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Control parameterisation for POD via software-in-the-loop simulation

JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING-JOE 2019年第18期2019卷 4864-4868页

作者： Ha Thi Nguyen Yang, Guangya Nielsen, Arne Hejde Jensen, Peter Hojgaard Coimbra, Carlos F. M. Tech Univ Denmark Dept Elect Engn Ctr Elect Power & Energy DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Siemens AS Energy Automat DK-2750 Ballerup Denmark Univ Calif San Diego Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept La Jolla CA 92093 USA

The parameter optimisation of designed controllers for power systems is always a big concern and needs a lot of effort of researchers especially when the electricity grid becomes larger and more complex. This study proposes a control parameterisation using genetic algorithms (GAs) for power oscillation damping (POD) incorporating synchronous condensers (SCs) via software-in-the-loop simulation to enhance the damping and frequency stability for low-inertia systems. A closed-loop interfaced setup among real-time digital simulator, MATLAB, and OLE for process communication running in real time is analysed and implemented to optimise the POD parameters of a SC. Furthermore, a Prony technique based on the system measurement is applied to find out the frequency and damping ratio of the dominant oscillation mode. The POD optimal parameters are determined by the GA objective function that maximises the damping ratio of the dominant oscillation mode. The effectiveness of the proposed method in damping power oscillations and frequency stability improvement is verified through simulation results of the future western Danish power system. simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach offers good performance for parameter optimisation of the POD.

关键词： oscillations power system control damping closed loop systems power system stability optimisation genetic algorithms designed controllers power systems big concern electricity grid control parameterisation genetic algorithms power oscillation damping incorporating synchronous condensers software-in-the-loop simulation low-inertia systems closed-loop interfaced setup real-time digital simulator POD parameters system measurement damping ratio dominant oscillation mode POD optimal parameters power oscillations frequency stability improvement simulation results future western Danish power system parameter optimisation

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Real-time hardware- and software-in-the-loop simulation of decentralised distribution network control architecture

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2017年第12期11卷 3057-3064页

作者： Tuominen, Ville Reponen, Hannu Kulmala, Anna Lu, Shengye Repo, Sami Tampere Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Korkeakoulunkatu 1 Tampere 33720 Finland VTT Tekniikankatu 1 Tampere 33720 Finland

This study introduces a laboratory test set up developed to evaluate the functionality of a novel decentralised distribution automation architecture. The demonstration system consists of a simulated distribution network in real-time simulation environment including simulated monitoring and control devices as well as physical devices interfaced with the simulator as hardware-in-the-loop test devices. System involves also substation automation units for real-time monitoring and control that are interfaced with the simulator and physical devices. The operating principle of the system is demonstrated with an example simulation case. The main goal for this system was to test the functionality of the decentralised distribution automation architecture and track out any potential interfacing issues of automation system before implementing the concept to actual field demonstrations. Based on the tests executed with the system described in this study, the proper functionality of all the features of the automation architecture was verified and successfully deployed at the field test sites.

关键词： power distribution control control engineering computing hardware-in-the loop simulation power system simulation substation automation real-time hardware-in-the-loop test device simulation software-in-the-loop simulation decentralised distribution network control architecture decentralised distribution automation architecture substation automation

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software-in-the-loop simulation for Early-Stage Testing of AUTOSAR software Component 8

Software-in-the-Loop Simulation for Early-Stage Testing of A...

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8th International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN)

作者： Jeong, Sooyong Kwak, Yongsub Lee, Woo Jin Kyungpook Natl Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Daegu South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781467399913

In Embedded software, the early-stage testing of source code is important since it may reduce the future development cost. However, at the automotive domain, the conventional software testing methods depend on actual system and hardware such as Hardware-in-the-loop simulator and vehicle, then the early-stage testing method of automotive software is still in immature status. Therefore the testing of automotive software component is delayed until they are developed enough to run at the actual hardware. In this paper, we propose a method to do dynamic analysis and test the AUTOSAR software component by software-in-the-loop simulation without target system hardware. It provides rapid prototyping environment to validate the behavior of automotive software and helps to improve the quality of software component from the early error detection.

关键词： AUTOSAR validation software-in-the-loop simulation

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A software-in-the-loop simulation Scheme for Position Formation Flight of Multicopters

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JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 2016年第4期8卷 431-440页

作者： de Castro, Davi Ferreira dos Santos, Davi Antonio Inst Tecnol Aeronaut Div Engn Mecan Dept Ciencia Tecnol & Aeroespacial Praca Marechal Eduardo Gomes50 Vila Acacias BR-12228900 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil

The cooperative control of small unmanned aerial vehicles such as the multicopters has been extensively investigated worldwide for functionality augmentation and cost reduction with respect to a single larger vehicle. The present paper proposes a software-in-the-loop simulation scheme for performance evaluation and demonstration of formation flight control systems of multicopters. The simulation scheme consists of a computer network where each computer simulates one of the vehicles using the MATLAB/Simulink for implementing the local control system and the X-Plane for simulating the flight dynamics and environment. For cooperation, the local control systems exchange position data by means of the network. In order to illustrate the proposed scheme, a group of 3 octocopters is taken into consideration and a leader-follower strategy is chosen for triangular position formation, with the leader moving in a straight line with constant speed.

关键词： software-in-the-loop simulation Formation control Multicopter Micro aerial vehicle

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A software-in-the-loop simulation of an Intelligent Micro Satellite within a Virtual Environment

A Software-in-the-Loop Simulation of an Intelligent Micro Sa...

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IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Virtual Environments for Measurement Systems and Applications (CIVEMSA)

作者： Hassani, Kaveh Lee, Won-Sook Univ Ottawa Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Ottawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347037

Rapid growth in space missions necessitates the onboard intelligence, which creates autonomous space systems by providing high level decision making, robust execution of decisions, and automatic fault repairing. Mostly, autonomous space systems are implemented as hybrid architectures with a few conceptual layers. Validating the stability and evaluating the performance of an autonomous architecture is critical for space missions. software in the loop simulation is a suitable approach for addressing this demand. However, the data acquired from simulation is represented as alphanumeric values or diagrams, which needs to be interpreted. In this paper, we propose an intelligent architecture to provide onboard autonomy for an observation micro-satellite. The architecture integrates the low level physical actions with conceptual decision making ability in a hierarchical manner. To evaluate the proposed architecture, we have implemented a distributed software in the loop simulation to simulate the space, satellite, ground stations, and intelligent onboard software. Moreover, for the first time, we have used virtual reality to visualize the satellite's autonomous behavior in the orbit. It lets the users have a high level feedback from integrated simulation. Scenario-based evaluations have shown the stability and efficiency of the proposed architecture.

关键词： Hybrid intelligent system onboard autonomy software-in-the-loop simulation satellite visualization

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Linearized State-Space Model-Based Attitude Control for Rocket With Four Controllable Fins-Part 1-1: Basic Modeling and Identification

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IEEE ACCESS 2023年 11卷 146014-146029页

作者： Kim, Shinhyung Tullu, Abera Jung, Sunghun Chosun Univ Fac Smart Vehicle Syst Engn Gwangju 61452 South Korea Korea Aerosp Univ Dept Smart Air Mobil Goyang 10540 South Korea

In this study, we present, analyze, and validate a linear state-space model for a simplified rocket with four fins. The model is validated experimentally using a wind tunnel. The proposed model consists of two main elements: a rocket body and fins. The body is represented as a cylinder integrated from infinitesimal sections along the longitudinal direction (x-axis), and each fin is interpreted as an individual rigid body. Applying a linear state space facilitates the use of linear analysis tools, leading to expedient system stability assessment and controller design. Stability analysis of the specific model is performed for validation. The results of the analysis showed that the phase margins of pitching and yawing were 16.9(degrees), and that of rolling was 2.21(degrees). However, the linearized state space carries the risk of discrepancies with the actual dynamics. The model is experimentally validated in a wind tunnel to reduce risk. The rocket model is affixed to a stationary jig in a wind tunnel and has four degrees of freedom. This arrangement allows for the verification of a coupled three-axis rotational model. The results show convergence within an average similarity of 77% in the linear range, confirming the reliability of the model. The validated model can be used for comprehensive analyses including control system design, performance optimization, and robustness analysis of a rocket with four fins in the future.

关键词： Rockets Drag Aerodynamics Wind tunnels Control systems Analytical models Mathematical models Aerospace control State-space methods Autonomous aerial vehicles Flight test system hardware-in-the-loop simulation model validation rocket software-in-the-loop simulation state-space model unmanned aerial vehicle

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FPGA-Based Statechart Controller for MPPT of a Photovoltaic System

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IETE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH 2023年第12期69卷 9361-9371页

作者： Pankaj, Lahari M., V Kasibhatla, Rama S. Santhi, R. Vijaya Andhra Univ Dept Elect Engn Visakhapatnam 530003 Andhra Pradesh India

Conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controllers in photovoltaic (PV) systems are seen to achieve tracking speeds in range of milliseconds. Power-electronic circuits in these systems many-a-time demand faster control actions in microseconds, as they operate at high frequencies, and also, a delay in control action would lead to a corresponding power-loss. Hence, an MPPT controller delivering such fast tracking speeds would improve overall system performance. In this work, an Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based Statechart Controller is developed to perform MPPT control of the PV system. The developed Statechart Controller is tested using software-in-the-loop simulation(SILS) and results are presented. With inputs from a programmable logic controller emulating PV characteristic curves, the Statechart Controller is then deployed in a target FPGA. A comparison between performance with conventional MPPT controller and Statechart Controller is presented and results indicate that the latter is more effective in terms of tracking speeds, determinism, and modularity.

关键词： Co-simulation FPGA FSM MPPT Photovoltaic system Statechart software-in-the-loop simulation

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MPC-Based Process Control of Deep Drawing: An Industry 4.0 Case Study in Automotive

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022年第3期19卷 1586-1598页

作者： Cavone, Graziana Bozza, Augusto Carli, Raffaele Dotoli, Mariagrazia Polytech Bari Dept Elect & Informat Engn I-70125 Bari Italy

Deep drawing is a metalworking procedure aimed at getting a cold metal sheet plastically deformed in accordance with a pre-defined mould. Although this procedure is well-established in industry, it is still susceptible to several issues affecting the quality of the stamped metal products. In order to reduce defects of workpieces, process control approaches can be performed. Typically, process control employs simple proportional-integral-derivative (PID) regulators that steer the blank holder force (BHF) based on the error on the punch force. However, a single PID can only control single-input single-output systems and cannot handle constraints on the process variables. Differently from the state of the art, in this paper we propose a process control architecture based on Model Predictive Control (MPC), which considers a multi-variable system model. In particular, we represent the deep drawing process with a single-input multiple-output Hammerstein-Wiener model that relates the BHF with the draw-in of n different critical points around the die. This allows the avoidance of workpiece defects that are due to the abnormal sliding of the metal sheet during the forming phase. The effectiveness of the proposed process controller is shown on a real case study in a digital twin framework, where the performance achieved by the MPC-based system is analyzed in detail and compared against the results obtained through an ad-hoc defined multiple PID-based control architecture.

关键词： Process control Metals Mathematical models Force Presses Monitoring Uncertainty Metal deep drawing process control zero-defect manufacturing real-time process control model predictive control software-in-the-loop simulation

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Enhancing Management and Control of Renewable Energy Communities: A Practical Implementation 3

Enhancing Management and Control of Renewable Energy Communi...

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3rd International Conference on Energy Transition in the Mediterranean Area, SyNERGY MED 2024

作者： Di Fazio, A.R. Conte, F. Natrella, G. University of Cassino and Southern Lazio DIEI Cassino Italy Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome Faculty of Engineering Rome Italy University of Genova DITEN Genova Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375923

Renewable Energy Communities are integral to the European Commission's energy transition agenda. These communities foster the participation of citizens, local authorities, and enterprises in producing, exchanging, and consuming renewable energy locally. The community members benefit from various financial incentives, including payments for excess renewable production, a premium tariff for renewable shared energy, and the refund of part of the electricity bill. However, high penetration of renewable energy sources can challenge grid stability, necessitating the adoption of flexibility strategies like battery systems and demand-side management. This paper presents a prototype of a tool for the real-time optimal management of renewable energy communities in which renewable generation, electrical loads and batteries are present. The community management tool implements: algorithms for forecasting load consumption and renewable generation;and algorithms for the optimal management of controllable resources. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Battery Energy Storage Systems Experimental Validation Model Predictive Control PV Systems Renewable Energy Community software-in-the-loop simulation

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Online Updating Energy Management Strategy Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning With Accelerated Training for Hybrid Electric Tracked Vehicles

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION 2022年第3期8卷 3289-3306页

作者： Zhang, Bin Zou, Yuan Zhang, Xudong Du, Guodong Jiao, Feixiang Guo, Ningyuan Beijing Inst Technol Sch Mech Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

An online updating energy management strategy (EMS) based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with accelerated training is proposed to further reduce fuel consumption and improve the adaptability of the algorithm. The online frame continuously updates neural network parameters every predetermined time. First, the mathematical model of a series hybrid electric tracked vehicle (SHETV) is established, and the accuracy of the model is verified by collecting data from the real vehicle. Second, an intelligent EMS is developed by combining deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) and prioritized experience replay (PER). DDPG can improve the control effect and accelerate the training process by eliminating the discretization of variables. The addition of PER can further improve fuel economy and SOC performance and shorten the training time. Third, an online updating framework based on DDPG-PER is proposed to make EMS better adapt to complex driving conditions. Finally, a software-in-the-loop simulation is built, and the effectiveness of the proposed online updating EMS is verified by comparison with other state-of-the-art algorithms. simulation results show that the training process of the off-line EMS is greatly accelerated, which provides a potential for online application. Meanwhile, the fuel economy of the online updating EMS reached 93.9% of the benchmark DP.

关键词： Energy management Mathematical models Resistance Lithium-ion batteries Training Optimization Fuel economy Accelerated training deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) energy management strategy (EMS) online updating framework software-in-the-loop simulation

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