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space-time block code and Spatial Multiplexing Design for Quadrature-OFDMA Systems

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2012年第10期60卷 3133-3142页

作者： Luo, Lin Zhang, Jian (Andrew) Davis, Linda M. Univ S Australia Inst Telecommun Res Adelaide SA 5001 Australia

To alleviate the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), high complexity in user terminal and sensitivity to carrier frequency offset (CFO) problems in current orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, a Quadrature OFDM (Q-OFDMA) system has been recently proposed in the single-input single-output environment. In this paper we study the realization of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) diversity-and multiplexing-oriented methods for Q-OFDMA systems. An Alamouti-like space-time block code (STBC) and simple detection for spatial multiplexing (SM) for Q-OFDMA systems are constructed, both zero forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizers are investigated. The proposed STBC is a full diversity scheme, which encodes in intermediate domain and decodes in frequency domain. Analytical and empirical results demonstrate that the Q-OFDMA systems can be implemented flexibly and efficiently in a MIMO framework, and the proposed scheme can be easily applied in OFDMA and Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) by adjusting the parameters of Q-OFDMA.

关键词： Q-OFDMA space-time block code Alamouti spatial multiplexing PAPR

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Millimeter-wave channel modeling in a VANETs using coding techniques

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PEERJ COMPUTER SCIENCE 2023年 9卷 e1374页

作者： Ahmed, Arshee Rasheed, Haroon Bashir, Ali Kashif Omar, Marwan Bahria Univ Dept Elect Engn Karachi Sindh Pakistan Woxsen Univ Sch Business Hyderabad India Manchester Metropolitan Univ Dept Comp & Math Manchester England IIT Informat Technol & Management Chicago IL USA

The Vehicular ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is envisioned to ensure wireless transmission with ultra-high reliability. In the presence of fading and mobility of vehicles, error-free information between Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) requires extensive investigation. The current literature lacks in designing an ultra-reliable comprehensive tractable model for VANET using millimeter wave. Ultra-reliable communication is needed to support autonomous vehicular communication. This article aims to provide a comprehensive tractable model for VANET over millimeter waves using space-time-block-Coding (STBC) concatenated with Reed Solomon (RS) coding. The designed model provides the fastest way of designing and analyzing VANET networks on 60 GHz. By using the derived BER expressions and Reed Solomon coded doppler expression ultra-reliable vehicular networks can be build meeting the demands of massive growing volume of traffic. The performance of the model is compared with previous BER computational techniques and existing VANET communication systems, i.e., IEEE 802.11bd and 3rd generation partnership project vehicle to everything (3GPP V2X). The findings show that our proposed approach outperforms IEEE 802.11bd and the results are comparable with V2X NR. Packet Error Rate (PER), Packet Reception Ratio (PRR) and throughput are used as performance metrics. We have also evaluated the model on higher velocities of vehicles. Further, the simulation and numerical findings show that the proposed system surpass the existing BER results comprising of various modulation and coding techniques. The simulation results are verified by the numerical results there-by, showing the accuracy of our derived expressions.

关键词： Bit error rate space-time block code Reed Solomon Wireless communication Ultra-reliability PER Beamforming Doppler effecf Throughput Coding

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Process-and-Forward two-way relay using multiple space-time line codes

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2022年 196卷 108526-108526页

作者： Choi, Jihoon Joung, Jingon Korea Aerosp Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Goyang Si 10540 Gyeonggi Do South Korea Chung Ang Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Seoul 06974 South Korea

In this paper, we consider a two-way relay (TWR) network that two source nodes (SNs) with multiple antennas exchange data to each other via a relay node (RN) with multiple antennas, when full channel state information (CSI) is available at RN and no CSIs are available at SNs. In case that both SNs transmit space-time block coded multiple data streams to the RN, a new precoding method is proposed for the RN by combing block-wise processing and multiple space-time line codes (STLCs) requiring no CSI at the receiver except the channel norm. An optimal precoding matrix is derived that maximized the minimum achievable rate using a gradient-based iterative algorithm. Moreover, to reduce the design complexity, we derive the closed-form precoding matrix minimizing the total mean square error (MSE), and its theoretical performance is analyzed in terms of the per-stream MSE and detection signal-to-interference-plusnoise ratio. Through numerical simulations, the theoretical MSE is verified by comparing with an experimental MSE, and it is demonstrated that the proposed precoding method is more beneficial than existing retransmission methods for the RN when the SN transfers both single and multiple data stream(s).(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： space-time line code space-time block code Two-way relay MIMO MMSE

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Distributed space-time block coding based cooperative generalized spatial modulation

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 2022年第11期35卷 e5183-e5183页

作者： Altin, Gokhan Natl Def Univ Turkish Air Force Acad Dept Elect Engn TR-34149 Istanbul Turkey

In this study, two novel distributed space-time block coding based cooperative generalized spatial modulation networks are proposed, and their theoretical analyses are derived. The first network is a three-node cooperative system, consisting of a source (S), a relay (R), and a destination (D). In this design, S sends a GSM symbol to R and D in the broadcast phase. In the relay phase, if R decodes the received signal correctly, it encodes the orthogonal counterpart of the GSM symbol, and sends it to D. If R has a decoding error, it sends a failure to S, and S realizes the R's transmission. The second network is designed with two relays. Here, S sends the GSM symbol to R1$$ {\mathrm{R}}_1 $$, R2$$ {\mathrm{R}}_2 $$, and D in the broadcast phase. In the relay phase, if both relays decode the incoming signal correctly, R1$$ {\mathrm{R}}_1 $$ regenerates the GSM symbol coming from S, and R2$$ {\mathrm{R}}_2 $$ encodes the orthogonal version of it. After encoding, both send them to D in a successive manner. If any or both relays fail, S sends the symbol of R2$$ {\mathrm{R}}_2 $$ in the relay phase. Theoretical and asymptotic analyses as well as simulation results are provided for both networks. It is seen that derived analytical expressions match with the simulation curves. Moreover, since we use the GSM in the proposed methods, their data rates are higher for the same number of transmit antennas. Even for the same spectral efficiency, they provide a significant diversity gain and a better error performance than the existing methods.

关键词： bit-error-rate analysis cooperative communications generalized spatial modulation space-time block code

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Experimental Performance Study of STBC-Based Cooperative and Diversity Relaying

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 2020年第5期E103A卷 798-801页

作者： Miyagoshi, Makoto Murata, Hidekazu Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Informat Kyoto 6068501 Japan NTT DOCOMO INC Tokyo Japan

The packet error rate (PER) performance of multi-hop STBC based cooperative and diversity relaying systems are studied. These systems consist of a source, a destination, and two relay stations in each hop. From in-lab experiments, it is confirmed that the cooperative relaying system has better PER performance than the diversity relaying system with highly correlated channels.

关键词： multi-hop transmission space-time block code packet error rate cooperative relaying transmission experiment

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An efficient MIMO-OFDM VLC system of combining space time block coding with orthogonal circulant matrix transform precoding

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OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS 2020年 473卷 125993-125993页

作者： Chen, Mengru Lu, Huimin Chen, Danyang Jin, Jianli Wang, Jianping Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Comp & Commun Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

An efficient precoding scheme combining space-time block code (STBC) and orthogonal circulant matrix transform (OCT) is proposed to improve the performance of multiple input-multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) based visible light communication (VLC) systems in this work. An experimental 2x2 MIMO-OFDM VLC system is designed and setup to evaluate the performance of the proposed STBC-OCT precoding scheme, which bit error rate (BER) performance is investigated experimentally for different sample rates, amplitudes and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) order. It is shown that the system using proposed STBC-OCT precoding has more excellent BER performance compared with the system using other precoding methods, and 157.5 Mbit/s transmission rate can be realized for the MIMO VLC system with 0.5 m distance. This is because that the proposed scheme can effectively alleviate the bandwidth limitation issue of the VLC system and offers the optimal reliability.

关键词： Visible light communication Multiple-input-multiple-output Orthogonal circulant matrix transform space-time block code

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Improved DOA estimation method by distinction of different transmit signals in automotive MIMO frequency-modulated continuous wave radar systems

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2020年第8期14卷 1135-1142页

作者： Sim, Heonkyo Kang, Seokhyun Lee, Seongwook Kim, Seong-Cheol Seoul Natl Univ SNU Dept Elect & Comp Engn 1 Gwanak Ro Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ SNU Inst New Media & Commun INMC 1 Gwanak Ro Seoul South Korea Hyundai Mobis Radar Engn Team Yongin Gyeonggi Do South Korea Korea Aerosp Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn 76 Hanggongdaehak Ro Goyang Si Gyeonggi Do South Korea

This study proposes an advanced direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation method for automotive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fast-ramp radar systems. To distinguish the transmitted signal at the receiving antenna, the orthogonal code can be applied to each transmitted signal. In this case, to correctly estimate the angles of the targets, the authors also have to match the distinguished signals to each transmit antenna element. In this study, they use the space-time block code to distinguish the transmitted signals from the receiving antennas. Furthermore, by applying the deterministic maximum likelihood algorithm to each of the distinguished signals, they can find the true antenna array for DOA estimation and achieve higher estimation accuracy than false antenna array cases. Furthermore, the maximum detectable velocity is doubled compared to the conventional decoding method. In the simulation results, the proposed method provides a three degree smaller root-mean-squared error compared to the case when it is not applied. The proposed method also estimates the DOAs of the targets well at low signal-to-noise ratios. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by measurement results.

关键词： mean square error methods MIMO communication transmitting antennas CW radar maximum likelihood estimation direction-of-arrival estimation antenna arrays orthogonal codes receiving antennas transmitted signal distinguished signals transmit antenna element space-time block code receiving antenna higher estimation accuracy false antenna array cases conventional decoding method signal-to-noise ratios DOA estimation method different transmit signals automotive MIMO frequency-modulated direction-of-arrival estimation method multiple-input multiple-output fast-ramp radar systems

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PEP and OP examination of relaying network over time-selective fading channel

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SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020年第8期2卷 1-35页

作者： Shankar, Ravi Mishra, Ritesh Kumar Madanapalle Inst Technol & Sci Madanapalle 517325 India Natl Inst Technol Patna Patna Bihar India

In this paper, we consider the selective decode and forward cooperative communication system and investigate its performance over time-selective fading in the presence of nodes' mobility and channel estimation errors. Closed-form expressions for the outage probability (OP) and per-block average pairwise error probability (PEP) are derived, considering constraints at the relay, source, and destination nodes. We assume that both dual and multiple hops are subject to independent but non-identically distributed time-selective Nakagami-m fading channel. It has been observed that with an increase in the value of shape parameter and link strength of the relay-to-destination (RD) fading link gain, the per-block average PEP performance improves. Also increasing RD link gain is more significant than increasing the shape parameter of the RD link. The OP performance for optimal power allocation factors is better than its performance for equal power allocation factors. It is demonstrated that the OP decreases with increasing the value of distance-dependent power transfer factors (PTFs). Further, it has been observed that due to the mobility of nodes and imperfect channel state information, the PEP performance of the system experiences degradation, especially for high values of signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, when all the nodes are static and the estimation processes are perfect, the asymptotic error floors vanish, i.e., the nodes' mobility impact is removed. Monte Carlo simulation results confirm the accuracy of the analytical results.

关键词： Cooperative communication Channel state information Pairwise error probability Multiple input multiple output space-time block code Monte Carlo simulation

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Efficient Trellis-coded Modulation Using Ungerboeck-Gray Mapping Associated with space-time block code

Efficient Trellis-Coded Modulation Using Ungerboeck-Gray Map...

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6th International Conference on Sciences of Electronics, Technologies of Information and Telecommunications (SETIT)

作者： Benaissa, Mohamed Bassou, Abdesselam Univ Bechar Dept Elect Engn Bechar Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316583

In this paper, the comparison of the concatenation of the space-time block codes (STBCs) to the Trellis-coded Modulation with Ungerboeck-Gray mapping (TCM-UGM) and Trellis-coded Modulation (TCM) is considered. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by simulation over Memoryless Rayleigh Fading (MRF) channel. A simple two-antenna STBC is combined to TCM and TCM-UGM as inner code for transmitting diversity and one or two receive antennas. The decoding scheme is based on Logarithm of Maximum a Posteriori (Log-MAP) algorithm. Simulation results for a several memory order show that exploiting transmit-diversity using STBCs provides best performance for the TCM-UGM.

关键词： component Logarithm of maximum a posteriori space-time block code trellis-coded modulation trellis-coded modulation with Ungerboeck-Gary mapping

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Orthogonal STBC Set Building and Physical Layer Security Application 21

Orthogonal STBC Set Building and Physical Layer Security App...

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21st IEEE International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (IEEE SPAWC)

作者： Cribbs, Michael Romero, Ric Ha, Tri Naval Postgrad Sch Monterey CA 93943 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728154787

Given a selected complex orthogonal space-time block code (STBC), transformation algorithms are provided to build a set, S, of unique orthogonal STBCs with cardinality equal to vertical bar S vertical bar = 2(r+c+k-1), where r!, c!, and k are the number of rows, columns, and data symbols in the STBC matrix, respectively. A communications link is discussed that encodes data symbols with a chosen STBC from the set known only to the transmitter and intended receiver as a means of providing physical layer security (PLS). Expected bit error rate (BER) and information-theoretic results for an eavesdropper with a priori knowledge of the communications link parameters with the exception of the chosen STBC are presented. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to confirm the possible BER results expected when decoding the communications link with alternative STBCs from the set. Application of the transformation algorithms provided herein are shown to significantly increase the brute force decoding complexity of an eavesdropper compared to a related work in the literature.

关键词： space-time block code physical layer security

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