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Iterative Robust MMSE Receiver for STBC under Channel Information Errors

IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2016年第10期E99B卷 2228-2235页

作者： Yoo, Namsik Baek, Jong-Hyen Lee, Kyungchun Seoul Natl Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Informat Engn 232 Gongneung Ro Seoul 01811 South Korea Korea Railrd Res Inst Metropolitan Transportat Res Ctr Signaling & Commun Team 176 Cheldobangmulgwan Ro Uiwang Si 06105 Gyeonggi Do South Korea

In this paper, an iterative robust minimum-mean square error (MMSE) receiver for space-time block coding (STBC) is proposed to mitigate the performance degradations caused by channel state information (CSI) errors. The proposed scheme estimates an instantaneous covariance matrix of the effective noise, which includes additive white Gaussian noise and the effect of CSI errors. For this estimation, multiple solution candidate vectors are selected based on the distances between the MMSE estimate of the solution and the constellation points, and their a-posteriori probabilities are utilized to execute the estimation of the covariance matrix. To improve the estimation accuracy, the estimated covariance matrix is updated iteratively. Simulation results show that proposed robust receiver achieves substantial performance gains in terms of bit error rates as compared to conventional receiver schemes under CSI errors.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output space-time block coding minimum mean square error channel information error

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Alamouti-Type STBC for Atmospheric Optical Communication Using Coherent Detection

IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL

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IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL 2014年第1期6卷 1页

作者： Niu, Mingbo Cheng, Julian Holzman, Jonathan F. Queens Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada Univ British Columbia Sch Engn Kelowna BC V1V 1V7 Canada

Alamouti-type space-time block coding is studied for optical wireless communication systems using coherent detection over atmospheric turbulence channels. Atmospheric turbulence-induced fading and phase noise are known to impair the performance of coherent optical wireless systems. Two new Alamouti-type space-time coded architectures are proposed to overcome turbulence-induced fading and phase noise from transmitter lasers, receiver local oscillators, and turbulence channels. Their error rate performance is analyzed for a wide range of turbulence conditions. With developed analytical error rate expressions, the usefulness of the proposed Alamouti-type space-time block coding is demonstrated for coherent optical wireless communication systems. Numerical results confirm the performance improvements of the proposed systems over that of single-input-single-output systems.

关键词： Atmospheric turbulence coherent detection optical communication phaseshift keying symbol error rate space-time block coding

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An adaptive CMMSE receiver for space-time block-coded CDMA systems in frequency-selective fading channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2004年第3期53卷 587-600页

作者： Jung, YH Hong, SC Kim, SR Lee, YH Samsung Adv Inst Technol i Networking Lab Kyonggi Do 449712 South Korea Samsung Elect Kyonggi Do 443742 South Korea ETRI Mobile Commun Lab Taejon 305350 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Taejon 305701 South Korea

A technique that can suppress multiple-access interference (MAI) in space-time block-coded (STBC) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems is developed. The proposed scheme, called a constrained minimum mean square error (CMMSE) receiver, is an extension of the CMMSE receiver for a single-input-single-output system to MIMO systems. It is shown that the complexity of the proposed CMMSE receiver is almost independent of the number of transmitter antennas. The advantage of the proposed receiver over the existing receivers for STBC CDMA systems is demonstrated by comparing the closed-form expressions of the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio and simulated bit error rates. The results indicate that the proposed CMMSE receiver can provide a significant performance improvement over the conventional receivers and that the gain achieved by suppressing the MAI can be larger than that from increasing the transmitter or receiver diversity.

关键词： adaptive interference mitigation code division multiple access (CDMA) constrained minimum mean square error (CMMSE) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) space-time block coding

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Hybrid IRS and DFE Detection Scheme for MDL-Impaired Transmission With TAST coding

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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2019年第17期37卷 4251-4259页

作者： Hei, Yongqiang Li, Li Song, Weiting Shi, Guangming Gu, Huaxi Xidian Univ State Key Lab ISN Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xidian Univ Sch Elect Engn Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Linear threaded algebraic space-time (TAST) codes have shown potential advantage in mitigating the mode-dependent loss in the few-mode-fiber-based mode-division multiplexing (MDM) system. However, the maximum-likelihood (ML) detector employed at the receiver of the MDM system greatly suffers from exponential computational complexity. In this work, we first examine the necessity of space-time coding in the MDM system. On this basis, a new hybrid detection, which integrates the improved reduced-search (IRS) method and the decision feedback equalizer (DFE), is proposed for the TAST-assisted MDM system, in which DFE is employed to detect the more reliable tributaries to obtain a near-ML solution, while IRS is responsible for finding the best solution in the remaining set with a reduced number of candidates. Simulation results show that the proposed detection method can achieve near-optimal solutions and has a low computational complexity. Moreover, it has the attractive advantage of flexible adjustment in the tradeoff between system performance and computational complexity.

关键词： Mode-division multiplexing MIMO detection space-time block coding

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Very-large-scale integration hardware implementation of adaptive space-time coding/spatial multiplexing switching

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2012年第10期6卷 1316-1325页

作者： Nurmi, W. Nooshabadi, S. Univ Turku Dept Informat Technol SF-20500 Turku Finland Michigan Technol Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Houghton MI 49931 USA

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques are widely employed in modern wireless systems. The most prominent approaches to MIMO communication are space-time coding (STC) and spatial multiplexing (SM). Less studied is a hybrid technique called adaptive MIMO switching (AMS), which may be employed by fixing the transmission rate and selecting between space-time block coding and SM transmission modes based on instantaneous channel conditions to achieve the most efficient link. This study presents a hardware implementations of a selector algorithm and a detector employing it. The detector is designed for a 2 x 2 MIMO system and was implemented on an Altera Cyclone II FPGA. In addition, two transmission protocols with decision feedback from the receiver to the transmitter via a low-rate feedback channel are introduced and the feasibility of switching for high-data-rate transmissions is discussed.

关键词： Communication switching automatic repeat request Protocols space division multiplexing telecommunication channels multiple input multiple output communication radio transmitters space-time codes Codes very-large-scale integration hardware implementation decision feedback low-rate feedback channel adaptive MIMO switching receiver field programmable gate arrays radio receivers MIMO system two transmission protocols spatial multiplexing switching space-time block coding protocols transmitter adaptive codes Altera Cyclone II FPGA adaptive space-time coding Radio links and equipment MIMO communication modern wireless systems

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Spatially Modulated Orthogonal space-time block Codes with Non-Vanishing Determinants

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2014年第1期62卷 85-99页

作者： Minh-Tuan Le Vu-Duc Ngo Hong-Anh Mai Xuan Nam Tran Di Renzo, Marco Hanoi Dept Sci & Technol Hanoi Vietnam HUST Sch Elect & Telecommun Hanoi Vietnam Le Quy Don Tech Univ Dept Elect & Commun Hanoi Vietnam Univ Paris 11 Lab Signaux & Syst Unite Mixte Rech 8506 CNRSEcole Super Elect F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette France

This paper proposes a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme for M-ary modulations, called Spatially Modulated Orthogonal space-time block coding (SM-OSTBC), based on the concept of Spatial Constellation (SC) codewords introduced by Le at el. [1]. In the proposed scheme, transmit codeword matrices are generated by multiplying SC matrices with codewords constructed from Orthogonal space-time block Codes (O-STBC). The maximum spectral efficiency of the proposed scheme is equal to (n(T) - 2+ log(2) M) bpcu, where n(T) is the number of transmit antennas and M is the modulation order. The SC matrices provide a means of carrying information bits together with the O-STBC codewords and allow the SM-OSTBC scheme to achieve second-order transmit diversity by satisfying the non-vanishing determinant property. A systematic method to design the SC codewords for an even number of transmit antennas greater than 3 is presented. A single-stream maximum-likelihood (ML) decoder, which requires a low computational complexity thanks to the structure of the SM-OSTBC codewords and to the orthogonality of the O-STBCs, and a sphere decoder with further reduced signal processing complexity are developed. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed scheme is studied by using both theoretical union bound analysis and computer simulations. Finally, simulation results are presented in order to compare BER performance, energy efficiency and decoding complexity of the proposed scheme with those of several existing MIMO transmission schemes.

关键词： MIMO systems spatial modulation space-time block coding space-time block coded spatial modulation spatial constellation matrices

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Subspace approach to blind and semi-blind channel estimation for space-time block codes

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2005年第2期4卷 357-362页

作者： Ding, ZG Ward, DB Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med Dept Elect & Elect Engn London SW7 2AZ England

A new approach to blind and semi-blind channel estimation for space-time block codes (STBCs) is presented. By exploiting the recently proposed generalized space-time block code framework, an STBC system is reduced from multiple-input multiple-output to a single-input multiple-output system. A conventional blind algorithm based on the subspace algorithm is then used to identify the channel impulse responses and achieve equalization. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm and a comparable scheme.

关键词： blind and semi-blind channel estimation equalization multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems space-time block coding

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Interpolation based pilot-aided channel estimation for STBC spatial modulation and performance analysis under imperfect CSI

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2016年第14期10卷 1820-1828页

作者： Acar, Yusuf Dogan, Hakan Basar, Ertugrul Panayirci, Erdal Istanbul Kultur Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-34156 Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-34320 Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Tech Univ Fac Elect & Elect Engn TR-34469 Istanbul Turkey Kadir Has Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-34083 Istanbul Turkey

A combination of space-time block coding and spatial modulation (STBC-SM) has been recently proposed for multiple input-multiple output systems to obtain both spatial diversity gain and more capacity simultaneously while assuming the perfect channel state information (P-CSI) was available at the receiver. However, in practical scenarios the CSI is unknown to the receiver and should be estimated in order to detect the transmitted data in a reliable way. Therefore, channel estimation (CE) is a major challenge in designing the STBC-SM systems. In this study, the problem of CE is investigated and a new pilot-aided channel estimation (PA-CE) technique, coupled with an interpolation, is proposed for the STBC-SM systems operating in the presence of rapidly time-varying mobile channels. Several interpolation schemes such as the linear, nearest neighbour, piecewise cubic Hermite and the low-pass interpolations are applied and their performances are compared to determine the best suitable interpolation technique to be employed in STBC-SM systems. Bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed CE technique is then investigated in time-varying channels with different modulation. Moreover, the pairwise error probability of the STBC-SM scheme is derived and its average bit error probability is evaluated analytically in the presence of CE errors.

关键词： channel estimation space-time block codes diversity reception MIMO communication interpolation mobile radio time-varying channels error statistics quadrature phase shift keying quadrature amplitude modulation interpolation-based pilot-aided channel estimation STBC spatial modulation imperfect CSI space-time block coding multiple-input multiple-output systems spatial diversity gain perfect channel state information P-CSI STBC-SM systems PA-CE technique time-varying mobile channels linear nearest neighbour piecewise cubic Hermite low-pass interpolation bit error rate performance BER performance quadrature phase shift keying QPSK 16-quadrature amplitude modulation 16-QAM 64-QAM pairwise error probability bit error probability

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Frequency-domain space-time block coded-joint transmit/receive diversity for direct-sequence spread spectrum signal transmission

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2007年第3期E90B卷 597-606页

作者： Tomeba, Hiromichi Takeda, kazuaki Adachi, Fumiyuki Tohoku Univ Grad Sch Dept Elect & Commun Engn Sendai Miyagi 9808579 Japan

Recently, we proposed space-time block coded-joint transmit/receive antenna diversity (STBC-JTRD) for narrow band transmission in a frequency-nonselective fading channel;it allows an arbitrary number of transmit antennas while limiting the number of receive antennas to 4. In this paper, we extend STBC-JTRD to the case of frequency-selective fading channels and propose frequency-domain STBC-JTRD for broadband direct sequence-spread spectrum (DSSS) signal transmission. A conditional bit error rate (BER) analysis is presented. The average BER performance in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading is evaluated by MonteCarlo numerical computation method using the derived conditional BER and is confirmed by computer simulation of the signal transmission. Performance comparison between frequency-domain STBC-JTRD transmission and joint space-time transmit diversity (STTD) and frequency-domain equalization (FDE) reception is also presented.

关键词： frequency-selective fading channel frequency-domain pre-equalization space-time block coding transmit/receive antenna diversity DSSS

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Performance analysis of two-user cooperative ARQ protocol over Rayleigh fading channel

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EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2015年第1期2015卷 1页

作者： Xiao, Hailin Ni, Ju Guilin Univ Elect Technol Sch Informat & Commun Guilin 541004 Guangxi Peoples R China Lib Guilin Univ Elect Technol Guilin 541004 Guangxi Peoples R China

In this paper, we present a two-user cooperative automatic repeat request (C-ARQ) protocol which combines cooperative diversity at the physical layer and ARQ at the link layer. In this scheme, distributed Alamouti space-time block coding (DASTBC) is applied to achieve cooperative diversity, and ARQ is used to improve the data link layer reliability. To analyze the performance of the proposed protocol, we derive the average frame error rate (FER) and throughput with multiple phase shift keying (MPSK) over a Rayleigh fading channel. Numerical simulation results show that the performance gain of average FER with ARQ retransmission is about 2 dB more than the case without ARQ retransmission in the same conditions. Moreover, the combined DASTBC and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) with ARQ retransmission will lead to an approximate 3 Mbits/s increase in transmission rate.

关键词： Cooperative communication Multiple phase shift keying ARQ space-time block coding

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