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Structural, optical and dielectric properties of Yttrium (Y) doped MgO thin films fabricated by water based solution processing

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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL SOLID-STATE MATERIALS 2025年 312卷

作者： Bashir, Aneeqa Asghar, Aasia Ali, Syed Shahbaz Ikram, Mujtaba Univ Punjab Dept Phys New Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan Univ Punjab Sch Phys Sci New Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan Univ Punjab Inst Chem Engn & Technol New Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan

This paper establishes the high performance of an ecological water-based solution processing in creating Magnesium oxide (MgO) thin films with various doping levels of Yttrium (Y) (0, 05, 10, and 15 atomic %), on ITO glass substrates. No mixed and secondary phases have been observed by XRD patterns revealing an amorphous nature in all the films. From FTIR, the characteristic peaks of oxides have been found with no significant traces of impurities while EDX analysis has confirmed the elemental signatures of MgO, and Y in the deposited films. The SEM images have shown a change in the surface morphology from smooth to inhomogeneous filament type grains having voids in the surface as the Y doping level is increased. The transmittance is increased, while the optical band gap is decreased from 4.00 to 3.75 eV. The refractive index and extinction coefficient are found improved as compared to pristine MgO film. The red luminescence band excited in MgO is observed around 700 nm. All the films exhibit ohmic conduction with resistivity decrease by an order of magnitude (similar to 10(3) Omega cm) as the Y content increases. Strong dependence of the dielectric constant (real and imaginary), tangent loss, impedance and electric modulus on both the frequency and dopant has been observed. The spectra are well referred to the Maxwell-Wagner type of polarization of Koop's theory. The analysis further leads to the predominant contribution of grain boundaries and a non-Debye relaxation phenomenon. The films are found suitable for low frequency electronic applications.

关键词： Y doped MgO Thin films solution processing Dielectric properties Optical properties

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Barium concentration controlled phase evolution in molecular solution processing of Cu2BaSnS4 thin films for solar cells with improved optical and electrical properties

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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 2024年 986卷

作者： Jyoti Mohanty, Bhaskar Chandra Thapar Inst Engn & Technol Dept Phys & Mat Sci Patiala 147004 Punjab India

Recently, Cu2BaSnS4 (CBTS) has emerged as a leading candidate to improve cationic ordering, which limits performance of solar cells, in Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) absorber layers. While non-toxic solution based approaches appear very attractive for the deposition of the CBTS layers, the formation of secondary phases stemming from poor control of composition must be suppressed. While preparing CBTS thin films from 2-methoxy ethanol based molecular solutions, we find critical dependence of phase evolution on the Ba concentration in the solution. From the systematic variation in molar concentration of cations and sulfurization parameters we have established the favourable reaction pathway leading to the formation of the single phase CBTS via intermediate solid-state binary and tertiary compounds. The resultant films exhibited significantly reduced effects of cation antisite disorder compared to CZTS as reflected from a symmetric room temperature photoluminescence peak. The films had a band gap of -2.0 eV and showed considerable white light sensitivity. Detailed electrical and electro-impedance measurements were carried out that revealed p-type conductivity with a carrier concentration of 1.7x1014 cm -3.

关键词： Thin film Inorganic solar cells solution processing CBTS Electro-chemical properties

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Scalable Fabrication of Quasi-One-Dimensional van der Waals Ta2Pt3Se8 Nanowire Thin Films via solution processing for NO2 Gas Sensing over Large Areas

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024年第27期16卷 35463-35473页

作者： Choi, Kyung Hwan Lee, Sang Hoon Kang, Jinsu Zhang, Xiaojie Jeon, Jiho Bang, Hyeon-Suk Kim, Yeongjin Kim, Dahoon Kim, Kyung In Kim, Yeong Hyeop Oh, Hyung-Suk Chang, Jongwha Lee, Jae-Hyun Yu, Hak Ki Choi, Jae-Young Sungkyunkwan Univ SKKU Adv Inst Nanotechnol SAINT Suwon 16419 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch Adv Mat Sci & Engn Suwon 16419 South Korea Korea Inst Sci & Technol Clean Energy Res Ctr Seoul 02792 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ KIST SKKU Carbon Neutral Res Ctr Suwon 16419 South Korea Texas A&M Univ Irma Lerma Rangel Sch Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Sci College Stn TX 77843 USA Ajou Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Suwon 16499 South Korea Ajou Univ Dept Energy Syst Res Suwon 16499 South Korea

solution-based processing of van der Waals (vdW) one- (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) materials is an effective strategy to obtain high-quality molecular chains or atomic sheets in a large area with scalability. In this work, quasi-1D vdW Ta2Pt3Se8 was exfoliated via liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) to produce a stably dispersed Ta2Pt3Se8 nanowire solution. In order to screen the optimal exfoliation solvent, nine different solvents were employed with different total surface tensions and polar/dispersive (P/D) component (P/D) ratios. The LPE behavior of Ta2Pt3Se8 was elucidated by matching the P/D ratios between Ta2Pt3Se8 and the applied solvent, resulting in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as an optimal solvent owing to the well-matched total surface tension and P/D ratio. Subsequently, Ta2Pt3Se8 nanowire thin films are manufactured via vacuum filtration using a Ta2Pt3Se8/NMP dispersion. Then, gas sensing devices are fabricated onto the Ta2Pt3Se8 nanowire thin films, and gas sensing property toward NO2 is evaluated at various thin-film thicknesses. A 50 nm thick Ta2Pt3Se8 thin-film device exhibited a percent response of 25.9% at room temperature and 32.4% at 100 degrees C, respectively. In addition, the device showed complete recovery within 14.1 min at room temperature and 3.5 min at 100 degrees C, respectively.

关键词： 1D van der waals liquid phase exfoliation dispersion solution processing thin-film gas sensor

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solution processing Cu₃BiS₃ Absorber Layers with a Thiol-Amine Solvent Mixture

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ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2021年第10期4卷 11026-11031页

作者： Koskela, Kristopher M. Tadle, Abegail C. Chen, Keying Brutchey, Richard L. Univ Southern Calif Dept Chem Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

There is a need to develop more Earth-abundant, less toxic, and more environmentally stable solar absorbers as the market demand for solar cells increases. Wittichenite (Cu3BiS3) is a sulfosalt mineral that belongs to the Cu(3)MCh(3) (M = Sb, Bi;Ch = S, Se) family of materials. Cu3BiS3 contains bismuth, a nontoxic heavy metal that has a 6s(2) electronic structure akin to halide perovskites that have demonstrated excellent properties, and the sulfosalt crystallizes in the P2(1)2(1)2(1) space group with a near-optimal band gap for single-junction thin film solar cells. We report the utility of thiol-amine solvent mixtures to dissolve inexpensive bulk CuO and Bi2S3 precursors to produce a free-flowing semiconductor ink. Good quality and phase-pure Cu3BiS3 thin films were solution processed from this ink upon mild annealing. The p-type thin films possess a direct band gap of 1.47 eV with a high absorption coefficient through the visible (similar to 10(5) cm(-1)), carrier mobilities in the range of 0.4-90 cm(2) (V.s)(-1), and a strong photoelectrochemical current response. The optoelectronic properties of Cu3BiS3 thin films deposited using this thiol-amine chemistry suggest that it is a favorable candidate as a solution-processable solar absorber.

关键词： solar absorber Cu3BiS3 wittichenite thin film solution processing

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Hydrolysis-Directed Vapor-Phase Synthesis and solution processing of Nanostructured Conducting Polymers

Hydrolysis-Directed Vapor-Phase Synthesis and Solution Proce...

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作者： Yang, Haoru Washington University in St. Louis

学位级别：Ph.D., Doctor of Philosophy

Conducting polymers are a class of organic material that possesses semiconducting properties. Their unique molecular structure facilitates charge transport via delocalized π-electron network in the polymer backbone. Creating nanostructures in a conducting polymer increases its surface area to volume ratio and promotes molecular interaction at the surface of the polymer, resulting in enhanced physical and chemical properties, such as ion transfer, adsorption/desorption efficiency, and electrical conductivity. This dissertation focuses on synthesizing nanostructured conducting polymers and their composites from the vapor phase. The mechanisms in a novel synthetic strategy that utilizes iron corrosion products to initiate polymerization and template nanostructure formation is examined. Vapor-phase synthesis is carried out on both organic and inorganic substrates, and varying reaction conditions, such as temperature, reaction time, or anions in the iron(III) salt, creates a spectrum of morphologies (0D particles, 1D fibers, and amorphous films). This dissertation also presents methods for overcoming challenges in conducting polymer processing. Vapor-phase synthesized conducting polymers are fabricated into electrodes for state-of-art supercapacitors, humidity and temperature sensors, and proof-of-concept functional 3D-printed objects.

关键词： solution processing Nanostructured polymers Vapor-phase synthesis Polymer backbone Electrical conductivity

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solution processing Approaches towards Stretchable Electronics and Semiconducting Polymer Morphology Modification

Solution Processing Approaches towards Stretchable Electroni...

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作者： Su, Zhe Rice University

学位级别：Ph.D., Doctor of Philosophy

The past decade has witnessed significant developments in stretchable electronics. Developing effective, low fabrication threshold and simple solution processing approaches will advance the development of stretchable electronics. Current solution processing approaches in the fabrication of stretchable electronics are mainly focused on spin coating and spray coating methods, which are simple but require complicated preliminary mask preparation. On the other hand, one modified three-dimensional (3D) printing-based solution processing method is a suitable candidate to fabricate stretchable electronics in a simple, flexible, and cost-effective way. Bar coating method is also a promising replacement for spin or spray coating to improve the alignment of nanostructures and modify charge carrier transport in naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based semiconducting polymer. However, research toward this modified 3D printing technique in stretchable electronics and bar coating-based solution processing approach of NDI-based semiconducting polymers is rare and limited. Therefore, we propose that 3D printing-based solution processing approach could serve as a novel and effective way to reduce the fabrication threshold of stretchable electronics and bar coating method has the potential to improve nanostructure alignment and is promising in modifying charge carrier transport of NDI-based semiconducting polymer films. This thesis focuses on investigations of fundamentally new, low fabrication threshold and effective solution processing approaches to fabricate stretchable electronics and improve transistor performance.

关键词： Stretchable electronics 3D printing solution processing

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8.36% Efficient CZTS Solar Cells on Transparent Electrode via solution processing

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SOLAR RRL 2024年第21期8卷

作者： Liu, Hongkun Li, Yize Xu, Aoqi Li, Xinyu Xiang, Chunxu Zhou, Sifan Wang, Shaoying Yan, Weibo Xin, Hao Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Organ Elect & Informat Displays 9 Wenyuan Rd Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Inst Adv Mat IAM 9 Wenyuan Rd Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China

High-bandgap Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film solar cells on transparent electrodes show favorable characteristics for new photovoltaic application scenarios including building-integrated photovoltaics, vehicle-integrated photovoltaics, and top cell for tandem structure. However, the efficiency of pure sulfide kesterite CZTS thin film solar cells on transparent substrates lags behind that on traditional Mo substrates. Herein, fabrication of high-quality CZTS absorber films and efficient solar cells on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates from dimethyl sulfoxide solution is reported. The formation of harmful secondary phases in CZTS film is suppressed by simply adjusting the chemical stoichiometry in the precursor solution, leading to the development of 5.88% CZTS solar cells. Sodium (Na) doping further promotes grain growth and suppresses secondary phase, contributing to the reduced interface recombination and improved device performance. A champion device with an efficiency of 8.36% has been achieved with 1% Na doping, underscoring the significance of the solution process in achieving highly efficient kesterite solar cells on transparent electrodes.

关键词： Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates Na doping solution processing

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Tuning the bandgap without compromising efficiency: Ambient solution processing of Ge-alloyed (Ag,Cu)2Zn(Sn,Ge)(S,Se)4 kesterite thin-film solar cells

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MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY 2024年 46卷

作者： Scaffidi, Romain Gong, Yuancai Jimenez-Arguijo, Alex Medaille, Axel Gon Suresh, Sunil Brammertz, Guy Giraldo, Sergio Puigdollers, Joaquim Flandre, Denis Vermang, Bart Saucedo, Edgardo Hasselt Univ Imo Imomec Martelarenlaan 42 B-3500 Hasselt Belgium Imec Imo Imomec Thor Pk 8320 B-3600 Genk Belgium EnergyVille Imo Imomec Thor Pk 8320 B-3600 Genk Belgium Catholic Univ Louvain ICTEAM Pl Levant 3 B-1348 Louvain la Neuve Belgium Univ Politecn Cataluna Elect Engn Dept AV Eduard Maristany 10-14 Barcelona 08019 Spain

The photovoltaic sector currently experiences a growing demand for deeply-integrated technologies in agriculture, buildings, vehicles, among others. Kesterite compounds provide a versatile solution through their tunable bandgap via isovalent alloying. However, this should be done while preserving material opto-electronic quality and device performance, which is an unresolved challenge. Indeed, tuning the bandgap of kesterites must ensure low crystalline disorder to counteract the associated open-circuit voltage (Voc) losses when used in solar cells. To achieve this goal, this work introduces a simple molecular ink recipe realized in ambient air to process singlephase high-quality Ag,Gealloyed kesterite absorbers. By varying the Ge content from 0 to 100 %, the absorber bandgap covers the range from 1.15 to 1.5 eV, in which the Urbach energy remains close to 20 meV and promisingly low Voc deficits are observed. In particular, the champion efficiency of 12.1 % obtained with 40 % Ge breaks the record for Ge-alloyed kesterites with a 1.2 eV bandgap by remarkably reaching 62 % of the ShockleyQueisser limit for Voc. This study demonstrates a promising strategy to solve the issue of large band tailing and low opto-electronic quality in widebandgap kesterites while establishing a foundation for solution-processed kesterite solar cells with tunable bandgap and promising performance.

关键词： Photovoltaics Kesterite Bandgap tuning Ge alloying solution processing

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Scalable solution processing of amorphous and crystalline chalcogenide films

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TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2021年第7期3卷 535-546页

作者： Dutta, Nikita S. Arnold, Craig B. Princeton Univ Princeton Inst Sci & Technol Mat Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Princeton NJ 08544 USA

Chalcogenide materials have attracted interest for diverse device applications, including thermoelectrics, phase-change memory and optoelectronics, and even solid-state batteries. Part of their appeal is solution processability, which offers a potentially inexpensive, scalable route to thin film fabrication. A number of solution-based methods have been explored with crystalline metal chalcogenides, but combining industrially practical solvents with high-throughput film deposition remains challenging. Similar issues are faced with amorphous chalcogenides, where decades of work has focused on the role of dissolution chemistry in processing high-quality films. Here, we outline recent progress in understanding dissolution and film formation in both systems. By combining wisdom from crystalline and amorphous chalcogenides, we aim to highlight fundamentals underlying scalable solution processing and map areas for future study.

关键词： solution processing chalcogenides dissolution chemistry thin film fabrication

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solution processing via Dynamic Sulfide Radical Anions for Sulfide Solid Electrolytes

ADVANCED ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY RESEARCH

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ADVANCED ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY RESEARCH 2022年第7期3卷

作者： Gamo, Hirotada Nishida, Jin Nagai, Atsushi Hikima, Kazuhiro Matsuda, Atsunori Toyohashi Univ Technol Dept Elect & Elect Informat Engn 1-1 Hibarigaoka Toyohashi Aichi 4418580 Japan Ctr Excellence ENSEMBLE3 Sp Zoo Next Generat Energy Syst Grp Wolczynska 133 PL-01919 Warsaw Poland

solution processing technology for the manufacturing of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) holds great promise of scalability and low cost over ball milling and solid-state methods. However, conventional liquid-phase synthesis for solid electrolytes has yet to translate into large-scale manufacturing to address commercialization challenges. Herein, solution processing via dynamic sulfide radical anions is developed, providing rapid and scalable manufacturing of Li7P3S11 solid electrolytes (SEs). A mixture of Li2S, P2S5, and excess elemental sulfur in a mixed solvent of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, and ethanol forms a homogenous precursor solution containing the S-3 (center dot-) radical anion. The presence of ethanol enhances the chemical stability of S-3 (center dot-). The resulting sulfide radical anions serve as a mediator with two strategies: the soluble polysulfide formation and activation of P2S5, and thus allows the generation of the precursor solution in 2 min. The Li7P3S11 is prepared in 2 h without the need for ball milling or high-energy treatment, which shows higher ionic conductivity (1.2 mS cm(-1) at 25 degrees C) and excellent cell performance of ASSBs cells than Li7P3S11 prepared by ball milling. The solution processing technology reported here paves the way for the accelerated adoption of practical ASSBs manufacturing.

关键词： all-solid-state batteries lithium polysulfides solution processing solution synthesis sulfide solid electrolytes

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