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sensing coverage for Wireless Sensor Networks in Shadowed Rician Fading Environments

WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第3期110卷 1109-1125页

作者： Katti, Anvesha Lobiyal, D. K. Jawaharlal Nehru Univ Sch Comp & Syst Sci New Delhi 110067 India

The effect of shadowing and multipath fading on sensing coverage has been studied in this paper. Rician fading is one of the most widely occurring type of multipath fading. We model the multipath fading by Rician random distribution under LOS propagation conditions with shadowing for the first time. We study the coverage aspect for wireless sensor network in the presence of shadowing and Rician fading. We find that the increasing standard deviation of shadowing and Rician fading has a profound negative impact on the sensing coverage. We note a decreasing trend in the sensing coverage with an increase in both shadowing and multipath Rician fading. The decrease of sensing coverage in our study is compared with the case of shadowing alone. Also, multiple deployment of nodes is demonstrated in which we observe a reduction in the no. of nodes required for sensing coverage.

关键词： sensing coverage Shadowing Rician fading Wireless sensor network

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Reactive Autonomous Navigation of UAVs for Dynamic sensing coverage of Mobile Ground Targets

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SENSORS 2020年第13期20卷 3720.-3720.页

作者： Huang, Hailong Savkin, Andrey V. Li, Xiaohui Univ New South Wales Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

This paper addresses a problem of autonomous navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for the surveillance of multiple moving ground targets. The ground can be flat or uneven. A reactive real-time sliding mode control algorithm is proposed that navigates a team of communicating UAVs, equipped with ground-facing video cameras, towards moving targets to increase some measure of sensing coverage of the targets by the UAVs. Moreover, the Voronoi partitioning technique is adopted to reduce the movement range of the UAVs and decrease the revisit times of the targets. Extensive computer simulations, from the simple case with one UAV and multiple targets to the complex case with multiple UAVs and multiple targets, are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the developed autonomous navigation algorithm. The scenarios where the terrain is uneven are also considered. As shown in the simulation results, although the additional VP technique leads to some extra computation burden, the usage of the VP technique considerably reduces the target revisit time compared to the algorithm without this technique.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicles navigation networks of drones reactive deployment surveillance and monitoring sensing coverage dynamic coverage autonomous systems

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Distributed self-deployment of mobile wireless 3D robotic sensor networks for complete sensing coverage and forming specific shapes

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ROBOTICA 2018年第1期36卷 1-18页

作者： Nazarzehi, Vali Savkin, Andrey V. Univ New South Wales Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

This paper addresses a problem of complete sensing coverage in 3D environments. We propose a distributed random algorithm to drive mobile robotic sensors on the vertices of a truncated octahedral grid for complete sensing coverage of a bounded 3D area. Furthermore, we develop a distributed algorithm for the self-deployment of mobile sensors to form a desired 3D geometric shape on the vertices of the truncated octahedral grid. These algorithms are developed based on some consensus rules that only rely on local information. The proposed algorithms utilize 3D grids for the coverage task. Several simulations are conducted to illustrate the validity of the proposed distributed sensing coverage and formation building algorithms for a mobile robotic sensor network. Also, we give mathematically rigorous proof of the convergence with probability 1 of our proposed algorithms.

关键词： Mobile robotic sensor networks Wireless sensor networks Distributed self-deployment Mobile robots sensing coverage coverage control

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A Self-Organized Reciprocal Decision Approach for sensing coverage with Multi-UAV Swarms

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SENSORS 2018年第6期18卷 1864-1864页

作者： Chen, Runfeng Xu, Ning Li, Jie Natl Univ Def Technol Coll Mechatron & Automat Changsha 410073 Hunan Peoples R China

This paper tackles the problem of sensing coverage for multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with an approach that takes into account the reciprocal between neighboring UAVs to reduce the oscillation of their trajectories. The proposed reciprocal decision approach, which is performed in three steps, is self-organized, distributed and autonomous. First, in contrast to the traditional method modeled and optimized in configuration space, the sensing coverage problem is directly presented as an optimal reciprocal coverage velocity (ORCV) in velocity space that is concise and effective. Second, the ORCV is determined by adjusting the action velocity out of weak coverage velocity relative to neighboring UAVs to demonstrate that the ORCV supports a collision-avoiding assembly. Third, a corresponding random probability method is proposed for determining the optimal velocity in the ORCV. The results from the simulation indicate that the proposed method has a high coverage rate, rapid convergence rate and low deadweight loss. In addition, for up to 10(3)-size UAVs, the proposed method has excellent scalability and collision-avoiding ability.

关键词： sensing coverage Unmanned Aerial Vehicles cooperative motion decentralized decision swarm intelligence

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The Impact of Anchor Misplacement on sensing coverage

The Impact of Anchor Misplacement on Sensing Coverage

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IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference

作者： Yaser Al Mtawa Hossam S. Hassanein Nidal Nasser School of Computing Queen's University College of Engineering Alfaisal University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467398152

The execution of sensing services within the Internet of Things (IoT) mandates considering IoT characteristics which include heterogeneity, scalability, dynamicity, randomness, and multiple ownership. In such environment new types of sensing coverage holes posed by anchor misplacement arise. The first type is actual coverage holes that have been falsely hidden and unreported. The second one is perceived coverage holes that have been falsely generated by anchor misplacement. These types have generally been overlooked in sensing coverage research. We study these types of coverage holes in the locality of the affected sensing objects. Then we calculate the ratio of the area of each coverage holes to the total area of coverage. We utilize Delaunay Triangulation (DT) to partition the sensing region into triangles. Then we apply the concept of history in graph theory to characterize the DT structure before and after anchor misplacement. We locally detect the intra-triangle coverage hole, determine its type, and then provide the ratio of the area of this hole to the total triangle area.

关键词： Anchor Misplacement Wireless Sensor Network Internet of Things Random Deployment sensing coverage Intra-triangle coverage Delaunay Triangulation History in Graph Theory

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coverage and Rate of Joint Communication and Parameter Estimation in Wireless Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2024年第1期70卷 206-243页

作者： Olson, Nicholas R. Andrews, Jeffrey G. Heath Jr, Robert W. Univ Texas Austin Dept Elect & Comp Engn 6G UT & WNCG Austin TX 78712 USA North Carolina State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Raleigh NC 27615 USA

From an information theoretic perspective, joint communication and sensing (JCAS) represents a natural generalization of communication network functionality. However, it requires the re-evaluation of network performance from a multi-objective perspective. We develop a novel mathematical framework for characterizing the sensing and communication coverage probability and ergodic rate in JCAS networks. We employ a formulation of sensing parameter estimation based on mutual information to extend the notions of coverage probability and ergodic rate to the radar setting. We define sensing coverage probability as the probability that the rate of information extracted about the parameters of interest associated with a typical radar target exceeds some threshold, and sensing ergodic rate as the spatial average of the aforementioned rate of information. Using this framework, we analyze the downlink sensing and communication coverage and rate of a mmWave JCAS network employing a shared waveform, directional beamforming, and monostatic sensing. Leveraging tools from stochastic geometry, we derive upper and lower bounds for these quantities. We also develop several general technical results including: i) a generic method for obtaining closed form upper and lower bounds on the Laplace Transform of a shot noise process, ii) a new analog of Holder's Inequality to the setting of harmonic means, and iii) a relation between the Laplace and Mellin Transforms of a non-negative random variable. We use the derived bounds to numerically investigate the performance of JCAS networks under varying base station and blockage density. Among several insights, our numerical analysis indicates that network densification improves sensing SINR performance - in contrast to communications.

关键词： Sensors Interference Radar Signal to noise ratio Radar detection Parameter estimation Stochastic processes Joint communication and sensing stochastic geometry coverage probability ergodic rate sensing coverage

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Achieving Asymmetric sensing coverage for Duty Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 2014年第12期25卷 3076-3087页

作者： Gu, Yu Cheng, Long Niu, Jianwei He, Tian Du, David Hung-Chang Singapore Univ Technol & Design Singapore Singapore Beihang Univ State Key Lab Virtual Real Technol & Syst Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn State Key Lab Virtual Real Technol & Syst Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Univ Minnesota Dept Comp Sci & Engn Minneapolis MN USA

As a key approach to achieve energy efficiency in sensor networks, sensing coverage has been studied extensively in the literature. Researchers have designed many coverage protocols to provide various kinds of service guarantees on the network lifetime, coverage ratio and detection delay. While these protocols are effective, they are not flexible enough to meet multiple design goals simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a unified sensing coverage architecture for duty cycled wireless sensor networks, called uSense, which features three novel ideas: Asymmetric Architecture, Generic Switching and Global Scheduling. We propose asymmetric architecture based on the conceptual separation of switching from scheduling. Switching is efficiently supported in sensor nodes, while scheduling is done in a separated computational entity, where multiple scheduling algorithms are supported. As an instance, we propose a two-level global coverage algorithm, called uScan. At the first level, coverage is scheduled to activate different portions of an area. We propose an optimal scheduling algorithm to minimize area breach. At the second level, sets of nodes are selected to cover active portions. Importantly, we show the feasibility to obtain optimal set-cover results in linear time if the layout of areas satisfies certain conditions. Through extensive testbed and simulation evaluations, we demonstrate that uSense is a promising architecture to support flexible and efficient coverage in sensor networks.

关键词： Architecture sensing coverage two-level scheduling sensor networks uSense uScan

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Optimal Drive-By sensing in Urban Road Networks With Large-Scale Ridesourcing Vehicles

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS 2024年第10期25卷 14389-14400页

作者： Guo, Shuocheng Qian, Xinwu Univ Alabama Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA Rice Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Houston TX 77401 USA

The sensing and monitoring of the urban road network contribute to the efficient operation of the urban transportation system and the functionality of urban systems. However, traditional sensing methods, such as inductive loop sensors, roadside cameras, and crowdsourcing data from massive urban travelers (e.g., Google Maps), are often hindered by high costs, limited coverage, and low reliability. This study explores the potential of drive-by sensing, an innovative approach that employs large-scale ridesourcing vehicles (RVs) for urban road network monitoring. We first evaluate RV sensing performance by coverage and reliability through historical road segment visits. Next, we propose an optimal trip-based RV rerouting model to maximize the sensing coverage and reliability while preserving the same level of service for the RVs' mobility service. Furthermore, a scalable column generation-based heuristic is designed to guide the cruising trajectory of RVs, assuming trip independence. The effectiveness of the proposed model is validated through experiments and sensitivity analyses using real-world RV trajectory data of over 20,000 vehicles in New York City. The optimized rerouting strategy has yielded significantly improved results, elevating explicit sensing coverage of the road network by 15.0% to 17.3% (varies by time of day) and achieving an impressive enhancement in sensing reliability by at least 24.6% compared to historical records. Expanding the path-searching space further improved sensing coverage of up to 4.5% and reliability of over 4.2%. Moreover, considering incentives for RV drivers, the enhanced sensing performance comes at a remarkably low cost of $0.10 per RV driver, highlighting its cost-effectiveness.

关键词： Drive-by sensing mobile crowdsensing ridesourcing sensing coverage sensing reliability

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Hybrid Worker Selection for Task coverage Maximization in Mobile Crowdsensing

Hybrid Worker Selection for Task Coverage Maximization in Mo...

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IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)

作者： Lv, Yi Chen, Xin He, Peng Cui, Yaping Wang, Ruyan Wu, Dapeng Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Commun & Informat Engn Chongqing Peoples R China Chongqing Educ Commiss China Adv Network & Intelligent Connect Technol Key Lab Chongqing Peoples R China Chongqing Key Lab Ubiquitous Sensing & Networking Chongqing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665491228

Mobile crowdsensing (MCS) has become an attractive issue in recent years. Most existing researches either select opportunistic sensing or participatory sensing for task execution, which will lead to the problem of restricted task locations or high cost. In this work, we propose a complementary hybrid worker selection method for MCS, where workers complete tasks in different sensing modes, namely opportunistic and participatory sensing. The proposed worker selection method contains two phases. In the opportunistic worker selection phase, an updated iterative algorithm is designed to select a low-cost and high-coverage opportunistic worker set. Specifically, when an opportunistic worker is selected, the algorithm will update the coverage of the remaining candidate opportunistic workers on the sensing task. In the participatory worker selection phase, we design an algorithm that combines group and match to solve the problem of restricted task locations. Specifically, we group the sensing tasks that opportunistic workers have failed to cover and recruit participatory workers to complete the sensing tasks in the groups. Experiments on a real dataset prove that the proposed method outperforms other benchmark methods.

关键词： Mobile crowdsensing sensing coverage worker selection hybrid approach

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Wall Matters: Rethinking the Effect of Wall for Wireless sensing

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACM ON INTERACTIVE MOBILE WEARABLE AND UBIQUITOUS TECHNOLOGIES-IMWUT 2023年第4期7卷 1-22页

作者： Xie, Binbin Cui, Minhao Ganesan, Deepak Xiong, Jie Univ Massachusetts Coll Informat & Comp Sci Amherst MA 01003 USA

Wireless sensing has demonstrated its potential of utilizing radio frequency (RF) signals to sense individuals and objects. Among different wireless signals, LoRa signal is particularly promising for through-wall sensing owing to its strong penetration capability. However, existing works view walls as a "bad" thing as they attenuate signal power and decrease the sensing coverage. In this paper, we show a counter-intuitive observation, i.e., walls can be used to increase the sensing coverage if the RF devices are placed properly with respect to walls. To fully understand the underlying principle behind this observation, we develop a through-wall sensing model to mathematically quantify the effect of walls. We further show that besides increasing the sensing coverage, we can also use the wall to help mitigate interference, which is one well-known issue in wireless sensing. We demonstrate the effect of wall through two representative applications, i.e., macro-level human walking sensing and micro-level human respiration monitoring. Comprehensive experiments show that by properly deploying the transmitter and receiver with respect to the wall, the coverage of human walking detection can be expanded by more than 160%. By leveraging the effect of wall to mitigate interference, we can sense the tiny respiration of target even in the presence of three interferers walking nearby.

关键词： Through-wall sensing sensing coverage Contact-free LoRa

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