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Gridless Maximum Likelihood One-Bit Direct Position Determination

IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2024年 31卷 3099-3103页

作者： Li, Pan Li, Jianfeng Zhang, Xiaofei Wu, Qihui Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Key Lab Dynam Cognit Syst Electromagnet Spectrum S Minist Ind & Informat Technol Nanjing 211106 Peoples R China

Direct position determination (DPD) (a.k.a. direct localization) offers enhanced precision over traditional two-step approaches. This technique, however, involves considerable communication overhead for transmitting raw data. Low-bit direct localization methods have recently been introduced to address this issue. In this letter, we present a gridless, one-bit maximum likelihood (ML) approach for the direct localization of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal source. A recent majorization-minimization (MM) algorithm introduced a surrogate function for the log-likelihood function, which lacks a closed-form optimal solution and requires exhaustive searches at each iteration. Our method improves upon this algorithm by developing a refined surrogate function that yields a closed-form optimal solution, thereby eliminating the need for exhaustive searches. Accordingly, the proposed MM approach can eliminate grid quantization errors (GQE) by eliminating the search process. Simulation results validate the proposed method's efficacy in mitigating GQE and its efficiency in scenarios with densely populated search grids.

关键词： Location awareness OFDM Quantization (signal) signal processing algorithms Maximum likelihood estimation Closed-form solutions Base stations Minimization Upper bound Time measurement Direct position determination majorization-minimization one-bit quantization maximum likelihood estimation localization

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A Method for Generating Pseudo-Polarization Images

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2024年 31卷 3030-3033页

作者： Li, Shiyu Gao, Meijing Fan, Xiangrui Bai, Yang Yan, Yonghao Yanshan Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Qinhuangdao 066004 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Sch Integrated Circuits & Elect Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Beijing Aerosp Automat Control Res Inst Beijing 100039 Peoples R China

This letter proposes an algorithm to generate pseudo-polarization images under situations with limited polarization image samples. The algorithm is inspired by the principle of polarimetric imaging with DoFP and utilizes a specially designed 2x2 pseudo-polarization filter to generate two sets of orthogonal pseudo-polarization images. Furthermore, the Gaussian filter layering and image gradient-based feature search method are employed for the simulated generation of polarization features for both specular and diffuse reflections. Experiment results indicate high correspondence between the generated pseudo-polarization and real polarization images. The method effectively simulates polarization images acquired by the DoFP polarimeter under different conditions.

关键词： Imaging signal processing algorithms Reflection Image synthesis Azimuth Indexes Estimation Fans Real-time systems Lighting Polarization imaging pseudo polarization image filtering gradient estimation

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Gram Matrix Completion for Cooperative Localization in Partially Connected Wireless Sensor Network

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2024年 31卷 939-943页

作者： Jiang, Peiyue Zhuang, Zehong Xie, Wei South China Univ Technol Coll Automat Sci & Engn Guangzhou 510641 Peoples R China Southern Univ Sci & Technol Dept Mech & Energy Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

The performance of cooperative localization can be degraded in the partially connected wireless sensor network (WSN). In this letter, we address the localization problem based on the incomplete distance information. By considering the input of distance-based localization algorithms, we proposed a novel Gram matrix completion method. With the function of Gram matrix, we indirectly represent the measurement of Gram matrix by the Euclidean distance matrix (EDM). The recovered Gram matrix can directly used for multidimensional scaling (MDS) or semi-definite programming (SDP) to localize the nodes. Then we present the procedure of MDS and rigid transformation estimation to localize the nodes. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated compared with low rank matrix completion and positioning algorithms.

关键词： Location awareness Matrix decomposition Wireless sensor networks Transmission line matrix methods signal processing algorithms Minimization Linear matrix inequalities Cooperative localization gram matrix low rank matrix completion (LRMC) multidimensional scaling (MDS) semi-definite programming (SDP)

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Enabling Model-Based Design for Real-Time Spike Detection

IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY

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IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2025年 6卷 312-319页

作者： Di Florio, Mattia Bornat, Yannick Care, Marta Cota, Vinicius Rosa Buccelli, Stefano Chiappalone, Michela Univ Genoa Dept Informat Bioengn Robot Syst Engn DIBRIS I-16145 Genoa Italy Univ Bordeaux Lab Integrat Mat Syst IMS Bordeaux INP CNRS UMR 5218 F-33405 Talence France IRCCS Osped Policlin San Martino I-16132 Genoa Italy Ist Italiano Tecnol Rehab Technol Lab I-16163 Genoa Italy

Goal: This study addresses the inherent difficulties in the creation of neuroengineering devices for real-time neural signal processing, a task typically characterized by intricate and technically demanding processes. Beneath the substantial hardware advancements in neurotechnology, there is often rather complex low-level code that poses challenges in terms of development, documentation, and long-term maintenance. Methods: We adopted an alternative strategy centered on Model-Based Design (MBD) to simplify the creation of neuroengineering systems and reduce the entry barriers. MBD offers distinct advantages by streamlining the design workflow, from modelling to implementation, thus facilitating the development of intricate systems. A spike detection algorithm has been implemented on a commercially available system based on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) that combines neural probe electronics with configurable integrated circuit. The entire process of data handling and data processing was performed within the Simulink environment, with subsequent generation of hardware description language (HDL) code tailored to the FPGA hardware. Results: The validation was conducted through in vivo experiments involving six animals and demonstrated the capability of our MBD-based real time processing (latency <= 100.37 s) to achieve the same performances of offline spike detection. Conclusions: This methodology can have a significant impact in the development of neuroengineering systems by speeding up the prototyping of various system architectures. We have made all project code files open source, thereby providing free access to fellow scientists interested in the development of neuroengineering systems.

关键词： Hardware design languages Software packages Codes Field programmable gate arrays Computer architecture Hardware signal processing algorithms Neural engineering signal processing Computational modeling in vivo experiments HDL coder Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) neuroengineering

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Laguerre Kernel Adaptive Filter With Arctangent Criterion for Nonlinear System Identification

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2024年 31卷 2085-2089页

作者： Zhu, Yingying Zhao, Haiquan Christensen, Mads Graesboll Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Elect Engn Chengdu 610031 Peoples R China Aalborg Univ Audio Anal Lab DK-9000 Aalborg Denmark

Kernel adaptive filters (KAF) have emerged as a prominent method for nonlinear system identification (NSI). However, the KAF becomes computationally intensive as the input signal grows. In complex systems, traditional KAF with a unit time-delay structure may struggle with insufficient control capability. Moreover, KAFs adapted to second-order statistics can be susceptible to non-Gaussian noise. In this letter, we introduce the Laguerre kernel adaptive filter (LKAF) for NSI, using a block-oriented nonlinear model. The LKAF leverages the Laguerre series to approximate the linear block, benefiting from infinite impulse response (IIR) characteristics and a simple feedforward structure. To address non-Gaussian noise, the LKAF employs an arctangent (AT) criterion. This integration leads to the development of the Laguerre kernel arctangent least mean square (L-KATLMS) algorithm and its variations, which utilize random Fourier approximation. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed algorithms for NSI.

关键词： Kernel Filters Noise Adaptive filters signal processing algorithms Finite impulse response filters Nonlinear systems Arctangent criterion impulsive noise kernel adaptive filter Laguerre tap-delay line nonlinear system identification random Fourier feature recursive least square

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An Efficient Outlier Rejection Algorithm for Point Cloud Registration

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2024年 31卷 1775-1779页

作者： Xiang, Siyi Guo, Shiyi Wei, Hao Liu, Bingxi Zhang, Dabo Liaoning Univ Coll Informat Shenyang 110036 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat State Key Lab Multimodal Artificial Intelligence S Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Shenzhen Peoples R China

Point cloud registration plays an important role in many applications of computer vision and robotics. Outlier rejection is an essential step in this task. In this letter, we propose an efficient hand-crafted outlier rejection algorithm for point cloud registration. The proposed method includes four modules: seed selection, consensus set construction and sampling, transformation matrix calculation, and hypothesis selection. Particularly, we propose a novel seed selection module based on the addition of elements in the Spatial Consistency (SC) matrix and a new noise suppression strategy in constructing consensus sets. Experimental results on various datasets show that the proposed algorithm presents superior performance over the previous hand-crafted methods.

关键词： Point cloud compression Feature extraction Accuracy signal processing algorithms Noise Noise reduction Matrix decomposition Outlier rejection point cloud registration hand-crafted algorithm 3D feature spatial consistency

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A New Design of Low Hardware Cost and Low Power Programmable FIR Filters

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 2024年第4期71卷 2314-2318页

作者： Fu, Zongpei Ye, Wenbin Shenzhen Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China

Programmable Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters (Proakis et al., 2007) are widely used in various fields such as communication, radio, audio, and signal processing. The Reconfigurable Multiple Constant Multiplication (RMCM) modules are commonly employed to design programmable FIR filters. In this brief, we propose a novel RMCM optimization algorithm to optimize the hardware cost and power consumption of the RMCM module which means lower chip area and lower operating power consumption. In order to reduce the overall search space, a segmented analysis method that divided the global search space into several sub-search spaces is first proposed. In addition, we introduce a novel necessity-first search algorithm for each sub-search space, which can optimize the structures of the multiplexers and shifters in the RMCM module simultaneously. The benchmark filters examples show that the proposed method can reduce the hardware cost and power consumption by at least 13.04% and 2.74% compared with the existing state-of-art methods.

关键词： Optimization Finite impulse response filters Hardware Optimized production technology Adders Costs signal processing algorithms Programmable FIR filter reconfigurable MCM optimization ASIC

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The Proximal Operator of the Piece-Wise Exponential Function

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2024年 31卷 894-898页

作者： Liu, Yulan Zhou, Yuyang Lin, Rongrong Guangdong Univ Technol Sch Math & Stat Guangzhou 510520 Peoples R China

This letter characterizes the proximal operator of the piece-wise exponential function $1\!-\!e{-|x|/\sigma }$ with a given shape parameter $\sigma \!>\!0$, which is a popular non-convex surrogate of the $\ell _{0}... 详细信息

This letter characterizes the proximal operator of the piece-wise exponential function $1\!-\!e<^>{-|x|/\sigma }$ with a given shape parameter $\sigma \!>\!0$, which is a popular non-convex surrogate of the $\ell _processing$-norm in support vector machines, compressed sensing, neural networks, etc. Although Malek-Mohammadi et al. [IEEE Transactions on signal processing, and 64(21):5657-5671, 2016] once worked on this problem, the expressions they derived were regrettably inaccurate. In a sense, it was lacking a case. Using the Lambert W function and an extensive study of the piece-wise exponential function, we have rectified the formulation of the proximal operator of the piece-wise exponential function in light of their work. We have also undertaken a thorough analysis of this operator. A comparative analysis of eleven sparse-promoting functions in compressed sensing demonstrates the effectiveness and efficiency of the piece-wise exponential function.

关键词： Optimization Compressed sensing signal processing algorithms Vectors Mathematical models Shape Neural networks Lambert W function piece-wise exponential penalty proximal operator

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An High Efficiency Angle and Range Estimation Method for Three-Dimensional Near-Field Sources Based on Higher-Order Cumulants

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IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2024年第10期13卷 2857-2861页

作者： Deng, Zhongliang Ma, Ziyao Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Elect Engn Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

In this letter, we propose a new method to estimate the pitch angle, azimuth angle and range of 3D near-field sources. The signal reception model of the 3D near-field sources is established, the range parameter is eliminated by constructing a fourth-order non-Hermite cumulant matrix. We use the Lagrange multiplier method to reduce the two-dimensional angle search to a one-dimensional angle search problem, and use the Multiple signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm to finely estimate the azimuth and elevation *** fourth-order cumulant matrix enriched with the range parameter is constructed and searched for the distance. Compared with other algorithms based on higher-order cumulants, this algorithm effectively reduces the dimension of the fourth-order cumulant matrix and reduces the computational complexity. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： Transmission line matrix methods Estimation Azimuth Search problems Multiple signal classification Matrix decomposition signal processing algorithms High-order cumulants near-field uniform planar array MUSIC

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An Iterative Motion Compensation Algorithm for Synthetic Aperture Passive Positioning

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IEEE signal processing LETTERS 2024年 31卷 2680-2684页

作者： Zhang, Yuan Bu, Xiangxi Ge, Xuyang Xin, Jihao Liang, Xingdong Chinese Acad Sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst Natl Key Lab Microwave Imaging Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Elect Elect & Commun Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Synthetic aperture passive positioning (SAPP) has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of single-station passive positioning. Except for the acoustic band, almost all research in the microwave band only focuses on the spaceborne scenarios. In this paper, we attempt to extend SAPP to more scenarios, such as airborne and vehicle-mounted applications, and introduce the motion error problem. The difficulty is that, different from the problem of SAR motion compensation, the target area of passive positioning is unknown, and the compensation matrix cannot be calculated directly. We propose an iterative motion compensation (IMC) algorithm to solve it. Both simulation and vehicle experiment results verify the effectiveness of the IMC algorithm. The results show that IMC improves the positioning accuracy by two orders of magnitude in the presence of motion error and exhibits strong convergence.

关键词： Motion compensation signal processing algorithms Convergence Trajectory Iterative algorithms Accuracy Matched filters Passive positioning synthetic aperture iterative motion compensation

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