This book is about using interactive and dynamic plots on a computer screen as part of data exploration and modeling, both alone and as a partner with static graphics and non-graphical computational methods. The area ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780387717623
ISBN:
(纸本)9780387717616
This book is about using interactive and dynamic plots on a computer screen as part of data exploration and modeling, both alone and as a partner with static graphics and non-graphical computational methods. The area of int- active and dynamic data visualization emerged within statistics as part of research on exploratory data analysis in the late 1960s, and it remains an active subject of research today, as its use in practice continues to grow. It now makes substantial contributions within computer science as well, as part of the growing ?elds of information visualization and data mining, especially visual data mining. The material in this book includes: • An introduction to data visualization, explaining how it di?ers from other types of visualization. • Adescriptionofourtoolboxofinteractiveanddynamicgraphicalmethods. • An approach for exploring missing values in data. • An explanation of the use of these tools in cluster analysis and supervised classi?cation. • An overview of additional material available on the web. • A description of the data used in the analyses and exercises. The book’s examples use the software R and GGobi. R (Ihaka & Gent- man 1996, RDevelopment CoreTeam2006) isafreesoftware environment for statistical computing and graphics; it is most often used from the command line, provides a wide variety of statistical methods, and includes high–quality ***- land and is now developed and maintained by a global collaborative e?ort.
1. 1 Welcome to ggplot2 ggplot2 is an R package for producing statistical, or data, graphics, but it is unlike most other graphics packages because it has a deep underlying grammar. This grammar, based on the Grammar ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780387981413
1. 1 Welcome to ggplot2 ggplot2 is an R package for producing statistical, or data, graphics, but it is unlike most other graphics packages because it has a deep underlying grammar. This grammar, based on the Grammar of Graphics (Wilkinson, 2005), is composed of a set of independent components that can be composed in many di?erent ways. This makesggplot2 very powerful, because you are not limited to a set of pre-speci?ed graphics, but you can create new graphics that are precisely tailored for your problem. This may sound overwhelming, but because there is a simple set of core principles and very few special cases, ggplot2 is also easy to learn (although it may take a little time to forget your preconceptions from other graphics tools). Practically,ggplot2 provides beautiful, hassle-free plots, that take care of ?ddly details like drawing legends. The plots can be built up iteratively and edited later. A carefully chosen set of defaults means that most of the time you can produce a publication-quality graphic in seconds, but if you do have special formatting requirements, a comprehensive theming system makes it easy to do what you want. Instead of spending time making your graph look pretty, you can focus on creating a graph that best reveals the messages in your data.
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