinct channel gains, our optimized CIP-NOMA scheme always uses lower transmit power to reach the SINR thresholds. To be robust against the channel estimation errors, we extend our CIP-NOMA scheme to the scenario of imperfect CSI, by further addressing the hidden CSI errors. Specifically, we first introduce some auxiliary variables to separate the coupled vectors, and then use S-Procedure and semi-definite relaxation (SDR) to further transform them into convex ones. Extensive simulations verify that our CIP-NOMA scheme greatly outperforms the benchmarks with both perfect and imperfect CSI.
This letter proposes a hidden convexity-based method to address distributed optimal energy flow (OEF) problems for transmission-level integrated electricity-gas systems. First, we develop a node-wise decoupling method...
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This letter proposes a hidden convexity-based method to address distributed optimal energy flow (OEF) problems for transmission-level integrated electricity-gas systems. First, we develop a node-wise decoupling method to decompose an OEF problem into multiple OEF subproblems. Then, we propose a hidden convexity-based method to equivalently reformulate nonconvex OEF subproblems as semi-definite programs. This method differs from any approximation and convexification methods that may incur infeasible solutions. Since all OEF subproblems are originally convex or equivalently convexified, we adopt an ADMM to solve the hidden convexity-based distributed OEF problem with convergence analysis. Test results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
In this letter, we present a unified general non-strict Finsler lemma. This result is general in the sense that it does not impose any restrictions on the involved matrices and, thereby, it encompasses all existing no...
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In this letter, we present a unified general non-strict Finsler lemma. This result is general in the sense that it does not impose any restrictions on the involved matrices and, thereby, it encompasses all existing non-strict versions of Finsler's lemma that do impose such restrictions. To further illustrate its usefulness, we showcase applications of the non-strict Finsler's lemma in deriving a structured solution to a special case of the non-strict projection lemma, and we use the unified non-strict Finsler's lemma to prove a more general version of the matrix Finsler's lemma.
We present a generalized Farkas' Lemma for an inequality system involving distributions. This lemma establishes an equivalence between an infinite-dimensional system of moment inequalities and a semi-definite syst...
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We present a generalized Farkas' Lemma for an inequality system involving distributions. This lemma establishes an equivalence between an infinite-dimensional system of moment inequalities and a semi-definite system, assuming that the support for the distributions is a spectrahedron. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first extension of Farkas' Lemma to the distributional paradigm. Applying the new Lemma, we then establish no-gap duality results between a class of moment optimization problems and numerically tractable semi-definite programs.
The present paper proposes a new homogenization method in order to determine the in-plane strength domain of a single-wythe, running-bond masonry wall. Two approaches, one analytical and one numerical, relying on the ...
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The present paper proposes a new homogenization method in order to determine the in-plane strength domain of a single-wythe, running-bond masonry wall. Two approaches, one analytical and one numerical, relying on the limit analysis/yield design framework, are introduced. The main novelty of these two approaches is that they allow to take into account a finite strength for the blocks and the mortar, as well as a non-zero thickness for the joints, without any specific assumption on the state of stress or strain of the structure. For that purpose, 3D virtual failure mechanisms are considered. A comprehensive parametric study is performed, showing that in many cases, the analytical approach is as precise as the numerical one for a much lower computational cost. Finally, the strength domains obtained by the proposed approaches are compared to the results of an extensive experimental study on reduced-scale masonry wallettes available in the literature, showing a good agreement in the compression-compression range.
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