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Generating a catalog of unanticipated schemas in class hierarchies using Formal Concept analysis

INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2010年第11期52卷 1167-1187页

作者： Arevalo, Gabriela Ducasse, Stephane Gordillo, Silvia Nierstrasz, Oscar FI Univ Austral RA-1063 Buenos Aires DF Argentina LIFIA UNLP RA-1900 La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina INRIA Lille Nord Europe ADAM Team FR-59650 Villeneuve Dascq France Univ Bern SCG IAM CH-3012 Bern Switzerland CICPBA RA-1900 La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn RA-1033 Buenos Aires DF Argentina

Context: Inheritance is the cornerstone of object-oriented development, supporting conceptual modeling, subtype polymorphism and software reuse. But inheritance can be used in subtle ways that make complex systems hard to understand and extend, clue to the presence of implicit dependencies in the inheritance hierarchy. Objective: Although these dependencies often specify well-known schemas (i.e., recurrent design or coding patterns, such as hook and template methods), new unanticipated dependency schemas arise in practice, and can consequently be hard to recognize and detect. Thus, a developer making changes or extensions to an object-oriented system needs to understand these implicit contracts defined by the dependencies between a class and its subclasses, or risk that seemingly innocuous changes break them. Method: To tackle this problem, we have developed an approach based on Formal Concept analysis. Our Formal Concept analysis based-Reverse Engineering methodology (FoCARE) identifies undocumented hierarchical dependencies in a hierarchy by taking into account the existing structure and behavior of classes and subclasses. Results: We validate our approach by applying it to a large and non-trivial case study, yielding a catalog of hierarchy schemas, each one composed of a set of dependencies over methods and attributes in a class hierarchy. We show how the discovered dependency schemas can be used not only to identify good design practices, but also to expose bad smells in design, thereby helping developers in initial reengineering phases to develop a first mental model of a system. Although some of the identified schemas are already documented in existing literature, with our approach based on Formal Concept analysis (FCA), we are also able to identify previously unidentified schemas. Conclusions: FCA is an effective tool because it is an ideal classification mining tool to identify commonalities between software artifacts, and usually these commonalities reveal

关键词： Object-oriented development Class hierarchy schemas source code analysis Formal Concept analysis

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A selection of distinguished papers from the 19th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering 2012

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JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE-EVOLUTION AND PROCESS 2014年第11期26卷 929-930页

作者： Oliveto, Rocco Poshyvanyk, Denys Univ Molise Comp Sci & Sci Computat Lab Pesche Italy Coll William & Mary Dept Comp Sci Williamsburg VA 23185 USA

This special issue contains a selection of distinguished papers from the 19th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering, held in Kingston, Ontario, Canada on October 15th-18th, 2012. The papers address a variety of topics related to reverse engineering, namely the analysis of execution traces, development of fast and efficient forward static slicing techniques, and mining of software repositories aiming at deriving novel patterns related to reverse engineering activities, such as the migration in Java libraries and the analysis of effects of file editing patterns on source code quality. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： reserve engineering software evolution execution traces source code analysis slicing mining software repository library migration software quality

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Using Structured Text source code Metrics and Artificial Neural Networks to Predict Change Proneness at code Tab and Program Organization Level 17

Using Structured Text Source Code Metrics and Artificial Neu...

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10th Innovations in Software Engineering Conference (ISEC)

作者： Kumar, Lov Sureka, Ashish ABB Corp Res Ctr Bangalore Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9781450348560

Structured Text (ST) is a high-level text-based programming language which is part of the IEC 61131-3 standard. ST is widely used in the domain of industrial automation engineering to create Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) programs. ST is a Domain Specific Language (DSL) which is specialized to the Automation Engineering (AE) application domain. ST has specialized features and programming constructs which are different than general purpose programming languages. We define, develop a tool and compute 10 source code metrics and their correlation with each-other at the code Tab (CT) and Program Organization Unit (POU) level for two real-world industrial projects at a leading automation engineering company. We study the correlation between the 10 ST source code metrics and their relationship with change proneness at the CT and POU level by creating experimental dataset consisting of different versions of the system. We build predictive models using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based techniques to predict change proneness of the software. We conduct a series of experiments using various training algorithms and measure the performance of our approach using accuracy and F-measure metrics. We also apply two feature selection techniques to select optimal features aiming to improve the overall accuracy of the classifier.

关键词： Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) Change Proneness Prediction Machine Learning Applications in Software Engineering Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Applications source code analysis source codeMetrics Structured Text (ST)

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Improved Metrics Handling in SonarQube for Software Quality Monitoring 13th

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13th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence (DCAI)

作者： Garcia-Munoz, Javier Garcia-Valls, Marisol Escribano-Barreno, Julio Univ Carlos III Madrid Madrid Spain Indra Sistemas SA Alcobendas Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783319401621;9783319401614

SonarQube platform is an open source initiative with the goal of assessing the quality of the software projects. Currently, contributors have focused on providing source code analysis functions essentially for Java-based projects. However, in certain domains Java is not the predominant language such as critical software projects in transport, avionics, ormedical systems. This paper presents howto provide plugins to enhance the current capabilities of the platform in order to include coding rules analysis results from external tools;the platform is then enriched with the results of external tools.

关键词： Software quality source code analysis Coding rules analysis

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Software artifacts recovery using abstract regular expressions

Software artifacts recovery using abstract regular expressio...

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11th IEEE International Multitopic Conference

作者： Rasool, Ghulam Asif, Nadim CIIT Lahore Dept Comp Sci Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424415526

Program comprehension and artifacts recovery of legacy software systems is assisted by tools that match patterns oil the source code of different programming languages and text flies. There are different capable pattern matching tools including lexical, syntactic and semantic restricted by limitations. The lexical pattern matchers have been given excellent performance, known for case of use and abstract regular expression capabilities. Despite the high degree of performance in pattern matching, these matchers have limited vocabulary that restricts the eclectic restructuring of software components. The syntactic pattern matcher provides precision but may sacrifice the performance, robustness, or power. It is imperative to use the superlative features of both the lexical and syntactic tools that ensure performance, precision and high degree of innovative vocabulary. This paper present a lexical based Pattern matching technique using abstract regular expressions and design recovery tool(DRT) incorporating superlative features of lexical an syntactic pattern matching tools to extract artifacts from legacy software applications.

关键词： artifact recovery pattern matching regular expressions reverse engineering source code analysis

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Sextant: A Tool to Specify and Visualize Software Metrics for Java source-code

Sextant: A Tool to Specify and Visualize Software Metrics fo...

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4th International Workshop on Emerging Trends in Software Metrics (WETSoM)

作者： Winter, Victor Reinke, Carl Guerrero, Jonathan Univ Nebraska Dept Comp Sci Omaha NE 68182 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467363310

The success of software development efforts typically require guidance derived from a deep understanding of its design space. Well-crafted software metrics can impart invaluable insight into the nature of software and can provide the underpinnings for informed decisions involving design and implementation trade-offs. Leveraging metrics to their full capacity requires (1) the ability to quickly develop custom metrics that are domain-specific and even application specific, and (2) the ability to present metrics-related information in a comprehensible fashion. This paper describes a tool, called Sextant, whose purpose is to achieve the goals stated in the previous paragraph. An overview of Sextant is given followed by two in-depth real-world examples of how the use of metrics can positively impact software development efforts.

关键词： software metrics source code analysis software visualization program transformation Java Sextant

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ConFuzz-A Concurrency Fuzzer 1st

ConFuzz-A Concurrency Fuzzer

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1st International Conference on Sustainable Technologies for Computational Intelligence (ICTSCI)

作者： Vinesh, Nischai Sethumadhavan, M. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Sch Engn TIFAC CORE Cyber Secur Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9789811500299;9789811500282

Concurrency bugs are as equally vulnerable as the bugs found in the single-threaded programs and these bugs can be exploited using concurrency attacks. Unfortunately, there is not much literature available in detecting various kinds of concurrency issues in a multi-threaded program due to its complexity and uncertainty. In this paper, we aim at detecting concurrency bugs by using directed evolutionary fuzzing with the help of static analysis of the source code. Concurrency bug detection involves two main entities: an input and a particular thread execution order. The evolutionary part of fuzzing will prefer inputs that involve memory access patterns across threads (data flow interleaving) and thread ordering that disturb the data dependence more and direct them to trigger concurrency bugs. This paper suggests the idea of a concurrency fuzzer, which is first of its kind. We use a combination of LLVM, Thread Sanitizer and fuzzing techniques to detect various concurrency issues in an application. The source code of the application is statically analyzed for various paths, from the different thread related function calls to the main function. Every basic block in these paths are assigned a unique ID and a weight based on the distance of the basic block from the thread function calls. These basic blocks are instrumented to print their ID and weight upon execution. The knowledge about the basic blocks in the sliced paths are used to generate new sets of inputs from the old ones, thus covering even more basic blocks in the path and thereby increasing the chances of hitting a concurrency warning. We use Thread Sanitizer present in the LLVM compiler infrastructure to detect the concurrency bug warnings while executing each input. The inputs are directed to discover even new address locations with possible concurrency issues. The system was tested on three simple multi-threaded applications pigz, pbzip2, and pixz. The results show a quicker detection of unique addresses in th

关键词： Concurrency fuzzing Concurrency bugs LLVM Fuzzing Static analysis source code analysis

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Reverse Engineering PL/SQL Legacy code: An Experience Report 30

Reverse Engineering PL/SQL Legacy Code: An Experience Report

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30th IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME)

作者： Habringer, Martin Moser, Michael Pichler, Josef Voestalpine Stahl GmbH A-4020 Linz Austria Software Competence Ctr Hagenberg GmbH Software Analyt & Evolut A-4232 Hagenberg Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9780769553030

The reengineering of legacy code is a tedious endeavor. Automatic transformation of legacy code from an old technology to a new one preserves potential problems in legacy code with respect to obsolete, changed, and new business cases. On the other hand, manual analysis of legacy code without assistance of original developers is time consuming and error-prone. For the purpose of reengineering PL/SQL legacy code in the steel making domain, we developed tool support for the reverse engineering of PL/SQL code into a more abstract and comprehensive representation. This representation then serves as input for stakeholders to manually analyze legacy code, to identify obsolete and missing business cases, and, finally, to support the re-implementation of a new system. In this paper we briefly introduce the tool and present results of reverse engineering PL/SQL legacy code in the steel making domain. We show how stakeholders are supported in analyzing legacy code by means of general-purpose analysis techniques combined with domain-specific representations and conclude with some of the lessons learned.

关键词： reverse engineering program comprehension source code analysis

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EASY Meta-programming with Rascal

EASY Meta-programming with Rascal

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3rd International Summer School on Generative and Transformational Techniques in Software Engineering

作者： Klint, Paul van der Storm, Tijs Vinju, Jurgen Centrum Wiskunde and Informatica Universiteit Van Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783642180224

Rascal is a new language for meta-programming and is intended to solve problems in the domain of source code analysis and transformation. In this article we give a high-level overview of the language and illustrate its use by many examples. Rascal is a work in progress both regarding implementation and documentation. More information is available at http://***/.

关键词： source code analysis source code transformation meta-programming domain-specific languages

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Using Program Transformation, Annotation, and Reflection to Certify a Java Type Resolution Function

Using Program Transformation, Annotation, and Reflection to ...

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15th IEEE International Symposium on High-Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE)

作者： Winter, Victor L. Reinke, Carl Guerrero, Jonathan Univ Nebraska Dept Comp Sci Omaha NE 68182 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479934652

In Java, type resolution is a function that takes a reference to a type occurring in a given context as input, and returns the canonical form of that type. This information is fundamental to static analysis - a "must have" function underlying virtually all forms of semantic-based analysis. In the case of Java, this function is also complex and it is quite common to encounter tools where it is implemented incorrectly. This paper presents a novel approach for certifying the correctness of a given type resolution function with respect to an arbitrary Java source code base. The approach uses program transformation to instrument a subject code base in such a way that reflection can then be used to certify the correctness of the type resolution function against the function used by the Java compiler. In this form of certification, the type resolution function of the Java compiler serves as the test oracle.

关键词： source code analysis Java type resolution reflection annotation program transformation

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