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25th ACM International Systems and Software Product Line Conference (SPLC)

作者： Michelon, Gabriela K. Sotto-Mayor, Bruno Martinez, Jabier Arrieta, Aitor Abreu, Rui Assuncao, Wesley K. G. Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Linz Austria Ben Gurion Univ Negev Beer Sheva Israel Basque Res & Technol Alliance BRTA Tecnalia Derio Spain Univ Mondragon Arrasate Mondragon Spain FEUP Porto Portugal INESC ID Porto Portugal DI Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio De Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450384698

Feature localization (FL) is a basic activity in re-engineering legacy systems into software product lines. In this work, we explore the use of the spectrum-based localization technique for this task. This technique is traditionally used for fault localization but with practical applications in other tasks like the dynamic FL approach that we propose. The ArgoUML SPL benchmark is used as a case study and we compare it with a previous hybrid (static and dynamic) approach from which we reuse the manual and testing execution traces of the features. We conclude that it is feasible and sound to use the spectrum-based approach providing promising results in the benchmark metrics.

关键词： dynamic feature localization spectrum-based localization ArgoUML SPL Benchmark

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spectrum-based feature localization for families of systems?

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2023年 195卷

作者： Michelon, Gabriela K. Martinez, Jabier Sotto-Mayor, Bruno Arrieta, Aitor Assuncao, Wesley K. G. Abreu, Rui Egyed, Alexander Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Linz Austria Basque Res & Technol Alliance BRTA Tecnalia Mendaro Gipuzkoa Spain Ben Gurion Univ Negev Beer Sheva Israel Univ Mondragon Arrasate Mondragon Spain FEUP Porto Portugal INESC ID Porto Portugal

In large code bases, locating the elements that implement concrete features of a system is challenging. This information is paramount for maintenance and evolution tasks, although not always explicitly available. In this work, motivated by the needs of locating features as a first step for feature-based Software Product Line adoption, we propose a solution for improving the performance of existing approaches. For this, relying on an automatic feature localization approach to locate features in single -systems, we propose approaches to deal with feature localization in the context of families of systems, e.g., variants created through opportunistic reuse such as clone-and-own. Our feature localization approaches are built on top of spectrum-based feature localization (SBFL) techniques, supporting both dynamic feature localization (i.e., using execution traces as input) and static feature localization (i.e., relying on the structural decomposition of the variants' implementation). Concretely, we provide (i) a characterization of different settings for dynamic SBFL in single systems, (ii) an approach to improve accuracy of dynamic SBFL for families of systems, and (iii) an approach to use SBFL as a static feature localization technique for families of systems. The proposed approaches are evaluated using the consolidated ArgoUML SPL feature localization benchmark. The results suggest that some settings of SBFL favor precision such as using the ranking metrics Wong2, Ochiai2, or Tarantula with high threshold values, while most of the ranking metrics with low thresholds favor recall. The approach to use information from variants increase the precision of dynamic SBFL while maintaining recall even with few number of variants, namely two or three. Finally, the static SBFL approach performs equally in terms of accuracy to other state-of-the-art approaches, such as Formal Concept Analysis and Interdependent Elements.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is a

关键词： Feature localization spectrum-based localization Clone-and-own Software product lines

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Online Prediction and Improvement of Reliability for Service Oriented Systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY 2016年第3期65卷 1133-1148页

作者： Ding, Zuohua Xu, Ting Ye, Tiantian Zhou, Yuan Zhejiang Sci Tech Univ Lab Intelligent Comp & Software Engn Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China Zhejiang Sci Tech Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China

Reliability is an important metric for measuring the quality of software. Many methods have been proposed for online predicting and improving software reliability, but most of them have the following weakness: they are not able to predict software reliability on different time intervals and to locate the faulty components that cause the declining of the reliability either. This paper proposes a new method for online improvement of reliability of service composition. We use monitored failure data at ports of services to predict the reliabilities of service composition on different time intervals. If the predicted reliability is lower than the expected value, then we locate the faulty components that cause the declining of the reliability by using an improved spectrum-fault-localization (SFL) technique. The system can be automatically reconfigured to improve the system reliability by adding a component replica or replacing the faulty component. An Online Shop example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

关键词： Online data analysis reliability improvement reliability prediction spectrum-based localization system reconfiguration

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FlakyLoc: Flakiness localization for Reliable Test Suites in Web Applications

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JOURNAL OF WEB ENGINEERING 2020年第2期19卷 267-296页

作者： Moran, Jesus Augusto, Cristian Bertolino, Antonia De La Riva, Claudio Tuya, Javier Univ Oviedo Comp Sci Dept Gijon Spain CNR ISTI CNR Pisa Italy

Web application testing is a great challenge due to the management of complex asynchronous communications, the concurrency between the clients-servers, and the heterogeneity of resources employed. It is difficult to ensure that a test case is re-running in the same conditions because it can be executed in undesirable ways according to several environmental factors that are not easy to fine-grain control such as network bottlenecks, memory issues or screen resolution. These environmental factors can cause flakiness, which occurs when the same test case sometimes obtains one test outcome and other times another outcome in the same application due to the execution of environmental factors. The tester usually stops relying on flaky test cases because their outcome varies during the re-executions. To fix and reduce the flakiness it is very important to locate and understand which environmental factors cause the flakiness. This paper is focused on the localization of the root cause of flakiness in web applications based on the characterization of the different environmental factors that are not controlled during testing. The root cause of flakiness is located by means of spectrum-based localization techniques that analyse the test execution under different combinations of the environmental factors that can trigger the flakiness. This technique is evaluated with an educational web platform called FullTeaching. As a result, our technique was able to locate automatically the root cause of flakiness and provide enough information to both understand it and fix it.

关键词： Software testing and debugging spectrum-based localization web applications test flakiness

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Debugging Flaky Tests on Web Applications 15

Debugging Flaky Tests on Web Applications

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15th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies (WEBIST)

作者： Moran, Jesus Augusto, Cristian Bertolino, Antonia de la Riva, Claudio Tuya, Javier Univ Oviedo Comp Sci Dept Gijon Spain CNR ISTI CNR Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789897583865

Testing web applications is a challenging practice because it involves managing asynchronous requests between clients and servers, the integration of heterogeneous technologies, and concurrent accesses to the resources. Therefore, rerunning the test cases of these applications under the same conditions is difficult as one test case can be executed in many different ways according to several environmental factors like memory, screen size or network. Moreover, some of these test cases could be flaky, i.e., due to environmental factors the test outcome can vary even though the application did not change. Understanding which factors are the root cause of flakiness is very important for web developers to both prevent and fix flakiness. This paper introduces a technique to locate the root causes of flakiness based on a characterization of the different environmental factors that are not controlled during the testing of web applications. The root cause of flakiness is located by a spectrum-based localization technique that analyses the execution of the same flaky test under different environmental factors that can trigger the flakiness. The technique is illustrated on an educational web platform named FullTeaching.

关键词： Software Testing and Debugging spectrum-based localization Web Applications Test Flakiness

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