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Biomechanical differences of Asian knee osteoarthritis patients during standing and walking using statistical parametric mapping: A cross-sectional study

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KNEE 2025年 52卷 155-163页

作者： Hu, Yi Teng, Phillis Wu, Tsung-Lin Clark, Ross Pua, Yong-Hao Roberts, Oliver Yong, Jia Wei Alhossary, Amr Lim, Lek Syn Chong, Desmond Y. R. Ang, Wei Tech Tan, Bryan Yijia Nanyang Technol Univ Lee Kong Chian Sch Med 11 Mandalay Rd17-01 Singapore 308232 Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ Rehabil Res Inst Singapore 11 Mandalay Rd14-03 Clin Sci Bldg Singapore 308232 Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ Natl Inst Educ Phys Educ & Sports Sci Acad Grp 1 Nanyang Walk Singapore 637616 Singapore Univ Sunshine Coast 90 Sippy Downs Dr Sippy Downs Qld 4556 Australia Singapore Gen Hosp Outram Rd Singapore 169608 Singapore Singapore Inst Technol 10 Dover Dr Singapore 138683 Singapore Yishun Community Hosp Woodlands Hlth Natl Healthcare Grp Singapore 2 Yishun Cent 2Tower E Level 5 Singapore 768024 Singapore

Background: Biomechanics of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients have been extensively studied using motion capture systems, but less have explored standing knee joint angles with the walking parameters, particularly in Asians. We aim to determine gait biomechanical differences between healthy and KOA participants in an Asian population using Onedimensional statistical parametric mapping (SPM1D) and explore if they are associated with standing joint angles. Methods: A total of 20 KOA and 24 healthy stood upright and walked 10 mat self-selected speeds. The standing angles, walking kinematic and kinetic parameters of the ankle, knee, hip and trunk were analysed. Lower limb muscle excitation was measured via electromyography. SPM1D was used to compare the healthy group with the KOA group, and for further subgroup analysis. Results: The all KOA group had significantly greater standing knee flexion angles (KFA) (p < 0.001), standing ankle dorsiflexion angles (ADA) (p < 0.001), walking KFA during terminal stance (p = 0.001) and terminal swing (p = 0.02) and walking ADA during terminal stance (p = 0.02) and mid-swing to terminal swing (p = 0.001). Knee adduction moment (p = 0.04) and knee flexion moment (p = 0.03) were higher in severe KOA. A positive correlation was found between standing KFA and initial KFA (R-2 = 0.579), and mean walking KFA (R-2 = 0.801) in the KOA group. Conclusion: The increase in standing KFA was associated with an increase in walking KFA in the KOA group. Static joint angles remain as an essential parameter, although further

关键词： Gait analysis Knee osteoarthritis Walking statistical parametric mapping Standing Kinematics

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Uncovering age-related differences in foot trajectory patterns during obstacle crossing: statistical parametric mapping approach

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Gait & Posture 2025年 121卷 135-138页

作者： Yuki Suda Kentaro Kodama Yu Ozawa Ryota Sakurai Department of Health Promotion Science Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Research fellow Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan University Education Center Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Research Institute of Sports Medical Science Tokai University Kanagawa Japan Sports Promotion Center Tokai University Kanagawa Japan Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology Japan

Introduction Falls in older adults frequently occur during obstacle crossing. Recent investigations have focused on age-related differences in foot trajectory patterns throughout the swing phase of obstacle crossing. However, a standardized method for comparing these differences has not been established. statistical parametric mapping (SPM) is advantageous for comparing time-series data and may be applicable to foot trajectory data. Objective This study aimed to elucidate age-related differences in foot trajectory patterns using SPM. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of data from Sakurai et al. (2021), involving 72 older (78.04 ± 5.74 years) and 76 younger (28.36 ± 7.84 years) adults. Participants were required to walk and cross a 15 cm-high obstacle four times. The foot trajectory pattern was calculated using the toe height throughout one step (i.e., the swing phase from toe-off to heel contact) when the leading limb crossed the obstacle. The patterns were normalized based on the time required for each step. Differences in foot trajectory patterns were compared between age groups using a non-paired t -test SPM. Results Older adults exhibited higher toe heights preceding obstacle crossing and lower toe heights before landing compared to younger adults. This indicates that age-related differences in the foot trajectory patterns occurred both before obstacle crossing and landing. Conclusion Our novel approach demonstrates the utility of SPM in capturing foot trajectory patterns during obstacle crossing and provides evidence that age-related characteristics may be overlooked by confining analysis solely to the moment of obstacle crossing.

关键词： Stepping over an obstacle Older adults Aging Swing phase statistical parametric mapping

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statistical parametric mapping of regional glucose metabolism in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

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NEUROIMAGE 2000年第2期12卷 129-138页

作者： Van Bogaert, P Massager, N Tugendhaft, P Wikler, D Damhaut, P Levivier, M Brotchi, J Goldman, S Free Univ Brussels Hop Erasme PET Biomed Cyclotron Unit B-1000 Brussels Belgium Free Univ Brussels Hop Erasme Dept Pediat Neurol B-1000 Brussels Belgium Free Univ Brussels Hop Erasme Dept Neurosurg B-1000 Brussels Belgium Free Univ Brussels Hop Erasme Dept Neurol B-1000 Brussels Belgium

We investigated statistical parametric mapping (SPM) use for positron emission tomography (PET) with [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) data analysis in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. The study involved 14 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy ultimately treated by anterior temporal lobectomy. Surgical outcome in terms of seizure control was favorable in 12 patients. Two different SPM approaches were designed to analyze each FDG-PET scan: a direct comparison with a control group (n = 27) and a search for significant interhemispheric asymmetry considering the asymmetry existing in the control group. statistical inference was performed, first, without correction for multiple comparisons (making the hypothesis of temporal hypometabolism) and, second, after correction for multiple comparisons. Search for temporal interhemispheric asymmetry under the hypothesis of temporal hypometabolism was the most reliable SPM approach: hypometabolism was identified on the side chosen for resection in most cases (sensitivity, 71%;specificity, 100%) and was predictive of favorable postsurgical outcome in 90% of the patients, There was no false-positive result within the control group using this approach. After correction for multiple comparisons, SPM also identified in some patients temporal hypermetabolic areas as well as extratemporal cortical and subcortical hypometabolic areas on the side of resection but also on the contralateral side. In a further step, SPM was used for a group analysis of patients with favorable outcome after reversing scans when needed to set an identical lateralization in all patients. This analysis identified multiple ipsilateral temporal and extratemporal hypometabolic regions;when temporal metabolic changes were specifically assessed, the contralateral mesiotemporal region was found hypermetabolic, possibly as a manifestation of compensatory mechanisms in the presence of a unilateral epileptogenic lesion. (C) 2000 Academic Press.

关键词： statistical parametric mapping glucose metabolism positron emission tomography epilepsy temporal lobe

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statistical parametric mapping analysis of the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow and symptom clusters of the depressive mood in patients with pre-dialytic chronic kidney disease

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ANNALS OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2008年第3期22卷 201-206页

作者： Kim, Seong-Jang Song, Sang Heon Kim, Ji Hoon Kwak, Ihm Soo Pusan Natl Univ Hosp Dept Nucl Med Pusan 602739 South Korea Pusan Natl Univ Hosp Med Res Inst Pusan 602739 South Korea Pusan Natl Univ Hosp Dept Internal Med Pusan 602739 South Korea Pusan Natl Univ Hosp Dept Psychiat Pusan 602739 South Korea

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and symptom clusters of depressive mood in pre-dialytic chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods Twenty-seven patients with stage 4-5 CKD were subjected to statistical parametric mapping analysis of brain single-photon emission computed tomography. Correlation analyses between separate symptom clusters of depressive mood and rCBF were done. Results The first factor (depressive mood) was negatively correlated with rCBF in the right insula, posterior cingulate gyrus, and left superior temporal gyrus, and positively correlated with rCBF in the left fusiform gyrus. The second factor (insomnia) was negatively correlated with rCBF in the right middle frontal gyrus, bilateral cingulate gyri, right insula, right putamen, and right inferior parietal lobule, and positively correlated with rCBF in left fusiform gyrus and bilateral cerebellar tonsils. The third factor (anxiety and psychomotor aspects) was negatively correlated with rCBF in the left inferior frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, and left superior frontal gyrus, and positively correlated with rCBF in the right ligual gyrus and right parahippocampal gyrus. Conclusions In this study, the separate symptom clusters were correlated with specific rCBF patterns similar to those in major depressive disorder patients without CKD. However, some areas with discordant rCBF patterns were also noted when compared with major depressive disorder patients. Further larger scale investigations are needed.

关键词： chronic kidney disease depression statistical parametric mapping Tc-99m ECD SPECT

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statistical parametric mapping for analyzing interictal magnetoencephalography in patients with left frontal lobe epilepsy

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SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY 2016年 34卷 38-43页

作者： Zhu, Haitao Zhu, Jinlong Bao, Forrest Sheng Liu, Hongyi Zhu, Xuchuang Wu, Ting Yang, Lu Zou, Yuanjie Zhang, Rui Zheng, Gang Nanjing Med Univ Nanjing Brain Hosp Dept Neurosurg Nanjing 210029 Jiangsu Peoples R China Univ Akron Dept Elect & Comp Engn Akron OH 44325 USA Nanjing Med Univ Nanjing Brain Hosp MEG Ctr Nanjing 210029 Jiangsu Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Sch Med Jinling Hosp Dept Med Imaging Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Civil Aviat Nanjing 210016 Jiangsu Peoples R China

Purpose: Frontal lobe epilepsy is a common epileptic disorder and is characterized by recurring seizures that arise in the frontal lobes. The purpose of this study is to identify the epileptogenic regions and other abnormal regions in patients with left frontal lobe epilepsy (LFLE) based on the magnetoencephalogram (MEG), and to understand the effects of clinical variables on brain activities in patients with LFLE. Method: Fifteen patients with LFLE (23.20 +/- 8.68 years, 6 female and 9 male) and 16 healthy controls (23.13 +/- 7.66 years, 6 female and 10 male) were included in resting-stage MEG examinations. Epileptogenic regions of LFLE patients were confirmed by surgery. Regional brain activations were quantified using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). The correlation between the activations of the abnormal brain regions and the clinical seizure parameters were computed for LFLE patients. Results: Brain activations of LFLE patients were significantly elevated in left superior/middle/inferior frontal gyri, postcentral gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, insula, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala, including the epileptogenic regions. Remarkable decreased activations were found mainly in the left parietal gyrus and precuneus. There is a positive correlation between the duration of the epilepsy (in month) and activations of the abnormal regions, while no relation was found between age of seizure onset (year), seizure frequency and the regions of the abnormal activity of the epileptic patients. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the aberrant brain activities of LFLE patients were not restricted to the epileptogenic zones. Long duration of epilepsy might induce further functional damage in patients with LFLE. (c) 2015 British Epilepsy Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： statistical parametric mapping Magnetoencephalography Left frontal lobe epilepsy Epileptogenic regions

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statistical parametric mapping reveals regional alterations in cannabinoid CB1 receptor distribution and G-protein activation in the 3D reconstructed epileptic rat brain

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EPILEPSIA 2012年第5期53卷 897-907页

作者： Sayers, Katherine W. Nguyen, Peter T. Blair, Robert E. Sim-Selley, Laura J. DeLorenzo, Robert J. Virginia Commonwealth Univ Dept Neurol Richmond VA 23298 USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Dept Anat & Neurobiol Richmond VA 23298 USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol Richmond VA 23298 USA

Purpose: The endocannabinoid system is known to modulate seizure activity in several in vivo and in vitro models, and CB1-receptor activation is anticonvulsant in the rat pilocarpine model of acquired epilepsy (AE). In these epileptic rats, a unique redistribution of the CB1 receptor occurs within the hippocampus;however, an anatomically inclusive analysis of the effect of status epilepticus (SE)induced AE on CB1 receptors has not been thoroughly evaluated. Therefore, statistical parametric mapping (SPM), a whole-brain unbiased approach, was used to study the long-term effect of pilocarpine-induced SE on CB1-receptor binding and G-protein activation in rats with AE. Methods: Serial coronal sections from control and epileptic rats were cut at equal intervals throughout the neuraxis and processed for [3H]WIN55,212-2 (WIN) autoradiography, WIN-stimulated [35S]GTP?S autoradiography, and CB1-receptor immunohistochemistry (IHC). The autoradiographic techniques were evaluated with both region of interest (ROI) and SPM analyses. Key Findings: In rats with AE, regionally specific increases in CB1-receptor binding and activity were detected in cortex, discrete thalamic nuclei, and other regions including caudate-putamen and septum, and confirmed by IHC. However, CB1 receptors were unaltered in several brain regions, including substantia nigra and cerebellum, and did not exhibit regional decreases in rats with AE. Significance: This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of the regional distribution of changes in CB1-receptor expression, binding, and G-protein activation in the rat pilocarpine model of AE. These regions may ultimately serve as targets for cannabinomimetic compounds or manipulation of the endocannabinoid system in epileptic brain.

关键词： Pilocarpine Acquired epilepsy Immunohistochemistry [35S]GTP?S autoradiography [3H]WIN55 212-2 autoradiography statistical parametric mapping

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statistical parametric mapping for event-related potentials (II): a hierarchical temporal model

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NEUROIMAGE 2004年第2期22卷 503-520页

作者： Kiebel, SJ Friston, KJ Inst Neurol Wellcome Dept Imaging Neurosci Funct Imaging Lab London WC1N 3BG England

In this paper, we describe a temporal model for event-related potentials (ERP) in the context of statistical parametric mapping (SPM). In brief, we project channel data onto a two-dimensional scalp surface or into three-dimensional brain space using some appropriate inverse solution. We then treat the spatiotemporal data in a mass-univariate fashion. This implicitly factorises the model into spatial and temporal components. The key contribution of this paper is the use of observation models that afford an explicit distinction between observation error and variation in the expression of ERPs. This distinction is created by employing a two-level hierarchical model, in which the first level models the ERP effects within-subject and trial type, while the second models differences in ERP expression among trial types and subjects. By bringing the analysis of ERP data into a classical hierarchical (i.e., mixed effects) framework, many apparently disparate approaches (e.g., conventional P300 analyses and time-frequency analyses of stimulus-locked oscillations) can be reconciled within the same estimation and inference procedure. Inference proceeds in the normal way using t or F statistics to test t. or effects that are localised in peristimulus time or in some time-frequency window. The use of F statistics is an important generalisation of classical approaches, because it allows one to test for effects that lie in a multidimensional subspace (i.e., of unknown but constrained form). We describe the analysis procedures, the underlying theory and compare its performance to established techniques. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： statistical parametric mapping event-related potentials temporal model

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statistical parametric mapping of interictal 123I-iomazenil SPECT in temporal lobe epilepsy surgery

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EPILEPSY RESEARCH 2013年第1-2期106卷 173-180页

作者： Fujitani, Shigeru Matsuda, Kazumi Nakamura, Fumihiro Baba, Koichi Usui, Naotaka Tottori, Takayasu Mihara, Tadahiro Terada, Kiyohito Usui, Keiko Inoue, Yushi Kajita, Yasukazu Wakabayashi, Toshihiko Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hosp Nakamura Ku Nagoya Aichi Japan Shizuoka Inst Epilepsy & Neurol Disorders Natl Epilepsy Ctr Aoi Ku Shizuoka Japan Nagoya Univ Dept Neurosurg Grad Sch Med Showa Ku Nagoya Aichi 4648601 Japan

Brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for epilepsy is divided into two types (using three radionuclide tracers) perfusion SPECT (123I-IMP or 99 mTc-ECD), identifying epileptogenic foci by detecting abnormality in regional cerebral blood flow, and 123I-iomazenil SPECT, identifying epiteptogenic foci based on distribution of central benzodiazepine receptors. This study aimed to statistically evaluate and compare the SPECT effectiveness for the three tracers. statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis was performed on 30 mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients. The radionuclide and patient data were categorized as follows: abnormality in the medial temporal lobe on the operated hemisphere (AAA), in the entire temporal lobe on the operated hemisphere (AA), in the dominantly affected temporal lobe on the operated hemisphere (A), in bilateral temporal lobes (B), with no abnormalities in bilateral temporal lobes (C), and with abnormality in the temporal lobe on the nonoperated hemisphere (D). For analyses of (AAA), (AA), and (A), examining the hemisphere containing epileptogenic foci, IMP-SPECT was significantly superior to ECD-SPECT (P<0.05). For (AAA), indicating localization, IMZ-SPECT was significantly superior to the other two (P<0.05). IMP-SPECT was superior for lateralizing and IMZ-SPECT was useful for localizing epileptogenic foci in mTLE patients though the applicability of the results in extratemporal lobe epilepsy is unknown. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Temporal lobe epilepsy Epileptogenic foci Single photon emission computed tomography 123I-iomazenil Benzodiazepine receptor statistical parametric mapping

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statistical parametric mapping applied to an autoradiographic study of cerebral activation during treadmill walking in rats

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NEUROIMAGE 2004年第1期23卷 252-259页

作者： Nguyen, PT Holschneider, DP Maarek, JMI Yang, J Mandelkern, MA Univ So Calif Keck Sch Med Dept Cell & Neurobiol Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Univ Calif Irvine Dept Phys & Astron Irvine CA USA Univ So Calif Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci Los Angeles CA USA Univ So Calif Dept Neurol Los Angeles CA USA Univ So Calif Dept Biomed Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst Los Angeles CA USA

Autoradiographs are conventionally analyzed by a region-of-interest (ROI) analysis. However, definition of ROIs on an image set is labor intensive, is subject to potential inter-rater bias, and is not well suited for anatomically variable structures that may not consistently correspond to specific ROIs. Most importantly, the ROI method is poorly suited for whole-brain analysis, where one wishes to detect all activations resulting from an experimental paradigm. A system developed for analysis of imaging data in humans, statistical parametric mapping (SPM), avoids some of these limitations but has not previously been adapted as a toot for the analysis of autoradiographs. Here, we describe the application of SPM to an autoradiographic data set mapping cerebral activation in rats during treadmill walking. We studied freely moving, non-tethered rats that received injections of the cerebral blood flow tracer [C-14]-iodoantipyrine, while they were performing a treadmill task (n=7) or during a quiescent control condition (n=6). Results obtained with SPM were compared to those previously reported using a standard ROI-based method of analysis [J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 23(2003) 925]. The SPM method confirmed most areas detected as significant using the ROI approach. However, in the subcortex, SPM detected additional significant regions that, because of their irregular structures, fell short of statistical significance when analyzed by ROI. The SPM approach offers the ability to perform a semi-automated whole-brain analysis, and coupled with autoradiography, provides an effective means to globally localize functional activity in small animals. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： statistical parametric mapping autoradiography cerebral blood flow rats

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statistical parametric mapping of immunopositive cell density

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NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH 2006年第1期56卷 96-102页

作者： Wada, Makoto Yoshimi, Kenji Higo, Noriyuki Ren, Yong-Ri Mochizuki, Hideki Mizuno, Yoshikuni Kitazawa, Shigeru Juntendo Univ Sch Med Dept Physiol Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138421 Japan Juntendo Univ Sch Med Dept Neurol Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138421 Japan Juntendo Univ Sch Med Res Inst Dis Old Age Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138421 Japan Japan Sci & Technol Agcy CREST Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138421 Japan Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Neurosci Res Inst Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058568 Japan

We developed a new method for comparing immunopositive cell densities across groups of animals and creating statistical parametric maps on standardized sections. As an example, we compared lba-1 (microglial marker) positive cell densities in rats with (n = 6) and without (n = 6) unilateral injection of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium salt (MPP+). Immunopositive cells were automatically counted in each animal over a coronal section in the midbrain (bregma -5.9 mm) and a positive cell density map was created for each animal. After the positive cell density map was normalized to a template section from an atlas, positive cell densities of the two groups were compared in each pixel over the section and a statistical parameter (p-value from t-test) was mapped on each pixel. We were able to detect significant increases of microglias in the side of MPP+ injection not only in the substantia nigra pars compacta but also in adjacent white matter. We also applied the same analysis to tyrosine hydroxylase stained sections and detected significant decreases of dopamine neurons in the side of MPP+ injection. The new method was proven to be useful for detecting significant changes of cell densities over the entire area of immunostained sections. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： cell count statistical parametric mapping MPP+ MPTP microglia Iba-1 dopamine neuron substantia nigra

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