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The effect of structural design parameters on FPGA-based feed-forward space-time trellis coding-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing channel encoders

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS 2010年第8期97卷 907-926页

作者： Passas, Georgios Freear, Steven Fawcett, Darren Univ Leeds Sch Elect & Elect Engn Saltaire W Yorkshire England Pace Plc Saltaire W Yorkshire England

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based feed-forward space-time trellis code (FFSTTC) encoders can be synthesised as very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) designs. Evaluation of their FPGA implementation can lead to conclusions that help a designer to decide the optimum implementation, given the encoder structural parameters. VLSI architectures based on 1-bit multipliers and look-up tables (LUTs) are compared in terms of FPGA slices and block RAMs (area), as well as in terms of minimum clock period (speed). Area and speed graphs versus encoder memory order are provided for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 8 phase shift keying (8-PSK) modulation and two transmit antennas, revealing best implementation under these conditions. The effect of number of modulation bits and transmit antennas on the encoder implementation complexity is also investigated.

关键词： wireless systems MIMO channel coding space-time trellis coding VLSI architectures FPGA

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Distributed Three-Stage Concatenated Irregular Convolutional, Unity-Rate and space-time trellis coding for Single-Antenna Aided Cooperative Communications

Distributed Three-Stage Concatenated Irregular Convolutional...

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IEEE 72nd Vehicular Technology Conference Fall 2010

作者： Nguyen, Hung Viet Ng, Soon Xin Hanzo, Lajos Univ Southampton Sch ECS Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435746

In this contribution, we propose a Distributed Concatenated Irregular Convolutional Coded Unity Rate Coded and space time trellis Coded (DC-IrCC-URC-STTC) scheme for cooperative communications employing multiple single-antenna relays. Each coding arrangement is designed for efficient decoding convergence by employing non-binary Extrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) charts. The source node transmits two-stage IrCC-URC encoded symbols to two relays during the first transmission period. Then each relay performs two-stage URC-IrCC decoding and re-encodes the information bits using the three-stage concatenated coding scheme IrCC-URC-STTC. However, only the signals of one predefined STTC output are transmitted from each relay to the destination node during the second transmission period. At the destination, the received signals are treated as if they arrived from one transmitter employing STTC using two co-located transmit antennas. The simulation results show that the Monte-Carlo based performance of the DC-IrCC-URC-STTC scheme exactly matches the EXIT-chart analysis. It also performs closely to its idealised counterpart that assumes perfect decoding at the relays when an EXIT-chart based optimal algorithm is applied for selecting relays.

关键词： relay space-time trellis coding Optimization algorithms spacetime Communication Research DEcoding

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Towards Designing Super Golden space-time trellis Codes for High Data Rate Mobile Communications 11

Towards Designing Super Golden Space-Time Trellis Codes for ...

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IEEE 11th International Conference on Communications (COMM)

作者： Sterian, Corneliu Eugen D. Banica, Ion Univ Politehn Bucuresti Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781467381970

A novel version of the celebrated Golden code is first introduced in order to provide a second family of transmission matrices with entries taken from a given quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM) signal constellation. The union of two families of transmission matrices based on the two versions of the Golden code is then used as signal set for designing space-time trellis codes. To meet the design requirements for fading wireless channels, a clever partition of the 8D signal constellation in both 8D subsets and shells with enhanced Hamming distances is essential. However, as the complexity of the transmission system grows rather high, we show in this paper how to tackle its issue properly.

关键词： component Fading wireless channels Golden code MIMO transmission systems space-time trellis coding

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Precise Orbit Determination of BDS MEO Satellites Based on Satellite TT&C Stations

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AEROspace ENGINEERING 2016年第Pt.1期2016卷 7856353-7856353页

作者： Li, Kezhao Li, Zhiwei Chai, Lin Ding, An-min Wei, Jin-ben Li, Long Henan Polytech Univ Jiaozuo Peoples R China Collaborat Innovat Ctr BDS Res Applicat Zhengzhou Peoples R China Southwest China Res Inst Elect Technol Chengdu Peoples R China

A novel method, which is based on the triple-frequency combination and space-Based Telemetry, Tracking, and Command (STT&C) stations, is proposed in this paper. Considering BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS) Geostationary Orbit (GEO) and Inclined Geostationary Orbit (IGSO) satellites as the STT&C facilities, firstly, we presented the BDS Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites' precise orbit determination scheme based on triple-frequency combination. Then, we gave the sufficient and necessary conditions about the visibility and the coverage rate calculation model of STT&C to BDS MEO satellite. And then we deduced the model of BDS MEO satellites precise orbit determination based on triple-frequency combination observations. At last, we designed the simulation calculation. The simulation results show that orbit determination of BDS MEO satellite based on STT&C station can be realized at all times. And most of the simulation period time, under the condition of the dm level orbit determination for GEO/IGSO satellites, the position accuracy of the relative orbit determination is better than 4 m, the horizontal accuracy of the relative orbit determination is within 2.5 m, and the vertical accuracy of the relative orbit determination is less than 3.5 m.

关键词： accuracy of position analog computation Orbit determination space-time trellis coding satellites STATIONS synchronous orbit

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Optimal general-rank transmit beamforming technique for single-group multicasting service in modern wireless networks using STTC

Optimal general-rank transmit beamforming technique for sing...

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WSA 2015;19th International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas

作者： Dima Taleb Samer Alabed Marius Pesavento Darmstadt University of Technology

In this paper, we propose a novel general-rank singlegroup multicast beamforming technique using space-time trellis coding (STTC) where a multi-antenna base station broadcasts common information to a group of single-antenna receivers. Our max-min fair (MMF) based beamforming approach extends the recently introduced concept of orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) based ranktwo beamforming approach to fully flexible general-rank beamforming. The increase of the rank of the beamforming solution is accompanied with an increased degree of freedom resulting in an optimal beamforming approach with considerable performance gains in terms of bit error rate (BER) and achievable data rate as compared to the state-of-the-art rank-one and rank-two beamforming approaches. Simulations show a substantially improved performance in terms of BER of the proposed technique as compared to the best known techniques.

关键词： space time trellis coding techniques Transmit beamforming techniques Broadcasting techniques Semidefinite programming space-time trellis coding Beamforming Bit error rate Wireless networks Legal Services Radio Degree of freedom

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Performance evolution of trellis coding in Multiple Input Multiple Output communication systems-A review

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JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY AND ELECTRONICS 2014年第11期59卷 1247-1252页

作者： Arunachalaperumal, C. Arun, C. Dhilipkumar, S. Abija, G. SA Engn Coll Chennai Tamil Nadu India RMKCET Madras Tamil Nadu India

In recent years, it has been realized that the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) communication system is inevitable in accelerating the evolution of high data rate applications. Also the latest research in Information and Communication Technology has told that considerable gains in capacity of wireless communication are feasible in MIMO systems. MIMO with space time trellis Code (STTC) offers both diversity gain and coding gain. This paper discusses the evolutional variants of space time trellis Code developed over a decade. The performance of New trellis code for STTC, STTC for 4-PSK, space Frequency trellis code (SFTC), space time Bit trellis Code, and Silver STTC have been studied and discussed. STTC with trellis Coded Modulation creates a bandwidth efficient system with coding gain.

关键词： Application rates space-time trellis coding multiple input multiple output systems Communication technology trellis codes coding Diversity methods CARRIER SYSTEM

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Sparse Bayesian Learning-Based Data-Aided Channel Estimation in STTC MIMO Systems

Sparse Bayesian Learning-Based Data-Aided Channel Estimation...

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Australasian Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ATNAC)

作者： Mishra, Amrita Pal, Arnab Jagannatham, Aditya K. Rajawat, Ketan Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Elect Engn Kanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9781479950447

In this paper, we consider a sparse multipath representation of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel matrix in terms of an overcomplete dictionary consisting of the basis spatial signature matrices which correspond to various directional cosines at the transmit and receive antenna arrays. Based on the sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) framework, we exploit the spatially sparse representation of the MIMO channel and develop a novel pilot-based channel estimation scheme for space-time trellis coded (STTC) MIMO systems. Further, we propose an enhanced SBL-based data-aided channel estimation technique utilizing the expectation-maximization (EM) framework. We demonstrate that this can be derived as an optimal minimum mean squared error (MMSE) channel estimate in the E-step followed by a modified path metric-based maximum likelihood (ML) STTC decoder in the M-step. We also derive the Bayesian Cramer-Rao bounds (BCRBs) for the SBL-based pilot and data-aided channel estimation schemes. Finally, we present simulation results to demonstrate the performance of the proposed techniques and validate the analytical bounds.

关键词： MIMO communication antenna arrays belief networks channel estimation expectation-maximisation algorithm least mean squares methods maximum likelihood decoding sparse matrices trellis codes BCRB Bayesian Cramer-Rao bounds MIMO channel matrix MMSE channel estimate SBL-based data-aided channel estimation technique STTC MIMO systems data-aided channel estimation schemes expectation-maximization framework maximum likelihood STTC decoder minimum mean squared error channel estimate multiple-input multiple-output channel matrix receive antenna arrays space-time trellis coded MIMO systems sparse Bayesian learning sparse multipath representation spatial signature matrices transmit antenna arrays Bayes methods Channel estimation Estimation Joints MIMO Vectors Wireless communication channel estimation expectation-maximisation algorithm multiple input multiple output systems trellis codes Least squares method Antenna arrays Bayesian networks MIMO communication Bayesian learning maximum likelihood decoding Sparse matrix Bayes methods CARRIER SYSTEM space-time trellis coding channel matrix

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Pulse position modulated space-time trellis coding for ultra-wideband impulse radio multiple-input multiple-output communication systems

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2008年第2期2卷 366-371页

作者： Tyagi, A. Bose, R. Indian Inst Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn Roorkee 247667 Uttar Pradesh India Indian Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn New Delhi 110016 India

The design of pulse position modulated ( PPM) space-time trellis codes ( STTC) for ultra-wideband impulse radio ( UWB-IR) multiple-input multiple-output ( MIMO) communication systems over slow and fast fading multipath channels is considered. First, A probability of error analysis is carried out to derive upper bounds on pairwise symbol error probability at high and low signal-to-noise ratios ( SNRs). From the upper bounds, A new distance notion is introduced and novel design criteria for optimal ( in error rate performance) M-ary PPM STTC are deduced for UWB. An optimal binary-PPM STTC is designed for two transmit antennas. Finally, simulation results of the UWB-IR MIMO system, using the optimal STTC, confirm significant improvement in bit-error-rate performance over the uncoded UWB-IR single-input single-output system and also over previously proposed space-time coding scheme for UWB, at higher SNR.

关键词： space-time trellis coding multiple input multiple output systems Upper bound Ultra wideband technologies transmitting antennas Multipath channels Error probability COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS output system impulse radio trellis codes multi-access communication system DESIGN CRITERIA ultra wideband impulse radio

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Distributed space-time trellis codes with continuous phase modulation for amplify and forward relaying

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2013年第2期7卷 110-118页

作者： Demiroglu, Ali Serdar Altunbas, Ibrahim Istanbul Tech Univ Vodafone Technol TR-80626 Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Tech Univ Elect & Commun Engn Dept TR-80626 Istanbul Turkey

Continuous phase modulation (CPM) is a non-linear power/bandwidth efficient modulation method. Linear modulation methods such as phase shift keying or quadrature amplitude modulation produce large power drain at the power amplifier of the transmitter. Therefore CPM may be an alternative to these modulations in relay/cooperative systems because of its constant envelope property, which enables us to use inexpensive and energy-efficient non-linear power amplifiers. In this study, the authors investigate optimum distributed space-time CPM trellis codes for amplify and forward relaying systems with one to four relays and specifically consider minimum shift keying and quaternary continuous phase frequency shift keying with modulation indices of 1/2 and 1/4. Novel distributed space-time CPM trellis codes are obtained. Error performances of the novel codes and their classical counterparts are compared over frequency non-selective quasi-static Rayleigh-fading channels using the Viterbi algorithm at the destination terminal and superiority of the novel codes are presented.

关键词： Critical path method Phase shift keying continuous phase modulation modulation mode Quadrature amplitude modulation Power amplifiers relaying frequency shift keying space-time trellis coding phase modulation Viterbi algorithm minimum shift keying trellis codes destination terminal

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New efficient method to generate optimal 2ⁿ-PSK space-time trellis codes with a large number of transmit antennas

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2011年第10期5卷 1413-1420页

作者： Viland, P. Zaharia, G. Helard, J. -F. CNRS IETR INSA UMR 6164 F-35043 Rennes France

In this study, the author propose a new method called coset partitioning to generate easily and efficiently the best space-time trellis codes (STTCs), thereby reducing considerably the usual important search time. This method, used in the case of 2(n)-PSK STTCs, is an extension of the set partitioning proposed by Ungerboeck based on the coset and lattice Calderbank's approach. The main guideline of the coset partitioning is to divide the set of multiple input and output symbols into cosets, not into simple sets as the set partitioning. The case of a large number of transmit antennas is considered because the time to obtain the best STTCs with an exhaustive search is very important when the number of transmit antennas increases. Using the coset partitioning, new 4-PSK STTCs with five to six transmit antennas are generated. Simulation results show that the new codes slightly outperform the best corresponding known codes. Thanks to the effectiveness of the coset partitioning, for the first time, 4-PSK STTCs with seven and eight transmit antennas and 8-PSK STTCs with five to six transmit antennas are obtained. Their performance is also analysed by simulation.

关键词： multi-input transmitting antennas space-time trellis coding set partitioning Coset

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