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Optimisation of sparse array configuration using ambiguity function in automotive radar application

JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING-JOE 2019年第19期2019卷 6152-6154页

作者： Zou Le Wang Wei Song Song Wang Xuetian Beijing Inst Technol Beijing Peoples R China Univ Aerosp Engn Beijing Peoples R China

Direction of arrival estimation is one of the key technologies in automotive radar system. The angular resolution is an important indicator for evaluating the radar performance. Here, an optimisation method of linear antenna array configuration used for automotive radar system is presented. The array is composed of three transmitters and four receiver (3T4R). By minimising the strong correlation region of the ambiguity function using genetic algorithm. A desired angular resolution is achieved under several certain constraints. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of proposed method.

关键词： linear antenna arrays direction-of-arrival estimation array signal processing road vehicle radar genetic algorithms radar antennas radar signal processing correlation methods genetic algorithm strong correlation region receiver transmitters direction of arrival estimation angular resolution radar performance automotive radar application sparse array configuration ambiguity function automotive radar system linear antenna array configuration optimisation method

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Generalized Nested array configuration Family for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2023年第8期72卷 10380-10392页

作者： Zhao, Pinjiao Wu, Qisong Chen, Zhengyu Hu, Guobing Wang, Liwei Wan, Liangtian Jinling Inst Technol Coll Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 211169 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Key Lab Underwater Acoust Signal Proc Minist Educ Nanjing Peoples R China Jinling Inst Technol Coll Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 211169 Peoples R China Nanjing Elect Devices Inst Nanjing 210007 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Software Key Lab Ubiquitous Network & Serv Software Liaonin Dalian 116620 Peoples R China

sparse arrays have obvious superiority in array element layout and the number of degrees of freedom (DOF) for resolving more sources than the number of physical sensors with high estimation accuracy. Nevertheless, any of the existing array configurations with fixed number of sensors corresponds to a certain array element arrangement, the virtual coarray and the uniform DOF may be affected significantly when the positions of one or several sensors changed. In this paper, a generalized nested array (GNA) configuration family is proposed by incorporating the concept of family into array design. The arrays in GNA family generally consist of three subarrays, and the inherent geometric characteristic is analyzed from the perspective of two-dimensional (2D) representation. For the array configurations of GNA family, one can be transformed into another by setting order factor, thus they can provide more flexible element arrangements as compared to a specific array configuration. Moreover, each array of the GNA family has hole-free difference coarray. Based on the GNA family, compressive sensing (CS) approach is employed for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation by solving an l(1) norm minimization problem. The theoretical propositions are proved and numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed GNA family and the DOA estimation.

关键词： sparse array configuration GNA family two-dimensional representation degrees of freedom direction-of-arrival estimation

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sparse Symmetric Linear arrays With Low Redundancy and a Contiguous Sum Co-array

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 2021年 69卷 1697-1712页

作者： Rajamaki, Robin Koivunen, Visa Aalto Univ Dept Signal Proc Acoust FI-00076 Aalto Finland

sparse arrays can resolve significantly more scatterers or sources than sensor by utilizing the co-array - a virtual array structure consisting of pairwise differences or sums of sensor positions. Although several sparse array configurations have been developed for passive sensing applications, far fewer active array designs exist. In active sensing, the sum co-array is typically more relevant than the difference co-array, especially when the scatterers are fully coherent. This paper proposes a general symmetric array configuration suitable for both active and passive sensing. We first derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the sum and difference co-array of this array to be contiguous. We then study two specific instances based on the Nested array and the Klove-Mossige basis, respectively. In particular, we establish the relationship between the minimum-redundancy solutions of the two resulting symmetric array configurations, and the previously proposed Concatenated Nested array (CNA) and Klove array (KA). Both the CNA and KA have closed-form expressions for the sensor positions, which means that they can be easily generated for any desired array size. The two array structures also achieve low redundancy, and a contiguous sum and difference co-array, which allows resolving vastly more scatterers or sources than sensors.

关键词： Sensor arrays Sensors Redundancy array signal processing Apertures Radar imaging Closed-form solutions Active sensing sparse array configuration symmetry sum co-array difference co-array minimum redundancy

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Enhanced Nested array configuration With Hole-Free Co-array and Increasing Degrees of Freedom for DOA Estimation

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2019年第12期23卷 2224-2228页

作者： Zhao, Pinjiao Hu, Guobing Qu, Zhiyu Wang, Liwei Jinling Inst Technol Dept Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 211169 Jiangsu Peoples R China Harbin Engn Univ Dept Informat & Commun Engn Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Peoples R China Nanjing Elect Devices Inst Nanjing 210007 Jiangsu Peoples R China

In this letter, we propose an enhanced nested array (ENA) configuration consisting of two uniform linear arrays (ULAs) with different separations and an additional sensor, whose resulting difference co-array (DCA) is hole-free. As compared with most of the existing sparse array configurations, the proposed ENA has simple closed-form expressions for array geometry and degrees of freedom (DOF), and also can provide more consecutive DOF and larger array aperture. Based on the above good properties of the ENA, compressive sensing (CS) approach is employed for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation by solving an l1-norm minimization problem. The theoretical propositions are proved and numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed ENA.

关键词： sparse array configuration enhanced nested array difference co-array degrees of freedom direction-of-arrival estimation

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New sparse array for non-circular sources with increased degrees of freedom

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2021年第8期57卷 339-342页

作者： Shaikh, Abdul Hayee Dang, Xiaoyu Khoso, Imran. A. Huang, Daqing Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing Peoples R China

Recently, sparse arrays have received considerable attention as they provide larger array aperture and increased degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) compared to uniform linear arrays. These features are essential to enhance the direction-of-arrival estimation performance. However, most of the existing sparse arrays are mainly designed for circular sources and realize limited increment in DOFs for non-circular sources. In this letter, a new sparse array configuration for non-circular sources is presented, which significantly increases the achievable DOFs and improves the direction-of-arrival estimation performance. The proposed geometry comprises two effectively configured uniform linear arrays that exploit the characteristics of non-circular sources and extend the array aperture. For a given number of sensors, its virtual array is advantageously a hole-free uniform linear array. Moreover, the precise sensor locations, achievable DOFs, and optimal distribution of physical sensors are determined analytically by closed-form expressions. Owing to these benefits, the proposed array efficiently resolve multiple sources in under-determined conditions and achieves better direction-of-arrival estimation performance than its counterpart structures. Simulation results validate the superiority of the proposed configuration.

关键词： hole-free uniform linear array direction-of-arrival estimation sparse array configuration aperture antennas Signal processing and detection Antenna arrays closed-form expressions array aperture degrees-of-freedom direction-of-arrival estimation performance virtual array array signal processing physical sensor optimal distribution achievable DOFs precise sensor locations hole-free uniform linear arrays noncircular sources linear antenna arrays circular sources

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Diversely polarised sparse array design with minimum interelement spacing constraint for polarised pattern synthesis

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2020年第5期56卷 221-+页

作者： Shi, Shuli Xu, Yougen Zhao, Kang Huang, Yunlin Liu, Zhiwen Beijing Inst Technol Sch Informat & Elect Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

The problem of optimised design of diversely polarised sparse array for joint synthesis of spatial and polarisation beampattern is addressed in this Letter. Two kinds of polarised array configurations, cocentred and non-cocentred crossed-dipole arrays, are considered. Minimum interelement spacing constraint along with non-cocentred constraint are involved in the design methods by using two discrete linear operators. The optimisation process can be formulated as a mixed-integer quadratically constrained programming problem which guarantees the optimal solution of the sparse array configuration. Comparison examples with state-of-the-art method validate the advantages of the proposed method in terms of the reduction of required element number and the enlargement of adjacent element spacing.

关键词： optimisation dipole antenna arrays electromagnetic wave polarisation antenna radiation patterns polarised pattern synthesis spatial polarisation beampattern polarised array configurations noncocentred crossed-dipole arrays noncocentred constraint optimisation process programming problem sparse array configuration adjacent element spacing interelement spacing constraint polarisation beampattern discrete linear operators mixed-integer quadratic constrained programming problem polarised sparse array

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A Hybrid Technique Linear sparse array Antenna Design Approach

A Hybrid Technique Linear Sparse Array Antenna Design Approa...

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International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP)

作者： Sandi, Efri Zulkifli, Fitri Yuli Basari Rahardjo, Eko Tjipto Univ Indonesia Fac Engn Dept Elect Engn Antenna Propagat & Microwave Res Grp AMRG Kampus Baru UI Depok Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9784885523021

This paper proposed a new approach of linear sparse array antenna design with a hybrid technique of non-uniform elements spacing and combinatorial cyclic different sets (CDS) to achieve high resolution requirement in radar applications. As an example, the spatial dimension of 64 elements linear microstrip full array configuration (d = 0.7.) is reduced to 32 elements linear sparse array configuration using the proposed technique. The simulation result showed the sparse array beamwidth resolution was improved compared to full array configuration with small sidelobe level degradation.

关键词： Hybrid technique Combinatorial CDS Non-uniform elements spacing sparse array configuration

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