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Frequency Domain Prediction of Tonal signals With Time-Varying Pitches

IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2025年 32卷 31-35页

作者： Guo, Ning Edler, Bernd Joint Inst Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnb Int Audio Labs Erlangen IIS D-91058 Erlangen Germany

In this letter, we propose an Extended Frequency Domain Joint Harmonics Prediction (EFDJHP) algorithm, which does long term prediction directly in the transform domain on tonal signals with time-varying pitches for transform speech and audio coding. EFDJHP is an algorithm extension of a previously proposed Frequency Domain Joint Harmonics Prediction (FDJHP) algorithm where a constant pitch between neighboring frames was assumed (Guo and Edler, 2021). A linearly changing pitch between adjacent frames is assumed in EFDJHP, where the linearity can be assumed to be local and updated across frames. EFDJHP works in a backward prediction fashion without additional algorithmic delay, and needs very few side information for the forward adaption of the predictor coefficients. Bitrate saving analysis and a listening test show that EFDJHP can improve the coding efficiency on tonal signals with frequent pitch variations such as singing voices and speech.

关键词： Harmonic analysis Transforms Time-frequency analysis Prediction algorithms Audio coding Speech coding signal processing algorithms Time-domain analysis Mathematical models Chirp Long term prediction time varying pitch audio coding FDJHP

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signal-Domain Fully Coherent Accurate Measurement and Tracking of High-Speed Target

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2025年 32卷 986-990页

作者： Zhou, Qinquan Wei, Shaopeng Zhang, Lei Sun Yat Sen Univ Sch Elect & Commun Engn Shenzhen 518107 Peoples R China China Univ Petr East China Coll Oceanog & Space Informat Qingdao 266580 Peoples R China

The high speed and maneuverability of the spacecraft make the traditional wideband tracking algorithms fail to achieve echo coherent recovery under low SNR, resulting in reduced tracking accuracy. This paper proposes a fully coherent accurate measurement and tracking method based on the multi-channel hypothesis to realize the fully coherent recovery of dechirp echo and Doppler phase disambiguation. The algorithm performs initialization estimation and designs the multi-channel hypothesis velocity ambiguity interval. Then, it traverses the interval to perform the fully coherent accurate measurement and tracking to obtain the motion state update, employed to echo coherent recovery. Finally, the N/M criterion is introduced to evaluate the envelope alignment of the recovered echoes and filter out the unambiguous velocity. Experiments demonstrate its remarkable performance in low SNR conditions.

关键词： Radar tracking Target tracking Accuracy signal to noise ratio Doppler effect Sea measurements signal processing algorithms Phase measurement Wideband Frequency-domain analysis Wideband radar high-speed target tracking Doppler phase disambiguation fully coherent recovery

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Extreme Point Pursuit-Part I: A Framework for Constant Modulus Optimization

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON signal processing 2024年 72卷 4541-4556页

作者： Liu, Junbin Liu, Ya Ma, Wing-Kin Shao, Mingjie So, Anthony Man-Cho Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Elect Engn Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Qingdao Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Syst Engn & Engn Management Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China

This study develops a framework for a class of constant modulus (CM) optimization problems, which covers binary constraints, discrete phase constraints, semi-orthogonal matrix constraints, non-negative semi-orthogonal matrix constraints, and several types of binary assignment constraints. Capitalizing on the basic principles of concave minimization and error bounds, we study a convex-constrained penalized formulation for general CM problems. The advantage of such formulation is that it allows us to leverage non-convex optimization techniques, such as the simple projected gradient method, to build algorithms. As the first part of this study, we explore the theory of this framework. We study conditions under which the formulation provides exact penalization results. We also examine computational aspects relating to the use of the projected gradient method for each type of CM constraint. Our study suggests that the proposed framework has a broad scope of applicability.

关键词： Vectors Optimization Minimization Principal component analysis signal processing algorithms Manifolds Gradient methods Constant modulus optimization non-convex optimization error bound densest subgraph problem PCA graph matching clustering ONMF

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Manifold Optimization for Distributed Phased-MIMO Radar Broad Beampattern Design

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2025年 32卷 1520-1524页

作者： Geng, Xueyin Wang, Jun Yang, Bin Li, Zihao Sun, Jinping Beihang Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Hangzhou Innovat Inst Hangzhou 310051 Peoples R China

This letter investigates the low-variance broad beampattern design method in distributed phased multiple-input multiple-output (phased-MIMO) radar. The constant modulus constraint across multiple subarrays results in a low-rank and nonconvex objective function, which is traditionally addressed by reformulating it into a solvable semidefinite program through convex relaxation. In contrast, we propose a Riemannian manifold-based method to directly address the low-rank problem without relaxation. The low-variance broad beampattern design is first transformed into an unconstrained quadratic form on a complex constant modulus manifold. Then, a Riemannian conjugate gradient descent (RCGD)-based optimization is proposed to solve the nonconvex objective function by deriving the gradient descent direction and adaptive step size. Numerical simulations demonstrate the superior performance in terms of computation speed and accuracy compared to the conventional methods.

关键词： Manifolds Vectors Radar antennas Training signal processing algorithms signal generators Search problems Optimization methods Linear programming Data mining Phased-MIMO radar Riemannian manifold optimization broad beampattern low variance

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Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a New Variable Latency Integer Division Scheme

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 2024年第7期73卷 1767-1779页

作者： Angioli, Marco Barbirotta, Marcello Cheikh, Abdallah Mastrandrea, Antonio Menichelli, Francesco Jamili, Saeid Olivieri, Mauro Sapienza Univ Rome Dept Informat Engn Elect & Telecommun DIET Rome 00184 Italy

Integer division is key for various applications and often represents the performance bottleneck due to its inherent mathematical properties that limit its parallelization. This paper presents a new data-dependent variable latency division algorithm derived from the classic non-performing restoring method. The proposed technique exploits the relationship between the number of leading zeros in the divisor and in the partial remainder to dynamically detect and skip those iterations that result in a simple left shift. While a similar principle has been exploited in previous works, the proposed approach outperforms existing variable latency divider schemes in average latency and power consumption. We detail the algorithm and its implementation in four variants, offering versatility for the specific application requirements. For each variant, we report the average latency evaluated with different benchmarks, and we analyze the synthesis results for both FPGA and ASIC deployment, reporting clock speed, average execution time, hardware resources, and energy consumption, compared with existing fixed and variable latency dividers.

关键词： Hardware Registers Clocks Field programmable gate arrays Benchmark testing Frequency conversion signal processing algorithms Variable-latency divider integer division high-speed arithmetic computer arithmetic real-time and embedded systems low-power design

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Parameter Estimation of Communication Radar Fusion System Based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Technology

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 39662-39677页

作者： Hu, Xiaoguang Zhang, Rui Cui, Junpeng Tianjin Sino German Univ Appl Sci Software & Commun Sch Tianjin 300350 Peoples R China

The development of communication and radar fusion systems is critical to enhancing sensor network security. However, in spectrum resource environments, the technology for processing fusion signals may face limitations due to multi-user access and interference issues. Traditional signal processing algorithms may also be influenced by waveform information. As a result, its implementation is limited in low-noise-ratio settings. Based on the advantages of multiple-input multiple-output technology in the field of communication and radar, in order to better ensure the non-interference between the communication and radar systems, the study introduces the orthogonal theory. It proposes a target detection and parameter estimation method based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology in the signal modulation domain. It utilizes sparse tensor theory to obtain low rank features of signals, transform the dimensions of target parameter problems, and solve tensor rank 1 approximation problems. This can better improve the performance of target parameter estimation. The simulation analysis of the proposed method shows that the average error values of the improved decomposition method in Doppler frequency shift estimation and angle estimation are close to 10-2 and 10-1 respectively. The system runs for less than 5 seconds, and its average target detection accuracy exceeds 96%. The proposed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technique can provide technical support for sensor networks in wireless communication and IOT networks, efficiently reducing computational complexity and interference among users. This can serve as a valuable reference for enhancing the security of communication radar fusion systems.

关键词： Radar OFDM Tensors Parameter estimation Doppler radar Radar antennas Greedy algorithms Communication systems Object detection signal processing algorithms Interference Image fusion Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology parameter estimation sparse tensor theory greedy CP decomposition target scenario

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Multiple-Time-Slot Multiple Access Binary Computation Offloading in the K-User Case

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON signal processing 2024年 72卷 3927-3944页

作者： Liu, Xiaomeng Davidson, Timothy N. McMaster Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Hamilton ON L8S 4K1 Canada

When multiple devices seek to offload computational tasks to their access point, the nature of the multiple access scheme plays a critical role in the system performance. For a system with heterogeneous tasks, we adopt a time-slotted signaling architecture in which different numbers of devices transmit in each slot, subject to individual power constraints. We consider the problem of jointly selecting the devices that will offload, along with optimizing their communication resources (their powers and rates in each time slot, and the time slot lengths) so as to minimize the a weighted sum of the energy expended by the devices. We employ a customized tree search algorithm for the offloading decisions in which a resource allocation problem is solved at each node. For time-division multiple access (TDMA) and "rate optimal" multiple access, we obtain reduced-dimension convex formulations of the resource allocation problem. For non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with independent decoding (ID) or fixed-order sequential decoding (FOSD) we show that the resource allocation problem has a difference-of-convex structure and we develop a successive convex approximation algorithm with feasible point pursuit. Furthermore, for the FOSD scheme we obtain a closed-form expression that provides the optimal decoding order when it is feasible, and efficient algorithms for finding a good decoding order when it is not. Our results capture the inherent tradeoffs between the complexity of a multiple access scheme (and its resource allocation algorithm), and its performance in the computation offloading application.

关键词： Resource management Decoding Task analysis signal processing algorithms Time division multiple access Performance evaluation NOMA Mobile edge computing computation offloading multiple access resource allocation

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Contextual Direct Position Determination for Path Loss Informed Localization

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2025年 32卷 1241-1245页

作者： Zhao, Licheng Pu, Wenqiang Zhou, Rui You, Ming-Yi Shi, Qingjiang Shenzhen Res Inst Big Data Shenzhen 518172 Peoples R China Natl Key Lab Electromagnet Space Secur Jiaxing 314033 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Sch Software Engn Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China

In this letter, we look into the emitter localization task within the Direct Position Determination (DPD) paradigm. This paradigm is by essence a largest eigenvalue problem which treats the channel attenuation variables as free parameters. We consider the channel fading physical rule on electromagnetic signal propagation and reformulate the traditional DPD problem with a channel contextual prior. Thereafter, we develop iterative optimization algorithms based on the majorization-minimization (MM) framework. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms outperform the traditional DPD estimators with better localization performance.

关键词： Receivers Location awareness Optimization Minimization Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions signal processing algorithms Electromagnetics Discrete Fourier transforms Indexes Fading channels Emitter localization direct position determina- tion channel contextual prior majorization-minimization

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Pseudo-Incremental Normalized Quantity-Based Phase Selection Method for Systems With Conventional and Inverter-Based Resources

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY 2025年第2期40卷 1227-1230页

作者： Lopes, Felipe V. Davi, Moises J. B. B. Leite Jr, E. J. S. Reis, Raphael L. A. Silva, Kleber M. Zat, Guilherme Oleskovicz, Mario Univ Fed Paraiba Dept Elect Engn BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa Brazil Univ Fed Paraiba Dept Renewable Energy Engn BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Dept Elect & Comp Engn BR-05508220 Sao Paulo Brazil Itaipu Parquetec BR-85867900 Foz Do Iguacu Brazil Univ Brasilia Dept Elect Engn BR-70910900 Brasilia Brazil

This letter proposes a settings-free Pseudo-Incremental Normalized (PIN) quantity-based phase selection method, which is suitable for systems with conventional and inverter-based resources (IBRs). The proposed solution process voltage and current PIN components in the same way, being flexible for applications in weak and strong terminals. The proposed method is initially evaluated by means of PSCAD simulations with the aim to compare it against five other competing solutions. Then, real-world records are used to validate the proposed method application in actual fault scenarios. In both evaluation stages, faults on lines that interconnect IBRs to synchronous generator-dominated grids are considered, allowing to assess the proposed solution under the influence of conventional generations and IBRs. The obtained results attest that the proposed phase selection method is robust, flexible and reliable, being promising for systems with conventional generations and/or IBRs.

关键词： Pins Voltage PSCAD Monitoring Sensitivity Protection Fault location signal processing algorithms Power grids Electrical engineering Fault diagnosis incremental component inverter-based resources phase selection power systems

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A Projectile signal Recognize Algorithm Using Variational Mode Decomposition and Wavelet Mode Maximum Fusion in Sky Screen Sensor and Its Application

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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2024年第24期24卷 40648-40658页

作者： Li, Hanshan Zhang, Xiaoqian Gao, Junchai Xian Technol Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Xian 710021 Peoples R China

To improve the measurement accuracy of projectile velocity and the recognition rate of projectile signal in the projectile's velocity test system, this article proposes a projectile signal recognize algorithm using variational mode decomposition (VMD) and wavelet mode maximum fusion to obtain the real information of the projectile that passes through the detection screen of the sky screen. We establish the calculation model of the output signal of the sky screen. Based on the basic theory of VMD and wavelet mode maximum, we provide a solving method of VMD variables, and the projectile signal recognition method and time extraction algorithm by VMD and wavelet mode maximum fusion. We apply the proposed recognition algorithm to the projectile velocity test system with double parallel detection screen that was constructed using sky screen. Through experimental testing, the results show that the proposed algorithm can accurately identify the projectile's information and accurately determine the projectile's time information in the projectile's velocity test system, and the measurement accuracy of projectile flight velocity is less than 0.1% by comparing with other methods.

关键词： Projectiles Sensors Velocity measurement signal processing algorithms signal to noise ratio Photoconductivity Accuracy Time measurement Lenses Interference Projectile information recognition sky screen time extraction variational mode decomposition (VMD) wavelet mode maximum

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