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Trickle: Automated Infeasible Path Detection Using All Minimal Unsatisfiable Subsets 20

Trickle: Automated Infeasible Path Detection Using All Minim...

20th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS) as part of the Cyber-Physical Systems Week

作者： Blackham, Bernard Liffiton, Mark Heiser, Gernot NICTA Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Illinois Wesleyan Univ Bloomington IL 61701 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479948291

Static analysis techniques can be used to compute safe bounds on the worst-case execution time (WCET) of programs. For large programs, abstractions are often required to curb computational complexity. These abstractions may introduce infeasible paths which result in significant overestimation. These paths can be eliminated by adding additional constraints to the static analysis. Such constraints can be found manually but this is labour-intensive and error-prone. Automated methods of finding infeasible path constraints are thus highly desirable. In this paper we present Trickle: a method to automatically detect infeasible paths on compiled binary programs, in order to refine WCET estimates. We build upon the Sequoll framework and apply satisfiability modulo theory (SMT) solvers to find classes of infeasible paths. Unlike other techniques, Trickle can find infeasible paths which contain an arbitrary number of conflicting conditions. We also integrate the compute all minimal unsatisfiable subsets (CAMUS) algorithm to reduce the number of refinement iterations required. We show the practicality of Trickle by applying it to a WCET analysis of the seL4 microkernel. We also evaluate its effectiveness on the Malardalen WCET benchmarks.

关键词： Real time systems Operating system kernels software verification and validation

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On Formal Analysis of IEC 61499 Applications, Part B: Execution Semantics

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS 2010年第2期6卷 145-154页

作者： Cengic, Goran Akesson, Knut Chalmers Univ Technol Dept Signals & Syst S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

IEC 61499 is a standard architecture, based on function blocks, for developing distributed control and measurement applications. However, the standard has no formal semantics and different interpretations of the standard have emerged. As a consequence, the execution behavior of applications running on different platforms may exhibit different behavior, thus making it harder to transfer applications between the platforms. This paper shows how three different execution semantics, buffered sequential execution model (BSEM), nonpreempted multithreaded (NPMTR), and cyclic buffered execution model (CBEM) can be mathematically defined. The mathematical definitions can be used to analyze an application's behavior when executed using those execution semantics. The mathematical definitions have been used as a basis for implementation of a runtime environment and a software tool that generates formal models suitable for formal verification. Formal verification can be used to help discover execution errors before the application is executed on the factory floor.

关键词： Manufacturing automation software modeling software verification and validation

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A CSP-theoretic framework of checking conformance of Business Processes

A CSP-theoretic framework of checking conformance of Busines...

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19th Asia-Pacific software Engineering Conference (APSEC)

作者： Roy, Suman Bihary, Sidharth Laos, Jose Alfonso Corso Infosys Ltd Infosys Labs Bangalore 560100 Karnataka India Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile Dept Ind Engn Santiago 340 Chile

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549224

In this paper, we tackle the problem of conformance checking which verifies if the event logs (observed) match/fit the reference (arbitrary) process. We use concepts from Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP), which facilitates automated analysis using PAT toolkit. By this technique one can identify all the logs which cannot be properly replayed on the process. We illustrate our approach with an example. Finally, we introduce some metrics based on conformance checking. They are related to fitness, closeness, and appropriateness of the event logs vis-a-vis reference process models.

关键词： Formal methods software verification and validation conformance checking BPMN Business Processes CSP PAT toolkit Trace refinement

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Discussion on Traceability Analysis Method of Safety software in Nuclear Power Plants 4th

Discussion on Traceability Analysis Method of Safety Softwar...

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4th International Symposium on software Reliability, Industrial Safety, Cyber Security and Physical Protection of Nuclear Power Plant (ISNPP)

作者： Gu, Peng-Fei He, Ya-Nan Tang, Jian-Zhong Ye, Wang-Ping China Nucl Power Engn Co Ltd I&C Equipemnt Qualificat & Software V&V Lab State Key Lab Nucl Power Safety Monitoring Techno Shenzhen 518172 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811518768;9789811518751

Nuclear power plant safety grade software performs important safety functions in nuclear power plants, and the consequences are very serious once the failure occurs. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of such software, software verification and validation of the entire life cycle is required in accordance with standards and regulations. Traceability analysis is an important method for software verification and validation. Howto use this method correctly in engineering practice is one of the difficulties of software V&V. In the industry, requirements are often split and itemized according to document chapters, and then traceability analysis is performed. This can lead to poor results in retrospective analysis and is time consuming and labor intensive. Based on the experience of engineering practice, this paper discusses in detail the advantages and disadvantages of different requirements items methods, the main points of traceability analysis, traceability analysis and other V&V tasks. Finally, the itemization method based on quality attribute is proposed, and the execution method and suggestion of traceability analysis are given, which provides a technical reference for the traceability analysis of the safety software of nuclear power plants.

关键词： Safety software Requirements items Traceability analysis software verification and validation

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Testing and validation of a multi-sensor distributed surveillance system

Testing and validation of a multi-sensor distributed surveil...

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7th International Caribbean Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems

作者： Raty, T. Luo, M. Oikarinen, J. Nieminen, M. VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland FIN-90571 Oulu Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781424419562

The Single Location Surveillance Point (SLSP) is an distributed indoor multi-sensor surveillance system. It incorporates an arbitrary amount of sensors that collect data from a single location, which is the surveillance point. Each sensor collects information from its ambit. Once the crude data has been acquired from the sensors and transmitted to Logical Decision Making Server (LDMS) by the session server, the LDMS automatically performs logical deductions based on the data received from the sensors. The LDMS transmits the logical deductions to the human security administrator of the security manager server and/or the end-devices of the nomadic guards. Complicated surveillance systems possess rigid requirements regarding testing and validation. The main endeavor in testing and validating the SLSP system comprised of utilizing an adequate testing and validation process accompanied with sufficient tools to test the SLSP system. The testing and validation process is explained and testing is executed by utilizing two tools. The TCR (Test Case Runner) too] was specifically built for the testing purposes of the SLSP system. A proprietary tool, Nethawk's EAST (Environment for Automated Systems Testing) IMS (IP (Internet Protocol) Multimedia Subsystem) simulator, was utilized in testing. The operability of the constructed prototype accompanied with its successful testing and validation indicates that this endeavor is attained. The paper presents the testing and validation procedure, accompanied with the depiction of the testing tools and their utilization. The research is based on the constructive method of the related publications and technologies and the results are derived through testing and validating the implemented SLSP system.

关键词： software testing software verification and validation information systems multi-sensor systems

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software Test Case Minimization Using Modified Firefly Technique 9th

Software Test Case Minimization Using Modified Firefly Techn...

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9th International Congress on Information and Communication Technology (ICICT)

作者： Sobuj, Md Shazzad Ali Rizwan, Syed Akhond, Mostafijur Rahman Jashore Univ Sci & Technol Jashore 7400 Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9789819735587;9789819735594

The step of software engineering that requires the utmost time and resources is software testing. Techniques for test case reduction are used to condense the test suite, saving time and resources in the process. The basic goal of test case reduction is to get rid of useless test cases while still ensuring that the code being tested is sufficiently covered by the test suite. In this study, a model has been proposed to cut down on complexity and test cases. We have employed a moderated nature-inspired meta-heuristic algorithm called the Firefly Algorithm, to identify essential strings of test cases and eliminate irrelevant test instances. In our research, we have used some synthetic models and succeeded to reduce 36.17% of test cases.

关键词： software testing and debugging software verification and validation software defect analysis software and its engineering

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TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURE ABOUT SAFETY I&C SYSTEM software V&V IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT 25

TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURE ABOUT SAFETY I&C SYSTEM SOFTWARE V&V ...

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25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering

作者： Wang, Shengchao Gu, Pengfei Ye, Wangping Chen, Weihua Design Inst China Nucl Power Engn Co LTD Shenzhen Peoples R China China Nucl Power Design Co LTD Shenzhen Peoples R China I&C Inst China Nucl Power Engn Co LTD Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791857793

Digital instrumentation and control (I&C) system has been widely applied in nuclear power plant (NPP), which brings some new problems like software failure. The software failure is easy to come into being the common cause failure (CCF), leading to the failure of the whole protection system for NPP, thus endangering the safety of the NPP. In order to obtain the high quality software for computer important to safety, it is necessary to implement the software verification and validation (V&V) to guarantee that the software can completely and correctly meet the expected requirements of safety functions and performances. Moreover, for the guidance of software V&V and to strengthen the reliability of the software, laws and regulation standards related to the software V&V, were analyzed. On the basis of requirements of the laws and regulations standards and the results of analysis, a technical architecture about nuclear safety digital instrumentation and control system (DCS) software V&V was proposed, which consists of a technical model of software V&V and a general quality assurance (QA) system. The technical model of software V&V mainly illustrated some problems and discussed how to deal with it on the specific implementation of V&V activities and tasks. Meanwhile, in order to support the software V&V activities and tasks carried out efficiently, the general QA system, corresponding to the technical model of software V&V, was established which can supply the visual evidence for quality control process. At this point, it is expected that the results as studied above can provide some technical references in the transformation, formulating or modifying related standards of China and to promote the quality of nuclear safety DCS software.

关键词： digital instrumentation and control system common cause failure software verification and validation reliability of the software quality assurance

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Handling Backtracking for Symbolic Testing of Embedded software 24

Handling Backtracking for Symbolic Testing of Embedded Softw...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Suresh, Varsha P. Chakrabarti, Sujit Kumar Jetley, Raoul Mohan, Devina IIIT B Bangalore Karnataka India ABB Corp Res Bangalore Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9781728103037

Automated testing tools for programs written in IEC 61131-3 standard of programming languages supporting the development of PLC control software is less available. Symbolic execution is a program analysis technique that determines what inputs cause each part of a program to execute. Here, a symbolic execution framework is utilized to achieve test target coverage for control system software. The framework does not ensure optimal feasible paths after backtracking. In this paper an approach using weight calculation is utilized to overcome the drawback. The calculated weight values helps to backtrack to a node, on flipping will result in an optimal feasible path.

关键词： software verification and validation Testing

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Critical software For Human Spaceflight: Orion Propulsion software from Development to Qualification

Critical Software For Human Spaceflight: Orion Propulsion So...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition (AIAA SciTech)

作者： Preden, Antonio Kaschner, Jens Rettig, Felix Rodriggs, Michael European Space Agcy Noordwijk Netherlands Airbus Def & Space Orion ESM PDE Software Tech Author Bremen Germany NASA Johnson Space Ctr Houston TX USA

ISBN: (数字)9781624105951

ISBN: (纸本)9781624105951

This paper describes the development of the Propulsion Drive Electronics (PDE) Equipment software that provides the interface between the propulsion hardware of the European Service Module with the Orion flight computers, and highlights the challenges that have been faced during the development. The lesson learned related to the use of different software standards and different approaches for determination of criticality are presented, that will be considered in future international cooperation and more generally for development of human spaceflight software.

关键词： Human Spaceflight Propulsion System European Cooperation for Space Standardization European Space Agency Flight Computer Airbus software verification and validation software Engineering Avionics software Moon

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M³: Semantic API Migrations 35

M<SUP>3</SUP>: Semantic API Migrations

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35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated software Engineering (ASE)

作者： Collie, Bruce Ginsbach, Philip Woodruff, Jackson Rajan, Ajitha Boyle, Michael F. P. O. Univ Edinburgh Sch Informat Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland GitHub Software UK Oxford England Univ Edinburgh Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450367684

Library migration is a challenging problem, where most existing approaches rely on prior knowledge. This can be, for example, information derived from changelogs or statistical models of API usage. This paper addresses a different API migration scenario where there is no prior knowledge of the target library. We have no historical changelogs and no access to its internal representation. To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a novel approach (M-3), where probabilistic program synthesis is used to semantically model the behavior of library functions. Then, we use an SMT-based code search engine to discover similar code in user applications. These discovered instances provide potential locations for API migrations. We evaluate our approach against 7 well-known libraries from varied application domains, learning correct implementations for 94 functions. Our approach is integrated with standard compiler tooling, and we use this integration to evaluate migration opportunities in 9 existing C/C++ applications with over 1MLoC. We discover over 7,000 instances of these functions, of which more than 2,000 represent migration opportunities.

关键词： Compilers software verification and validation

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