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Regional vegetation mapping and direct land surface parameterization from remotely sensed and site data

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING 2002年第6期23卷 1125-1142页

作者： Muchoney, D Strahler, A Boston Univ Dept Geog Ctr Remote Sensing Boston MA 02215 USA

Given the ability to define vegetation and land cover at the site level based on attributes such as physiognomy, horizontal and vertical structure, vegetation phenology and leaf morphology, direct parameterization and mapping using remotely sensed data can enhance the ability to characterize and monitor these important biogeophysical parameters. This research reports on the integrated analysis of site and remote sensing data to directly predict and map land surface biophysical parameters relating to structure, morphology, phenology and physiognomy, as an alternative to using intermediate classification categorizations to relate these site variables/parameters to remote sensing features. Correlation analyses were performed with the objective of finding appropriate remote sensing features to discriminate site variables/parameters, given site-level biogeophysical and ecological information. The direct parameterization technique that best predicted regional vegetation parameters was the Gaussian ARTMAP neural network supervised classification algorithm.

关键词： Gaussian ARTMAP remote-sensing data sorting algorithm remote sensing vegetation leaf morphology Anatomic Site land cover vegetation mapping Land surface Physiognomy parameterization

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Multimode Pareto fronts for design of reconfigurable analogue circuits

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2009年第2期45卷 95-96页

作者： Castro-Lopez, R. Roca, E. Fernandez, F. V. Univ Seville CSIC IMSE CNM E-41012 Seville Spain

Multimode Pareto-optimal fronts are presented. This is a novel concept that can be key in the design of reconfigurable analogue circuits, because it contains information not only on the trade-offs among the circuit performances, but also on its reconfiguration capabilities. A method to generate the front, relying on evolutionary optimisation, and a general dominance sorting algorithm that guides the optimisation, are both described.

关键词： Circuit optimization analog circuits configurability sorting algorithm Reconfiguration

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Maritime Border Control Multisensor System

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IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE 2009年第8期24卷 9-15页

作者： Giompapa, S. Gini, F. Farina, A. Graziano, A. Croci, R. DiStefano, R. Univ Pisa Dept Ingn Informaz I-56122 Pisa Italy SELEX Sistemi Integrati I-00131 Rome Italy

This focuses on the classification task performed into a multi-sensor system for the coastal surveillance. The system is composed of two platforms of sensors: a land-based platform equipped with a land based radar, an Automatic Identification System (AIS) and an infrared camera (IR);an airborne platform carrying an airborne radar that can operate in a spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mode, a video camera, and a second IR camera. The tasks performed by the system are the detection, tracking, identification, and classification of multiple targets, the evaluation of their threat level, and the selection of an intervention on them. The classification algorithm implemented inside the system exploits an analytical approach based on the confusion matrix (CM) of the imaging sensors that belong to the system. Some measures of effectiveness (MoE) of the system are evaluated, considering both cases where an ideal error-free classification process and a non-ideal classification process are performed.

关键词： Cameras sorting algorithm Coastal surveillance Video cameras Platform confusion matrix Measures of effectiveness spotlight synthetic aperture radar Sensors (image) airborne radar automated identification system Sensor systems

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An efficient robust sound classification algorithm for hearing aids

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JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2004年第6期115卷 3033-3041页

作者： Nordqvist, P Leijon, A Royal Inst Technol Dept Speech Music & Hearing SE-10044 Stockholm Sweden

An efficient robust sound classification algorithm based on hidden Markov models is presented. The system would enable a hearing aid to automatically change its behavior for differing listening environments according to the user's preferences. This work attempts to distinguish between three listening environment categories: speech in traffic noise, speech in babble, and clean speech, regardless of the signal-to-noise ratio. The classifier uses only the modulation characteristics of the signal. The classifier ignores the absolute sound pressure level and the absolute spectrum shape, resulting in an algorithm that is robust against irrelevant acoustic variations. The measured classification hit rate was 96.7%-99.5% when the classifier was tested with sounds representing one of the three environment categories included in the classifier. False-alarm rates were 0.2%-1.7% in these tests. The algorithm is robust and efficient and consumes a small amount of instructions and memory. It is fully possible to implement-the classifier in a DSP-based hearing instrument. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America.

关键词： Classifiers Vibration Infant Vocalization Robustness Hidden Markov models User preferences Spectral shape modulation characteristic Hearing Aids Speech SOUND sorting algorithm

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PERFECT-SHUFFLE INTERCONNECTED BITONIC SORTER - OPTOELECTRONIC DESIGN

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APPLIED OPTICS 1995年第23期34卷 5077-5090页

作者： DESMULLIEZ, MPY TOOLEY, FAP DINES, JAB GRANT, NL GOODWILL, DJ BAILLIE, D WHERRETT, BS FOULK, PW ASHCROFT, S BLACK, P HERIOT WATT UNIV DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGNEDINBURGH EH14 4ASMIDLOTHIANSCOTLAND

The algorithmic, electronic, and optical aspects of the implementation of a perfect-shuffle interconnected bitonic sorter are analyzed. The performance metrics such as the bit output data rate and the power consumption of the system are quantified. The sorting module is designed to demonstrate the parallel nonlocal interconnection of smart-pixel arrays and the use of optical-image control masks in a functioning information processor.

关键词： OPTICAL COMPUTING OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS PERFECT SHUFFLE OPTICAL SYSTEMS sorting algorithm

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algorithm for Reaction Classification

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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING 2013年第11期53卷 2884-2895页

作者： Kraut, Hans Eiblmaier, Josef Grethe, Guenter Loew, Peter Matuszczyk, Heinz Saller, Heinz InfoChem GmbH D-81241 Munich Bavaria Germany

Reaction classification has important applications, and many approaches to classification have been applied. Our own algorithm tests all maximum common substructures (MCS) between all reactant and product molecules in order to find an atom mapping containing the minimum chemical distance (MCD). Recent publications have concluded that new MCS algorithms need to be compared with existing methods in a reproducible environment, preferably on a generalized test set, yet the number of test sets available is small, and they are not truly representative of the range of reactions that occur in real reaction databases. We have designed a challenging test set of reactions and are making it publicly available and usable with InfoChem's software or other classification algorithms. We supply a representative set of example reactions, grouped into different levels of difficulty, from a large number of reaction databases that chemists actually encounter in practice, in order to demonstrate the basic requirements for a mapping algorithm to detect the reaction centers in a consistent way. We invite the scientific community to contribute to the future extension and improvement of this data set, to achieve the goal of a common standard.

关键词： algorithm reaction classification Reaction centers sorting algorithm Taxonomy REACTION MCS gene algorithms TEST SETS scientific community

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TRAFFIC PATTERN DETECTION IN A PARTIALLY DEPLOYED VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORK OF VEHICLES

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IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2009年第6期16卷 40-46页

作者： Vaqar, Sayyid A. Basir, Otman Univ Waterloo Dept Elect & Comp Engn Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

Knowledge about traffic conditions on the road play an important role in route planning and avoiding traffic jams. With recent developments in technology, it is possible for vehicles to be equipped with communication and GPS systems. Equipped vehicles on the road can act as nodes to form a vehicular ad hoc network. These nodes can collect information regarding traffic conditions such as position, speed, and direction from other participating nodes. Depending on the number of participating nodes in the ad hoc network, this collected information can provide useful information on driving conditions to the node collecting this information. With proper analysis this information can be used in detecting and/or predicting traffic jam conditions on freeways. In this article the traffic information gathered by a node in an ad hoc network is viewed as a snapshot in time of the current traffic conditions on the road segment. This snapshot is considered as a pattern in time of the current traffic conditions. The pattern. is analyzed using pattern recognition techniques. A weight-of-evidence-based classification algorithm is presented to identify different road traffic conditions. The algorithm is tested using data generated by microscopic modeling of traffic flow for simulation of vehicle or node mobility in ad hoc networks. Test results are presented depicting different percentage levels of vehicles equipped with communication capability.

关键词： vehicle Line of nodes Ad hoc networks sorting algorithm traffic patterns Snapshots Freeway Technology Development route planning Road Traffic Driving Conditions Ganglia traffic congestion Traffic information

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Software Engineering and Scale-Free Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS 2009年第4期39卷 845-854页

作者： Wen, Lian Dromey, R. Geoff Kirk, Diana Griffith Univ Software Qual Inst Brisbane Qld 4111 Australia Auckland Univ Technol Auckland 1142 New Zealand

Complex-network theory is a new approach in studying different types of large systems in both the physical and the abstract worlds. In this paper, we have studied two kinds of network from software engineering: the component dependence network and the sorting comparison network (SCN). It is found that they both show the same scale-free property under certain conditions as complex networks in other fields. These results suggest that complex-network theory can be a useful approach to the study of software systems. The special properties of SCNs provide a more repeatable and deterministic way to study the evolution and optimization of complex networks. They also suggest that the closer a sorting algorithm is to the theoretical optimal limit, the more its SCN is like a scale-free network. This may also indicate that, to store and retrieve information efficiently, a concept network might need to be scale-free.

关键词： Concept network (CN) scale-free network software engineering sorting algorithm

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Reducing Computational Complexity of Gating Procedures Using sorting algorithms

Reducing Computational Complexity of Gating Procedures Using...

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Viet Duc Nguyen Tim Claussen Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel

ISBN: (纸本)9781479902842

Gating is an important part in many data association algorithms, specifically tracking algorithms. Its purpose is the preselection of suitable measurements or observations respectively in order to avoid unlikely measurement-to-track associations. As such, it can be essential for a low computational load. A very common gating method is individual ellipsoidal gating incorporating the Mahalanobis distance. On the one hand it is a reliable gating method used in many different tracking techniques, e.g., the global nearest neighbor method or the Multi-Hypothesis Tracking approach, but on the other hand it can be also very time consuming due to the inversions of covariance matrices related to all the measurement-to-track pairs. In this paper a Gating-by-sorting approach is proposed to accelerate the gating procedure significantly. It uses sorting algorithms to carry out coarse gating followed by a second ellipsoidal gating step. The gating approach is incorporated into a multi-hypothesis tracker and applied to a real radar dataset. Results are obtained by measuring the computational load within tracking processes. They show that the proposed gating algorithm outperforms classical ellipsoidal gating by orders of magnitude.

关键词： sorting algorithm complexity classes nearest neighbor algorithm Primary election data association Inversion tracking

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Variation in target volume and centroid position due to breath holding during four-dimensional computed tomography scanning: A phantom study

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED CLINICAL MEDICAL PHYSICS 2020年第1期21卷 11-17页

作者： Miyamae, Yuta Akimoto, Mami Sasaki, Makoto Fujimoto, Takahiro Yano, Shinsuke Nakamura, Mitsuhiro Kyoto Univ Hosp Div Clin Radiol Serv Kyoto Japan Natl Canc Ctr Dept Radiol Technol Radiol Diag Tokyo Japan Kurashiki Cent Hosp Dept Radiat Oncol Okayama Japan Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Med Div Med Phys Dept Informat Technol & Med EngnHuman Hlth Sci Kyoto Japan

This study investigated the effects of respiratory motion, including unwanted breath holding, on the target volume and centroid position on four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) imaging. Cine 4DCT images were reconstructed based on a time-based sorting algorithm, and helical 4DCT images were reconstructed based on both the time-based sorting algorithm and an amplitude-based sorting algorithm. A spherical object 20 mm in diameter was moved according to several simulated respiratory motions, with a motion period of 4.0 s and maximum amplitude of 5 mm. The object was extracted automatically, and the target volume and centroid position in the craniocaudal direction were measured using a treatment planning system. When the respiratory motion included unwanted breath-holding times shorter than the breathing cycle, the root mean square errors (RSME) between the reference and imaged target volumes were 18.8%, 14.0%, and 5.5% in time-based images in cine mode, time-based images in helical mode, and amplitude-based images in helical mode, respectively. In helical mode, the RSME between the reference and imaged centroid position was reduced from 1.42 to 0.50 mm by changing the reconstruction method from time- to amplitude-based sorting. When the respiratory motion included unwanted breath-holding times equal to the breathing cycle, the RSME between the reference and imaged target volumes were 19.1%, 24.3%, and 15.6% in time-based images in cine mode, time-based images in helical mode, and amplitude-based images in helical mode, respectively. In helical mode, the RSME between the reference and imaged centroid position was reduced from 1.61 to 0.83 mm by changing the reconstruction method from time- to amplitude-based sorting. With respiratory motion including breath holding of shorter duration than the breathing cycle, the accuracies of the target volume and centroid position were improved by amplitude-based sorting, particularly in helical 4DCT.

关键词： 4DCT breath-holding time scan mode sorting algorithm

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