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22nd IEEE International Conference on Business Informatics (CBI)

作者： Holgeid, Knut Kjetil Stray, Viktoria Univ Oslo Dept Informat Oslo Norway Univ Oslo Dept Informat SINTEF Oslo Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9781728199269

A vast amount of resources is wasted on software projects delivering less than the planned benefits. The objective of this paper is to investigate the tendency to continue a project even when it is evident that it will not provide the expected benefits, often referred to as "project escalation" or "escalation of commitment." We aim to identify factors that empirically have been found to promote software project escalation. We examined 1376 papers related to the phenomenon of escalating commitment to software projects and found that 44 of them included relevant empirical research. After reviewing these papers, we synthesized the results. We provide an overview of 46 factors that have been found to promote software project escalation. Thirteen of the factors were project-related, 20 were psychological factors, nine were social factors, and four were structural factors related to the project's contextual dimensions. We contribute to practice by systemizing empirical evidence of software project escalation that can be of help in avoiding it in the first place and uncovering already escalated situations. As most studies are investigations of only a few factors, we propose further research to study how factors potentially interplay as they contribute to escalation of software projects.

关键词： Risk management software engineering process Escalation of commitment De-escalation

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process Inspection Support: an Industrial Case Study

Process Inspection Support: an Industrial Case Study

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IEEE/ACM International Conference on software and System processes (ICSSP)

作者： Mayr-Dorn, Christoph Tuder, Johann Egyed, Alexander Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Inst Software Syst Engn Linz Austria ACME Linz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781450375122

Organizational factors such as team structure, coordination among engineers, or processes have a significant impact on software quality and development progress. Projects often take much longer to complete than planned and miscommunications among engineers are common. Yet, the process for exploring the project-specific or organization-specific root causes why this happens is still poorly supported. Investigations are cumbersome and require significant effort. In the context of this industrial case study, our industry partner was interested in measuring and assessing how the organization structure and issue handling processes ultimately affected software quality and time. Reducing the effort of such investigations/retrospectives and speeding up fact finding is important as it allows for more frequent, informed engineering process improvements and feedback to managers, team leads, and engineers. This paper describes our approach of pairing process metrics with visual historical inspection of issues. Stakeholders such as managers, team leads, or quality assurance engineers inspect metrics (and deviations from expected values) for individual issues and utilize a historical visualization of the affected (and related) issues to obtain insights into the reason for the metric (deviation) and its root cause. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach based on our processInspector prototype providing access to data on four real industry projects and a qualitative evaluation with team leads and group leads from our industry partner.

关键词： issue organizational structure software engineering process metrics prototype JIRA history visualization

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Developing a Convenient and Fast to Deploy Simulation Environment for Cyber-Physical Systems 38

Developing a Convenient and Fast to Deploy Simulation Enviro...

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38th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)

作者： Gries, Stefan Meyer, Ole Ollesch, Julius Wessling, Florian Hesenius, Marc Gruhn, Volker Univ Duisburg Essen Paluno Duisburg Germany IBM Deutschland GmbH Armonk NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538668719

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are interconnected systems, that adapt to their environment They are quite challenging to engineer and to test, because the its interconnected and networked structures changes at runtime. Dependencies and influencing between nodes in the network might be difficult to test, because there are many hidden impacts on not directly connected nodes. In this paper, we present our experimentation environment which we use to simulate different CPSs. The focus of the development of this environment is to be able to rapidly generate, deploy and change software and network connections within the CPS and to observe resulting impacts on the network.

关键词： cyber-physical systems CPS software engineering process simulation airquafity

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Sixty Years of software Development Life Cycle Models

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IEEE ANNALS OF THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING 2017年第3期39卷 41-54页

作者： Kneuper, Ralf Int Univ Appl Sci IUBH Qual Management & Proc Improvement Bad Honnef Germany Int Univ Appl Sci IUBH Business Informat Bad Honnef Germany

Sixty years ago, in 1956, the first explicit representation of a software development life cycle model was presented by Herbert Benington. Since then, software development life cycle models have come a long way, and t... 详细信息

关键词： Encoding Feedback loop History life cycle Product life cycle management Production processes software development software engineering software engineering process software process models software/software engineer Testing

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Deep Learning in Automotive software

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IEEE software 2017年第3期34卷 56-63页

作者： Falcini, Fabio Lami, Giuseppe Costanza, Alessandra Mitidieri Natl Res Council Italy Informat Sci & Technol Inst Rome Italy

Deep learning is becoming crucial to the development of automotive software for applications such as autonomous driving. Researchers have devised a framework that supports a robust, disciplined development lifecycle f... 详细信息

关键词： Automotive engineering Intelligent Transportation Systems Learning Artificial Intelligence Neural Nets software process Improvement software process Improvement And Capability Determination Automotive software engineering Automotive SPICE Development Lifecycle software Development Ad Hoc Training Data DNN Training Data Intensive Deep Neural Network Training Deep Learning Deep Leanring Machine Learning software Development Biological Neural Networks Artificial Neural Networks Automotive Electronics Artificial Neural Networks Neural Networks Deep Neural Networks AN Ns W Model V Model Automotive SPICE ISO 26262 ISO AWI PAS 21448 software engineering process software engineering Vision And Scene Understanding Computer Vision Artificial Intelligence Computing Methodologies Standards software Development

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Are the Old Days Gone? A Survey on Actual software engineering processes in Video Game Industry 5

Are the Old Days Gone? A Survey on Actual Software Engineeri...

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5th IEEE/ACM ICSE International Workshop on Games and software engineering (GAS)

作者： Politowski, Cristiano Fontoura, Lisandra Petrillo, Fabio Gueheneuc, Yann-Gael Univ Fed Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil Ecole Polytech Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450341608

In the past 10 years, several researches studied video game development process who proposed approaches to improve the way how games are developed. These approaches usually adopt agile methodologies because of claims that traditional practices and the waterfall process are gone. However, are the "old days" really gone in the game industry? In this paper, we present a survey of software engineering processes in video game industry from postmortem project analyses. We analyzed 20 postmortems from Gamasutra Portal. We extracted their processes and modelled them through using the Business process Model and Notation (BPMN). This work presents three main contributions. First, a postmortem analysis methodology to identify and extract project processes. Second, the study main result: the "old days" are gone, but not completely. Iterative practices are increasing and are applied to at least 65% of projects in which 45% of this projects explicitly adopted Agile practices. However, waterfall process is still applied at least 30% of projects. Finally, we discuss some implications, directions and opportunities for video game development community.

关键词： software engineering process Game development Postmortem Survey

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No silver brick: Opportunities and limitations of teaching Scrum with Lego workshops

No silver brick: Opportunities and limitations of teaching S...

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Journal of Systems and software

作者： Steghöfer, Jan-Philipp Burden, Håkan Alahyari, Hiva Haneberg, Dominik Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers | University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden RISE Viktoria Gothenburg Sweden Institute for Software & Systems Engineering at the University of Augsburg Germany

Education in software engineering has to both teach technical content such as databases and programming but also organisational skills such as team work and project management. While the former can be evaluated from a product perspective, the latter are usually embedded in a software engineering process and need to be assessed and adapted throughout their implementation. The in-action property of processes puts a strain on teachers since we cannot be present throughout the students’ work. To address this challenge we have adopted workshops to teach Scrum by building a Lego city in short sprints to focus on the methodological content. In this way we can be present throughout the process and coach the students. We have applied the exercise in six different courses, across five different educational programmes and observed more than 450 participating students. In this paper, we report on our experiences with this approach, based on quantitative data from the students and qualitative data from both students and teachers. We give recommendations for learning opportunities and best practices and discuss the limitations of these workshops in a classroom setting. We also report on how the students transferred their methodological knowledge to software development projects in an academic setting. © 2017

关键词： Students engineering education Human resource management Project management Silver software design software engineering Teaching Agile software engineering Classroom settings Educational programmes Learning opportunity Methodological knowledge Scrum software development projects software engineering process

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Knowledge-oriented software engineering process in a multi-cultural context

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software QUALITY JOURNAL 2010年第2期18卷 299-319页

作者： Jaakkola, Hannu Heimburger, Anneli Linna, Petri Tampere Univ Technol FIN-33101 Tampere Finland Univ Jyvaskyla Jyvaskyla Finland

In software engineering, leading trends can be detected that will affect the characteristic features of a product and its development process. On a product level, the growth of size and complexity is apparent-but on the one hand only. On the other hand, there is also a growing demand for simple and reasonable small software products executed by handheld terminals and smartphones;these applications are in many cases expected to collaborate with databases over the Internet. In addition, different kinds of service concepts (ASP, SaaS) are becoming recognized alternatives to the traditional way of buying software. Increasingly, software products are also distributed in a wide geographical scope to users with different cultural backgrounds and expectations. In software engineering work, as a consequence of this growth in size and complexity, the development work is more and more often distributed. The software business itself is becoming global because of acquisitions, offshoring, and international subcontracting. The globalization of work sets new requirements to the engineering processes: in international teams the organisational and cultural differences of the development subteams have to be recognized. In this paper, the focus is on the software development and its global dimension-especially the roles of multi-cultural and cross-organizational issues in software engineering. Our paper presents the results of the first phase of our three phases research project related to "Culture-Aware software engineering." The main result of the first phase is the multi-cultural software engineering working model introduced in our paper. Culture is seen as one example of the context, i.e. the situation at hand. The concept of culture has also different meanings, which have to be understood in well-organized software engineering. software engineering work is analyzed as a knowledge creation process, in which both explicit and tacit knowledge are recognized and the transformation be

关键词： software engineering process Context Culture Knowledge

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The Role of Ethnographic Studies in Empirical software engineering

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON software engineering 2016年第8期42卷 786-804页

作者： Sharp, Helen Dittrich, Yvonne de Souza, Cleidson R. B. Open Univ Walton Hall Milton Keynes MK7 6AA Bucks England IT Univ Copenhagen Software & Syst Sect Rued Langgaards Vej 7 DK-2300 Copenhagen S Denmark Vale Inst Technol Tv Boaventura da Silva 955 BR-66055090 Belem Para Brazil Fed Univ Para Tv Boaventura da Silva 955 BR-66055090 Belem Para Brazil

Ethnography is a qualitative research method used to study people and cultures. It is largely adopted in disciplines outside software engineering, including different areas of computer science. Ethnography can provide an in-depth understanding of the socio-technological realities surrounding everyday software development practice, i.e., it can help to uncover not only what practitioners do, but also why they do it. Despite its potential, ethnography has not been widely adopted by empirical software engineering researchers, and receives little attention in the related literature. The main goal of this paper is to explain how empirical software engineering researchers would benefit from adopting ethnography. This is achieved by explicating four roles that ethnography can play in furthering the goals of empirical software engineering: to strengthen investigations into the social and human aspects of software engineering;to inform the design of software engineering tools;to improve method and process development;and to inform research programmes. This article introduces ethnography, explains its origin, context, strengths and weaknesses, and presents a set of dimensions that position ethnography as a useful and usable approach to empirical software engineering research. Throughout the paper, relevant examples of ethnographic studies of software practice are used to illustrate the points being made.

关键词： Design tools and techniques human factors in software design software engineering process computer-supported collaborative work

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An engineering Approach for Developing Sustainable Ambient Assisted Living Solutions 4

An Engineering Approach for Developing Sustainable Ambient A...

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IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech)

作者： Schuermann, Volker Weidauer, Christian Bochum Univ Appl Sci Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Campus Velbert Heiligenhaus Heiligenhaus Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509041589

Sustainability is one of the main issues of our time. It is a matter of satisfying the present needs without burdening future generations. This affects in particular the three fields of economy, ecology and society. An outstanding challenge is to handle the demographic change and the consequences of an aging society. A social goal is to enable persons with need of care to lead an independent life in their own homes as long as possible. Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) solutions can support them by the use of technology. We have investigated how to build sustainable AAL solutions. Our engineering approach leads to such solutions resorting to a sensor-actuator-infrastructure which is already available. This leads to improvements in all three core areas of sustainable development.

关键词： Sustainability Ambient Assisted Living software engineering process Internet of Things

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