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software modeling and analysis using a hierarchical object-oriented Petri net

INFORMATION SCIENCES 2000年第1-4期130卷 133-164页

作者： Hong, JE Bae, DH Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Yusong Gu Taejon 305701 South Korea

Petri net is used widely to analyze and model various systems formally. Recently, many Petri nets mania devote their efforts to enhancing and extending the expressive power of Petri nets. One such effort is to extend Petri nets with object-oriented concepts. An object-oriented paradigm provides excellent concepts to model real-world problems. Object-oriented concepts allow us to build software systems easily, intuitively, and naturally. Although several high-level Petri nets with the concept of objects are suggested, these nets do not fully support the object-oriented concepts. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical object-oriented Petri net (HOONet). The formal syntax and semantics of HOONet are explained in detail. HOONet supports a wide range of object-oriented features including abstract, encapsulated and modularized objects, object interaction by message passing, inheritance, and ploymorphism. HOONet also supports a variety of modeling and analysis mechanisms such as incremental modeling of evolving systems, unfolding the HOONet to lower level Petri net, and incremental reachability analysis for HOONet models. We demonstrate the usefulness of HOONet by applying it to modeling and analysis with an example. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： hierarchical object-oriented Petri net requirement analysis software modeling incremental analysis

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software modeling of multi-degree-of-freedom motion system using matrices

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JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2017年第9期39卷 3621-3633页

作者： Mikic, Danilo Desnica, Eleonora Radivojevic, Nikola Asonja, Aleksandar Milicevic, Vladimir Tech Sch Gornji Milanovac Serbia Univ Novi Sad Tech Fac Mihajlo Pupin Zrenjanin Serbia Tech Coll Kragujevac Serbia Univ Business Acad Fac Econ & Engn Management Novi Sad Serbia Metropolitan Univ Belgrade Serbia

This paper presents the results of the research of multi-degree-of-freedom robot motion with multiple degrees of freedom by using a mechanical model of transformation of the matrix that can be used in solving the kinematics of the robots whose internal structure of the joints allows only the rotation. The matrices of rotation transformations and their application in different cases of robot motion, such as the first step, the second, third, and fourth steps, are set out. The research which was conducted in this work is a part of the development of mechatronic systems, and the results obtained by this method are suitable to solve problems of the anthropomorphic of robots and can be used for other purposes in various areas of mechanical engineering. Mechanism with multiple degrees of freedom, such as a mechanical robot system, occupies a number of positions necessary to carry out the task. Thus the position of the mechanical system is determined by a set of internal coordinates that determine the movement of the joints. It is understood that the movement is a requirement that each of the coordinates governed by its law determines the position of the robot movement, through the so-called internal and external coordinates. It also determines the way of conversion of coordinates from one movement to another, or the application of equations to solve the kinematics problems of robots (robots determine the vector segments, segment positioning, angle and line speed, angle and line acceleration). The movement of the joints is achieved with the use of an motor, which allows only rotation movement. By applying the static equilibrium of the centrer of gravity of the robots, a part of the research of an anthropomorphic robot with 18 degrees of freedom, allowing the development of a mechatronic system, whose results allow the movement of the robot position in stages, is carried out. The largest part of the investigation described in the paper was performed on a computer, applying

关键词： Robot body step Joint The movement of the robot The transformations matrix software modeling

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software modeling Language with Frames and Multi-abstractions: An Overview

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11th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing (ICAISC)

作者： Grzanek, Konrad Acad Management SWSPiZ IT Inst PL-90113 Lodz Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783642293498

Static software analyzers should be able to work on an uniform software models and run uniformly implemented algorithms that would crosscut the borders of implementation platforms. We present an overview of an universal software modeling language capable of covering the semantic constructs that can be found both in object and functional programming style. Concrete and abstract elements of the language are being discussed together with the frame-based binding mechanism. We also give some insight into the implementation details, namely the persistence layer and the proper type hierarchies.

关键词： software modeling Type Theory Compilation Knowledge Representation

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Understanding the need for assistance in software modeling: interviews with experts

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software AND SYSTEMS modeling 2024年第1期23卷 103-135页

作者： Savary-Leblanc, Maxime Le Pallec, Xavier Gerard, Sebastien Univ Lille CNRS UMR 9189 InriaCRIStALCent Lille F-59000 Lille France Univ Paris Saclay CEA List F-91120 Palaiseau France

software modeling has shown for many years that it brings many advantages at the cost of various efforts and constraints. A large corpus of literature has indeed grown up over the years, pointing out the problems related to the modeling abstraction process, the usability of tools, or the practical difficulty of using modeling languages. While these works identify problems, few of them focus on proposing directions to explore in order to fix them. To move toward a smoother and less constraining modeling experience and then increase the added value of modeling approaches, it is necessary to identify new paths to improve current tooling. In this paper, we explore one specific path by investigating how new software assistance features could support users performing modeling tasks that they perceive as complex. We used UML knowledge as a criterion for the selection of participants and built a questionnaire general to software modeling. We followed a user-centered research approach and collected the feedback from practitioners who use the modeling languages and the modeling tools on a regular basis in an industrial context. This article reports on a set of individual interview sessions with 16 modeling experts about how they perform modeling and how they imagine assistance in the context of their work. From the analysis of this qualitative study, we draw twelve observations on how to design software assistants for software modeling. These observations highlight research directions for both tool vendors and academics to explore, to identify and design new solutions to the friction points of the software modeling experience.

关键词： software modeling Practitioners software assistant Interviews

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software modeling Technique and its Prototype Tool for Behavior of Multiple Objects Using Extended Place/Transition Nets with Attributed Tokens

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JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS NETWORKING AND ARTIFICIAL LIFE 2020年第3期7卷 194-198页

作者： Takagi, Tomohiko Kurozumi, Ryo Kagawa Univ Fac Engn & Design Dept Engn & Design 2217-20 Hayashi Cho Takamatsu Kagawa 7610396 Japan Kagawa Univ Grad Sch Engn Div Reliabil Based Informat Syst Engn 2217-20 Hayashi Cho Takamatsu Kagawa 7610396 Japan

This paper shows Extended Place/transition Net with Attributed Tokens (EPNAT) and a modeling technique using it in order to address the problem of EPN. In software modeling using EPN, objects of which the software consists need to be defined individually as sub-EPN models, even if they have the same behavior. On the other hand, in software modeling using EPNAT, objects that have the same behavior can be integrated into one sub-EPNAT model, and therefore EPNAT models would be smaller than EPN models. EPNAT models are converted to VDM++ specifications, and allow engineers to refine software specifications, create programs and test cases. A prototype tool has been developed to support the modeling technique. (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press B.V. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://***/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

关键词： software modeling behavioral model place/transition net VDM

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software modeling in Cyber-Physical Systems

Software Modeling in Cyber-Physical Systems

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作者： Shrestha, shilu Linköping University

学位级别：master

A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) has a tight integration of computation, networking and physicalprocess. It is a heterogeneous system that combines multi-domain consisting of both hardware andsoftware systems. Cyber subsystems in the CPS implement the control strategy that affects the physicalprocess. Therefore, software systems in the CPS are more *** of a complex system provides a method of understanding complex systems byaccumulating, grouping, and displaying components of systems in such a manner that they may beunderstood more efficiently just by viewing the model rather than understanding the code. Graphicalrepresentation of complex systems provides an intuitive and comprehensive way to understand *** is the open source development environment based on Modelica modeling andsimulation language that consists of several interconnected subsystems. OMEdit is one of the subsystemintegrated into OpenModelica. It is a graphical user interface for graphical modeling. It consists of toolsthat allow the user to create their own shapes and icons for the *** thesis presents a methodology that provides an easy way of understanding the structure andexecution of programs written in the imperative language like C through graphical Modelica model

关键词： software modeling Cyber-Physical Systems Modelica OpenModelica OMEdit Visual Representation Graphical modeling Engineering and Technology Electrical Engineering Electronic Engineering Information Engineering Computer Systems Teknik och teknologier Elektroteknik och elektronik Datorsystem Master''s programme in Computer Science Master''s programme in Computer Science

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Characterizing UX Evaluation in software modeling Tools: A Literature Review

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IEEE ACCESS 2022年 10卷 131509-131527页

作者： Kalantari, Reyhaneh Lethbridge, Timothy C. C. Univ Ottawa Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

Model-Based software Engineering (MBSE) has a high potential to play a critical role in the whole process of software engineering, bringing many benefits to all stakeholders, yet it is not used by most software developers today, due to both lack of tool capabilities and poor user experience (UX) of tools. This study aims to understand the evaluation types and methods applied by researchers when studying UX in modeling tools (modeling experience or MX) and the types of issues uncovered in these studies. We conducted a literature review using a snowballing approach to gather all studies of this topic. A total of 41 research papers were reviewed. Data extraction was performed based on research questions and a categorization of discussed issues was presented. Several gaps and future opportunities were identified and discussed, which include 1) utilizing interview method in research design;2) distributing testing tasks based on user profiles;3) involving UX experts in analysis;4) scalability testing using large models;5) assessing MX in areas other than just usability and utility;6) considering collaborative modeling as an important factor contributing to MX;7) considering both language issues and tool issues in UX evaluation of software modeling tools;8) improving the taxonomy of MX challenges;9) triangulating using multiple methods;and 10) developing and validating MX tool design heuristics.

关键词： software modeling MBSE tool usability evaluation user experience

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Analyzing the Uses of a software modeling Tool

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2006年第2期164卷 3-18页

作者： Li, Xiaoming Shannon, Daryl Walker, Jabari Khurshid, Sarfraz Marinov, Darko Univ Illinois Dept Comp Sci 1304 W Springfield Ave Urbana IL 61801 USA Univ Texas Austin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Austin TX 78712 USA

While a lot of progress has been made in improving analyses and tools that aid software development, less effort has been spent on studying how such tools are commonly used in practice. A study into a tool's usage is important not only because it can help improve the tool's usability but also because it can help improve the tool's underlying analysis technology in a common usage scenario. This paper presents a study that explores how (beginner) users work with the Alloy Analyzer, a tool for automatic analysis of software models written in Alloy, a first-order, declarative language. Alloy has been successfully used in research and teaching for several years, but there has been no study of how users interact with the analyzer. We have modified the analyzer to log (some of) its interactions with the user. Using this modified analyzer, 11 students in two graduate classes formulated their Alloy models to solve a problem set (involving two problems, each with one model). Our analysis of the resulting logs (total of 68 analyzer sessions) shows several interesting observations;based on them, we propose how to improve the analyzer, both the performance of analyses and the user interaction. Specifically, we show that: (i) users often perform consecutive analyses with slightly different models, and thus incremental analysis can speed up the interaction;(ii) users' interaction with the analyzer is sometimes predictable, and akin to continuous compilation, the analyzer can precompute the result of a future action while the user is editing the model;and (iii) (beginner) users can naturally develop semantically equivalent models that have significantly different analysis time, so it is useful to study manual and automatic model transformations that can improve performance.

关键词： software modeling Alloy Analyzer SAT solver

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A software modeling approach for the design and analysis of cooperative optimization systems

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software-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2010年第9期40卷 811-823页

作者： del Amo, Ignacio J. G. Pelta, David A. Masegosa, Antonio D. Verdegay, Jose L. Univ Granada Dept Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Models Decis & Optimizat MODO Res Grp E-18071 Granada Spain

Optimization problems are ubiquitous in our daily lives and one way to cope with them is using cooperative optimization systems that allow to obtain good enough, fast enough, and cheap enough solutions. From a practical point of view, the design and the analysis of such systems are complex tasks. In this work, an integrated system (DACOS) for helpings in the design and analysis of cooperative, centralized optimization systems is presented. Also, the methodology used for the creation of DACOS (mainly, the use of software modeling.) is described in detail. This may also be useful for researchers who want to build up their own system for their particular needs. DACOS has been developed using the Eclipse developing framework, which, among other advantages, is also able to automatically generate source code. Finally, a practical case of use is presented: the application of DACOS to the configuration and analysis of a cooperative strategy on a location problem. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： software modeling cooperative optimization system eclipse modeling framework

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Predicting paravalvular leak after transcatheter mitral valve replacement using commercially available software modeling

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JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 2020年第6期14卷 495-499页

作者： Morris, Michael F. Pena, Alejandro, Jr. Kalya, Aneesh Sawant, Abhishek C. Lotun, Kapildeo Byrne, Timothy Fang, H. Kenith Pershad, Ashish Banner Univ Med Ctr Cardiovasc Inst Phoenix AZ USA Banner Univ Med Ctr Div Cardiol Tucson AZ USA Abrazo Arizona Heart Hosp Phoenix AZ USA

Background: There is limited data identifying patients at risk for significant mitral regurgitation (MR) after transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR). We hypothesized that software modeling based on computed tomography angiography (CTA) can predict the risk of moderate or severe MR after TMVR. Methods: 58 consecutive patients underwent TMVR at two institutions, including 31 valve-in-valve, 16 valve-in ring, and 11 valve-in-mitral annular calcification. 12 (20%) patients developed moderate or severe MR due to paravalvular leak (PVL). Results: The software model correctly predicted 8 (67%) patients with significant PVL, resulting in sensitivity of 67%, specificity 96%, positive predictive value 89%, and negative predictive value 86%. There was excellent agreement between CTA readers using software modeling to predict PVL (kappa 0.92;p < 0.01). On univariate analysis, CTA predictors of moderate or severe PVL included presence of a gap between the virtual valve and mitral annulus on the software model (OR 48;p < 0.01), mitral annular area (OR 1.02;p 0.01), and % valve oversizing (OR 0.9;p 0.01). On multivariate analysis, only presence of a gap on the software model remained significant (OR 36.8;p < 0.01). Conclusions: software modeling using pre-procedural CTA is a straightforward method for predicting the risk of moderate and severe MR due to PVL after TMVR.

关键词： Computed tomography software modeling Paravalvular leak Mitral regurgitation

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