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SIMPLIFIED ODD-EVEN SORT USING MULTIPLE SHIFT-REGISTER LOOPS

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER & INFORMATION SCIENCES 1978年第3期7卷 295-314页

作者： CHEN, TC ESWARAN, KP LUM, VY TUNG, C IBM Research Laboratory San Jose

By using anN-loop shift-register structure called a uniform ladder,N records can be sorted by a simplified adaptation of the odd-even transposition-sort algorithm to finish in (N + 1)/2 loop times (periods) using (N − 1) comparators. The sorting can be overlapped with input/output; the percentage of unoverlapped sorting times is less than 20% of the total time with a single ladder, less than 6% using two ladders, and is zero with a sufficient number of ladders.

关键词： shift registers sorting algorithm grade Loops Ladders sorting programs

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The Uncracked Pieces in Database Cracking

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE VLDB ENDOWMENT 2013年第2期7卷 97-108页

作者： Schuhknecht, Felix Martin Jindal, Alekh Dittrich, Jens Saarland Univ Informat Syst Grp Saarbrucken Germany MIT CSAIL Cambridge MA 02139 USA

Database cracking has been an area of active research in recent years. The core idea of database cracking is to create indexes adaptively and incrementally as a side-product of query processing. Several works have proposed different cracking techniques for different aspects including updates, tuple-reconstruction, convergence, concurrency-control, and robustness. However, there is a lack of any comparative study of these different methods by an independent group. In this paper, we conduct an experimental study on database cracking. Our goal is to critically review several aspects, identify the potential, and propose promising directions in database cracking. With this study, we hope to expand the scope of database cracking and possibly leverage cracking in database engines other than MonetDB. We repeat several prior database cracking works including the core cracking algorithms as well as three other works on convergence (hybrid cracking), tuple-reconstruction (sideways cracking), and robustness (stochastic cracking) respectively. We evaluate these works and show possible directions to do even better. We further test cracking under a variety of experimental settings, including high selectivity queries, low selectivity queries, and multiple query access patterns. Finally, we compare cracking against different sorting algorithms as well as against different main-memory optimised indexes, including the recently proposed Adaptive Radix Tree (ART). Our results show that: (i) the previously proposed cracking algorithms are repeatable, (ii) there is still enough room to significantly improve the previously proposed cracking algorithms, (iii) cracking depends heavily on query selectivity, (iv) cracking needs to catch up with modern indexing trends, and (v) different indexing algorithms have different indexing signatures.

关键词： Cracks Concurrency control Database systems Indexing (of information) Query processing Stochastic systems Comparative studies Experimental settings High selectivity Indexing algorithms Multiple queries Query selectivity sorting algorithm Tuple reconstruction

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Electronic Medical Records for Discovery Research in Rheumatoid Arthritis

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ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH 2010年第8期62卷 1120-1127页

作者： Liao, Katherine P. Cai, Tianxi Gainer, Vivian Goryachev, Sergey Zeng-Treitler, Qing Raychaudhuri, Soumya Szolovits, Peter Churchill, Susanne Murphy, Shawn Kohane, Isaac Karlson, Elizabeth W. Plenge, Robert M. Brigham & Womens Hosp Div Rheumatol Allergy & Immunol Boston MA 02115 USA Harvard Univ Sch Publ Hlth Boston MA 02115 USA Partners Healthcare Syst Boston MA USA Univ Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Broad Inst Cambridge MA USA MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Boston MA 02114 USA

Electronic medical records (EMRs) are a rich data source for discovery research but are underutilized due to the difficulty of extracting highly accurate clinical data. We assessed whether a classification algorithm incorporating narrative EMR data (typed physician notes) more accurately classifies subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with an algorithm using codified EMR data alone.

关键词： sorting algorithm Electronic Health Records algorithms Rheumatoid Arthritis p-phenyl vinyl Data sources

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Succinct suffix sorting in external memory

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INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT 2021年第1期58卷 102378-102378页

作者： Han, Ling Bo Wu, Yi Nong, Ge Sun Yat Sen Univ Sch Data & Comp Sci Guangzhou Peoples R China State Grid Shanghai Elect Power Res Inst Shanghai Peoples R China

Given a size-N input string X, a number of algorithms have been proposed to sort the suffixes of X into the output suffix array using the inducing methods. While the existing algorithms eSAIS, DSAIS, and fSAIS presented remarkable time and space results for suffix sorting in external memory, there are still potentials for further improvements. We propose here a new algorithm called nSAIS by reinventing the core inducing procedure in DSAIS with a new set of data structures for running faster and using less space. The suffix array is computed recursively and the inducing procedure on each recursion level is performed block by block to facilitate sequential I/Os. If X has a byte-alphabet and N = (M-2/B), where M and B are the sizes of internal memory and I/O block, respectively, nSAIS guarantees a workspace less than N bytes besides input and output while keeping the linear I/O volume (N) which is the best known so far for external-memory inducing methods. Our experiments on typical settings show that, our program for nSAIS with 40-bit integers not only runs faster than the existing representative external memory algorithms when N keeps growing, but also always uses the least disk space around 6.1 bytes on average. The techniques proposed by this study can be utilized to develop fast and succinct suffix sorters in external memory.

关键词： Suffix array sorting algorithm external memory

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PMSort: An adaptive sorting engine for persistent memory

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE 2021年 120卷

作者： Hua, Yifan Huang, Kaixin Zheng, Shengan Huang, Linpeng Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Peoples R China

Emerging persistent memory (PM, also termed as non-volatile memory) technologies can promise large capacity, non-volatility, byte-addressability and DRAM-comparable access latency. A host of PM-based storage systems and applications that store and access data directly in PM have been inspired by such amazing features. sorting is an important function for many systems, but how to optimize sorting for PM-based systems has not been systematically studied. In this paper, we conduct extensive experiments for many existing sorting methods, including both conventional sorting algorithms adapted for PM and recently-proposed PM-friendly sorting techniques, on a DRAM and real PM hybrid platform. The results indicate that these sorting methods all have drawbacks for various workloads. Some of the results are even counterintuitive compared to running on a DRAM-simulated platform in their papers. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to perform a systematic study on the sorting issue for persistent memory. Based on our study, we summarize principles on selecting the optimal algorithms and propose an adaptive sorting engine called PMSort to perform the selecting operation and reduce failure recovery overhead in PM. We conduct extensive experiments and show that PMSort can select the best sorting algorithm in a variety of cases.

关键词： Persistent memory sorting algorithm Wear-leveling Failure recovery

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MBGD: microbial genome database for comparative analysis

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NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH 2003年第1期31卷 58-62页

作者： Uchiyama, I Okazaki Natl Res Inst Res Ctr Computat Sci Okazaki Aichi 4448585 Japan

MBGD is a workbench system for comparative analysis of completely sequenced microbial genomes. The central function of MBGD is to create an orthologous gene classification table using precomputed all-against-all similarity relationships among genes in multiple genomes. In MBGD, an automated classification algorithm has been implemented so that users can create their own classification table by specifying a set of organisms and parameters. This feature is especially useful when the user's interest is focused on some taxonomically related organisms. The created classification table is stored into the database and can be explored combining with the data of individual genomes as well as similarity relationships among genomes. Using these data, users can carry out comparative analyses from various points of view, such as phylogenetic pattern analysis, gene order comparison and detailed gene structure comparison. MBGD is accessible at http://***/.

关键词： Genome sorting algorithm Genes Genomics Gene Order Workbenches Database

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AN INTERNAL HYBRID SORT algorithm REVISITED

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COMPUTER JOURNAL 1992年第2期35卷 177-183页

作者： NEVALAINEN, O RAITA, T Department of Mathematical Sciences Computer Science University of Turku SF-20500 Turku Finland

Two hybrid methods of distributive sort and quicksort are given. The first method sorts an array of records and the second one sorts a linearly linked list in a stable way. The expected running time of the methods is O(n) for n records and for a wide class of distributions of the keys (including all bounded densities with a compact support). For most other distributions the running time is O(n log n), and the worst case time is O(n2). The array version needs extra storage space for n records and approximately n/5 integers. In the linked list version only an array of n/5 pointers is needed. The observed running times of the algorithms compare favourably with those of other efficient bucket sort algorithms.

关键词： sorting algorithm Keys worst case design QUICKSORT arrays Runtime chain table Cays Records as Topic storage spaces algorithms Keys sorting programs

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Traffic measurement and vehicle classification with single magnetic sensor

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DATA INITIATIVES 2005年第1917期 173-181页

作者： Cheung, SY Coleri, S Dundar, B Ganesh, S Tan, CW Varaiya, P Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Wireless magnetic sensor networks offer an attractive, low-cost alternative to inductive loops for traffic measurement in freeways and at intersections. In addition to providing vehicle count, occupancy, and speed, these sensors yield information (such as non-axle-based vehicle classification) that cannot be obtained from standard loop data. Because such networks can be deployed quickly, they can be used (and reused) for temporary traffic measurement. This paper reports the detection capabilities of magnetic sensors on the basis of two field experiments. The first experiment collected a 2-h trace of measurements on Hearst Avenue in Berkeley, California. The vehicle detection rate was better than 99% (100% for vehicles other than motorcycles), and estimates of average vehicle length and speed appear to have been better than 90%. The measurements also yield intervehicle spacing or headways, revealing interesting phenomena such as platoon formation downstream of a traffic signal. Results of the second experiment are preliminary. Sensor data from 37 passing vehicles at the same site are processed and classified into six types. Sixty percent of the vehicles are classified correctly when length is not used as a feature. The classification algorithm can be implemented in real time by the sensor node itself, in contrast to other methods based on high-scan-rate inductive loop signals, which require extensive off-line computation. It is believed that if length were used as a feature, 80% to 90% of vehicles would be correctly classified.

关键词： line computation Sensor Data Vehicle length Magnetic sensors Vehicle classification vehicle detection capability Freeway traffic measurement sorting algorithm Induction coils Motorcycles

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Pain following cancer treatment: Guidelines for the clinical classification of predominant neuropathic, nociceptive and central sensitization pain

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ACTA ONCOLOGICA 2016年第6期55卷 659-663页

作者： Nijs, Jo Leysen, Laurence Adriaenssens, Nele Aguilar Ferrandiz, Maria Encarnacion Devoogdt, Nele Tassenoy, An Ickmans, Kelly Goubert, Dorien van Wilgen, C. Paul Wijma, Amarins J. Kuppens, Kevin Hoelen, Wouter Hoelen, Astrid Moloney, Niamh Meeus, Mira Vrije Univ Brussel Pain Mot Int Res Grp Fac Phys Educ & Physiotherapy B-1090 Brussels Belgium Vrije Univ Brussel Dept Physiotherapy Human Physiol & Anat Fac Phys Educ & Physiotherapy B-1090 Brussels Belgium Univ Hosp Brussels Dept Phys Med & Physiotherapy Brussels Belgium Univ Hosp Brussels Dept Oncol Brussels Belgium Univ Hosp Leuven Dept Phys Med & Rehabil Leuven Belgium KU Leuven Univ Leuven Dept Rehabil Sci Leuven Belgium Transcare Transdisciplinairy Painmanagement Ctr Groningen Netherlands European Coll Decongest Lymphat Therapy Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Antwerp Fac Med Rehabil Sci & Physiotherapy B-2020 Antwerp Belgium Univ Ghent Dept Rehabil Sci B-9000 Ghent Belgium Univ Granada Dept Phys Therapy E-18071 Granada Spain Macquarie Univ Dept Hlth Sci N Ryde NSW 2109 Australia

Background: In addition to fatigue, pain is the most frequent persistent symptom in cancer survivors. Clear guidelines for both the diagnosis and treatment of pain in cancer survivors are lacking. Classification of pain is important as it may facilitate more specific targeting of treatment. In this paper we present an overview of nociceptive, neuropathic and central sensitization pain following cancer treatment, as well as the rationale, criteria and process for stratifying pain *** and methods: Recently, a clinical method for classifying any pain as either predominant central sensitization pain, neuropathic or nociceptive pain was developed, based on a large body of research evidence and international expert opinion. We, a team of 15 authors from 13 different centers, four countries and two continents have applied this classification algorithm to the cancer survivor ***: The classification of pain following cancer treatment entails two steps: (1) examining the presence of neuropathic pain;and (2) using an algorithm for differentiating predominant nociceptive and central sensitization pain. Step 1 builds on the established criteria for neuropathic pain diagnosis, while Step 2 applies a recently developed clinical method for classifying any pain as either predominant central sensitization pain, neuropathic or nociceptive pain to the cancer survivor ***: The classification criteria allow identifying central sensitization pain following cancer treatment. The recognition of central sensitization pain in practice is an important development in the integration of pain neuroscience into the clinic, and one that is relevant for people undergoing and following cancer treatment.

关键词： sorting algorithm cancer therapy Nociceptive Pain cancer survivor Central Nervous System Sensitization Neuralgia Pain

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High-performance genome sorting program

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Procedia Computer Science 2021年 193卷 464-473页

作者： Vasily Kasilov Pavel Drobintsev Nikita Voinov Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Polytechnicheskaya 29 St.Petersburg 195251 Russia

This paper is devoted to the practical application of parallel sorting algorithms and parallel input-output methods for the problem of genome alignment. The paper considers different approaches to the implementation of such algorithms, taking into account the capabilities of high-performance systems. Main purpose of the work is to develop a genome sorting program, the efficiency of which significantly exceeds the efficiency of free software analogues. The genome sorting program is implemented for a supercomputer using the C++ language and the OpenMP and OpenMPI. The developed program demonstrates a significant increase in the speed of operation (up to 10 times) compared to free software analogues due to massive parallel data input and output. Different approaches for data input/output parallelization and data processing considered in the paper can be applied in other subject areas.

关键词： genome sorting algorithm alignment BAM SAM files OpenMP HPC

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