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Asymptotic distributions for Random Median Quicksort

JOURNAL OF DISCRETE algorithmS 2007年第3期5卷 592-608页

作者： Okasha, H. M. Roesler, U. Al Azhar Univ Math Dept Cairo Egypt Christian Albrechts Univ Kiel Math Seminar D-24098 Kiel Germany

The first complete running time analysis of a stochastic divide and conquer algorithm was given for Quicksort, a sorting algorithm invented 1961 by Hoare. We analyse here the variant Random Median Quicksort. The analysis includes the expectation, the asymptotic distribution, the moments and exponential moments. The asymptotic distribution is characterized by a stochastic fixed point equation. The basic technic will be generating functions and the contraction method. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quicksort sorting algorithm Analysis of algorithm Recursive equation Divide-and-conquer algorithm Stochastic fixed point equation Contraction method Euler differential equation

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A systematic method based on statistical pattern recognition for estimating product quality on-line

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2003年第1期10卷 69-73页

作者： Guang Li, Huade Li, Shaoyuan Sun, and Zhengguang XuInformation Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Information Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

To avoid the complexity of building mechanistic models by studying the inner nature of the object, a systematic method based on statistical pattern recognition is developed in order to estimate the product quality on-line. The mapping relationship between a feature space and a product quality space can be built by using regression analysis, and in applying clustering analysis the product quality space can be partitioned automatically. Eventually, estimating product quality on-line can be accomplished by sorting the mapped data in the partitioned quality space. A concrete problem is proposed which has a relatively small ratio of training data to input variables. By implementing the method mentioned above, a satisfying result has been achieved. Furthermore, the further question about choosing suitable mapping methods is briefly discussed.

关键词： pattern recognition regression analysis clustering analysis ISODATA algorithm sorting algorithm

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A Rigorous Interlaboratory Examination of the Need to Confirm Next-Generation Sequencing-Detected Variants with an Orthogonal Method in Clinical Genetic Testing

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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 2019年第2期21卷 318-329页

作者： Lincoln, Stephen E. Truty, Rebecca Lin, Chiao-Feng Zook, Justin M. Paul, Joshua Ramey, Vincent H. Salit, Marc Rehm, Heidi L. Nussbaum, Robert L. Lebo, Matthew S. Invitae 1400 16th St San Francisco CA 94103 USA Partners HealthCare Lab Mol Med Cambridge MA USA Brigham & Womens Hosp Dept Pathol 75 Francis St Boston MA 02115 USA NIST Gaithersburg MD 20899 USA Joint Initiat Metrol Biol Stanford CA USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Ctr Genom Med Boston MA 02114 USA Harvard Med Sch Boston MA 02115 USA Broad Inst MIT & Harvard Med & Populat Genet Cambridge MA 02142 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Med San Francisco CA USA

Orthogonal confirmation of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-detected germline variants is standard practice, although published studies have suggested that confirmation of the highest-quality calls may not always be necessary. The key question is how Laboratories can establish criteria that consistently identify those NGS calls that require confirmation. Most prior studies addressing this question have had limitations: they have been generally of small scale, omitted statistical justification, and explored limited aspects of underlying data. The rigorous definition of criteria that separate high-accuracy NGS calls from those that may or may not be true remains a crucial issue. We analyzed five reference samples and over 80,000 patient specimens from two laboratories. Quality metrics were examined for approximately 200,000 NGS calls with orthogonal data, including 1662 false positives. A classification algorithm used these data to identify a battery of criteria that flag 100% of false positives as requiring confirmation (CI lower bound, 98.5% to 99.8%, depending on variant type) white minimizing the number of flagged true positives. These criteria identify false positives that the previously published criteria miss. Sampling analysis showed that smaller data sets resulted in less effective criteria. Our methodology for determining test- and laboratory-specific criteria can be generalized into a practical approach that can be used by laboratories to reduce the cost and time burdens of confirmation without affecting clinical accuracy.

关键词： sorting algorithm Orthogonal Genetic Testing Dataset model cars calls germ line False-positives Laboratories

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Potential of mid-infrared spectroscopy as a non-invasive diagnostic test in urine for endometrial or ovarian cancer

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ANALYST 2018年第13期143卷 3156-3163页

作者： Paraskevaidi, Maria Morais, Camilo L. M. Lima, Kassio M. G. Ashton, Katherine M. Stringfellow, Helen F. Martin-Hirsch, Pierre L. Martin, Francis L. Univ Cent Lancashire Sch Pharm & Biomed Sci Preston PR1 2HE Lancs England Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte Inst Chem Biol Chem & Chemometr BR-59072970 Natal RN Brazil Lancashire Teaching Hosp NHS Fdn Pathol Dept Preston PR2 9HT Lancs England Lancashire Teaching Hosp NHS Fdn Dept Obstet & Gynaecol Preston PR2 9HT Lancs England

The current lack of an accurate, cost-effective and non-invasive test that would allow for screening and diagnosis of gynaecological carcinomas, such as endometrial and ovarian cancer, signals the necessity for alternative approaches. The potential of spectroscopic techniques in disease investigation and diagnosis has been previously demonstrated. Here, we used attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to analyse urine samples from women with endometrial (n = 10) and ovarian cancer (n = 10), as well as from healthy individuals (n = 10). After applying multivariate analysis and classification algorithms, biomarkers of disease were pointed out and high levels of accuracy were achieved for both endometrial (95% sensitivity, 100% specificity;accuracy: 95%) and ovarian cancer (100% sensitivity, 96.3% specificity;accuracy 100%). The efficacy of this approach, in combination with the non-invasive method for urine collection, suggest a potential diagnostic tool for endometrial and ovarian cancers.

关键词： multivariate analysis Ovary Cancer Urine Specimen Collection spectroscopic techniques rise level diagnostic tool urine specimen sorting algorithm maladjustment

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Induced sorting Suffixes in External Memory

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2015年第3期33卷 12-12页

作者： Nong, Ge Chan, Wai Hong Hu, Sheng Qing Wu, Yi Sun Yat Sen Univ Dept Comp Sci SYSU CMU Shunde Int Joint Res Inst Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China Hong Kong Inst Educ Dept Math & Informat Technol Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Dept Comp Sci Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China

We present in this article an external memory algorithm, called disk SA-IS (DSA-IS), to exactly emulate the induced sorting algorithm SA-IS previously proposed for sorting suffixes in RAM. DSA-IS is a new disk-friendly method for sequentially retrieving the preceding character of a sorted suffix to induce the order of the preceding suffix. For a size-n string of a constant or integer alphabet, given the RAM capacity Omega((nW)(0.5)), where W is the size of each I/O buffer that is large enough to amortize the overhead of each access to disk, both the CPU time and peak disk use of DSA-IS are O(n). Our experimental study shows that on average, DSA-IS achieves the best time and space results of all of the existing external memory algorithms based on the induced sorting principle.

关键词： algorithms Performance Suffix array sorting algorithm external memory

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Interactive and visual fuzzy classification of remotely sensed imagery for exploration of uncertainty

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE 2004年第5期18卷 491-512页

作者： Lucieer, A Kraak, MJ Int Inst Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat Dept Geoinformat Proc NL-7500 AA Enschede Netherlands

In this study, we propose, describe, and demonstrate a new geovisualization tool to demonstrate the use of exploratory and interactive visualization techniques for a visual fuzzy classification of remotely sensed imagery. The proposed tool uses dynamically linked views, consisting of an image display, a parallel coordinate plot, a 3D feature space plot, and a classified map with an uncertainty map. It allows a geoscientist to interact with the parameters of a fuzzy classification algorithm by visually adjusting fuzzy membership functions and fuzzy transition zones of land-cover classes. The purpose of this tool is to improve insight into fuzzy classification of remotely sensed imagery and related uncertainty. We tested our tool with a visual fuzzy land-cover classification of a Landsat 7 ETM+ image of an area in southern France characterized by objects with indeterminate boundaries. Good results were obtained with the visual classifier. Additionally, a focus-group user test of the tool showed that insight into a fuzzy classification algorithm and classification uncertainty improved considerably.

关键词： Uncertainty Fuzzy Visualization Exploration Insight fuzzy membership function Interactive sorting algorithm

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Homogeneous models of C3 Monge geometries

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DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS 2019年 63卷 50-83页

作者： Gutt, Jan Polish Acad Sci Ctr Theoret Phys Al Lotnikow 32-46 PL-02668 Warsaw Poland

Distributions of Monge type are a class of strongly regular bracket-generating distributions introduced by I. Anderson, Zh. Nie and P. Nurowski. Their symbol algebras prolong to simple graded Lie algebras, thus allowing one to associate a parabolic geometry to any given Monge distribution. This article is devoted to the classification problem for homogeneous models of Monge distributions of type C-3 in dimension eight, and is complementary to a paper by I. Anderson and P. Nurowski. The general classification algorithm, as well as most of its application to the particular problem, are joint work with Ian Anderson. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： iodine Complementary Algebra Best value Lie algebras sorting algorithm

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Functional specialization within rostral prefrontal cortex (Area 10): A meta-analysis

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JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE 2006年第6期18卷 932-948页

作者： Gilbert, Sam J. Spengler, Stephanie Simons, Jon S. Steele, J. Douglas Lawrie, Stephen M. Frith, Christopher D. Burgess, Paul W. UCL London England Univ Aberdeen Aberdeen AB9 1FX Scotland Univ Edinburgh Aberdeen AB9 1FX Scotland

One of the least well understood regions of the human brain is rostral prefrontal cortex, approximating Brodmann's area, 10. Here, we investigate the possibility that there are functional subdivisions within this region by conducting a meta-analysis of 104 functional neuroimaging studies (using positron emission tomography/functional magnetic resonance imaging). Studies involving working memory and episodic memory retrieval were disproportionately associated with lateral activations, whereas studies involving mentalizing (i.e., attending to one's own emotions and mental states or those of other agents) were disproportionately associated with medial activations. Functional variation was also observed along a rostral-caudal axis, with studies involving mentalizing yielding relatively caudal activations and studies involving multiple-task coordination yielding relatively rostral activations. A classification algorithm was trained to predict the task, given the coordinates of each activation peak. Performance was well above chance levels (74% for the three most common tasks;45% across all eight tasks investigated) and generalized to data not included in the training set. These results point to considerable functional segregation within rostral prefrontal cortex.

关键词： sorting algorithm Rostral Theory of Mind Coordinates functional specialization wetware Emotions Meta-Analysis Positron emission Working Memory Prefrontal Cortex Memory, Episodic

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Comparative Assessment of Modulation Strategies in Modular Multilevel Converters: An Attempt for a Better Compromise Between the Efficiency and Capacitor Voltages' Dispersion

IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF THE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY

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IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF THE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY 2024年 5卷 1274-1285页

作者： Abdayem, Anthony Sawma, Jean Beneit, Adrian Blasco-Gimenez, Ramon Khatounian, Flavia Monmasson, Eric Univ St Joseph Beyrouth CINET Lab ESIB Beirut 1104 Lebanon CY Cergy Paris Univ SATIE Lab F-95031 Cergy Pontoise France Univ Politecn Valencia Res Inst Automat & Ind Informat Valencia 46022 Spain Univ Politecn Valencia UPV Automat & Ind Informat Res Inst AI2 Valencia 46022 Spain

Modulation techniques for Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) encounter a limit in the tradeoff between reducing the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the load current and minimizing the number of commutations, primarily due to traditional sorting algorithms. This article presents a novel sorting algorithm to address this challenge. This study compares six modulation methods for MMCs: Nearest Level Control (NLC), Integral Modulation (IM), and PWM using a traditional sorting algorithm, alongside their modified versions featuring the novel sorting algorithm. The effectivenss of each modulation technique discussed in this article is verified through experimental tests. The results show that the proposed modulation techniques utilizing the suggested sorting algorithm, effectively decrease the switching number while maintaining the THD of the load currents. However, there is a slight increase in the disparity of the capacitor voltages, which remains controllable. In addition, the study fills a gap in the literature by providing experimental evidence and a theoretical framework demonstrating the superior efficiency of IM over NLC through frequency analysis and experimental results. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed techniques to optimize the MMC performance.

关键词： Capacitors sorting Voltage control Modulation Pulse width modulation Industrial electronics Total harmonic distortion Modular multilevel converter (MMC) modulation technique nearest level control (NLC) integral modulation technique (IM) pulse width modulation (PWM) sorting algorithm commutation losses total harmonic distortion (THD)

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A classification paradigm for distributed vertically partitioned data

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NEURAL COMPUTATION 2004年第7期16卷 1525-1544页

作者： Basak, J Kothari, R Indian Inst Technol IBM India Res Lab New Delhi 110016 India

In general, pattern classification algorithms assume that all the features are available during the construction of a classifier and its subsequent use. In many practical situations, data are recorded in different servers that are geographically apart, and each server observes features of local interest. The underlying infrastructure and other logistics (such as access control) in many cases do not permit continual synchronization. Each server thus has a partial view of the data in the sense that feature subsets (not necessarily disjoint) are available at each server. In this article, we present a classification algorithm for this distributed vertically partitioned data. We assume that local classifiers can be constructed based on the local partial views of the data available at each server. These local classifiers can be any one of the many standard classifiers (e.g., neural networks, decision tree, k nearest neighbor). Often these local classifiers are constructed to support decision making at each location, and our focus is not on these individual local classifiers. Rather, our focus is constructing a classifier that can use these local classifiers to achieve an error rate that is as close as possible to that of a classifier having access to the entire feature set. We empirically demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm and also provide theoretical results quantifying the loss that results as compared to the situation where the entire feature set is available to any single classifier.

关键词： sorting algorithm access control Information retrieval systems-Teletext and videotex local view Servers Classifiers

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