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Vortex-antivortex lattices in a holographic superconductor

Physical Review D 2024年第4期109卷 046019-046019页

作者： Jia-Hao Su Chuan-Yin Xia Wei-Can Yang Hua-Bi Zeng Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Department of Physics Osaka Metropolitan University 3-3-138 Sugimoto 558-8585 Osaka Japan Center for Theoretical Physics Hainan University Haikou 570228 China

We employ the Einstein-Abelian-Higgs theory to investigate the structure of vortex-antivortex lattices within a superconductor driven by spatial periodic magnetic fields. By adjusting the parameters of the external magnetic field, including the period (T) and the amplitude (B0), various distinct vortex states emerge. These states encompass the Wigner crystallization state, the vortex cluster state, and the suppressed state. Additionally, we present a comprehensive phase diagram to demarcate the specific regions where these structures emerge, contributing to our understanding of superconductivity in complex magnetic environments.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities General relativity Superconductors string theory techniques in condensed matter

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First order phase transition in the D3-D7 model from the point of view of the fermionic spectral functions

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Physical Review D 2024年第2期110卷 026003-026003页

作者： Xian-Hui Ge Shuta Ishigaki Sang-Jin Sin Taewon Yuk Department of Physics

We consider the D3-D7 model and use the spectral function of a probe fermion on D7 to analyze the first order phase transition from the black-hole embedding phase to another black-hole embedding phase in the presence of the finite density and temperature. From the fermionic spectral functions, we study the temperature dependence of the decay rate, and we observe various phenomena that support the first order phase transition including jump in it at the critical temperature that corresponds to the first order phase transition.

关键词： Field & string theory models & techniques Gauge-gravity dualities string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Spacetime-localized response in quantum critical spin systems: Insights from holography

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Physical Review D 2024年第12期109卷 126003-126003页

作者： Motoaki Bamba Koji Hashimoto Keiju Murata Daichi Takeda Daisuke Yamamoto Department of Physics Graduate School of Engineering Science The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research Department of Physics Department of Physics College of Humanities and Sciences Nihon University Sakurajosui Tokyo 156-8550 Japan

According to the AdS/CFT correspondence, certain quantum many-body systems in d-dimensions are equivalent to gravitational theories in (d+1)-dimensional asymptotically anti–de Sitter (AdS) spacetimes. When a massless particle is sent from the AdS boundary to the bulk curved spacetime, it reaches another point of the boundary after a time lag. In the dual quantum system, it should appear as if quasiparticles have been transferred between two separated points. We theoretically demonstrate that this phenomenon, which we call “spacetime-localized response”, is actually observed in the dynamics of the one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model near the quantum critical point. This result suggests that, if we can realize a holographic spin system in a laboratory, the experimental probing of the emergent extra dimension is possible by applying a designed stimulus to a quantum many-body system, which is holographically equivalent to sending a massless particle through the higher-dimensional curved bulk geometry. We also discuss possible experimental realizations using Rydberg atoms in an optical tweezers array.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Asymptotic symmetry algebra of N=8 supergravity

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Physical Review D 2024年第4期109卷 046010-046010页

作者： Nabamita Banerjee Tabasum Rahnuma Ranveer Kumar Singh Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Bhopal 462066 India NHETC Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers University 126 Frelinghuysen Rd. Piscataway New Jersey 08855 USA

The asymptotic symmetry algebra of N=1 supergravity was recently constructed using the well-known two-dimensional celestial conformal field (CFT) theory technique [A. Fotopoulos et al., J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2020) 198]. In this paper, we extend the construction to the maximally supersymmetric four-dimensional N=8 supergravity theory in asymptotically flat spacetime and construct the extended asymptotic symmetry algebra, which we call N=8 sbms4. We use the celestial CFT technique to find the appropriate currents for extensions of N=8 super-Poincaré and SU(8)R R-symmetry current algebra on the celestial sphere CS2. We generalize the definition of shadow transformations and show that there is no infinite dimensional extension of the global SU(8)R algebra in the theory.

关键词： Classical black holes Conformal field theory Continuous symmetries Gauge theories Geometry Grand unified models Quantum aspects of black holes Quantum field theory Quantum fields in curved spacetime Quantum gravity string theory techniques in condensed matter Supergravity Supersymmetry Symmetries Topology

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Holographic dual of a quantum spin chain as a Chern-Simons-scalar theory

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Physical Review D 2024年第8期109卷 086023-086023页

作者： Naoto Yokoi Yasuyuki Oikawa Eiji Saitoh Department of Applied Physics The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Institute for AI and Beyond The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan

We construct a holographic dual theory of one-dimensional anisotropic Heisenberg spin chain, which includes two Chern-Simons gauge fields and a charged scalar field. Thermodynamic quantities of the spin chain at low temperatures, which are exactly calculated from the integrability, are completely reproduced by the dual theory on three-dimensional black hole backgrounds and the exact matching of the parameters between the dual theory and the spin chain is obtained. The holographic dual theory provides a new theoretical framework to analyze the quantum spin chain and one-dimensional quantum many-body systems.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities string theory techniques in condensed matter Quantum spin models Integrable systems

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Page curves in holographic superconductors

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Physical Review D 2024年第4期110卷 046003-046003页

作者： Yuanceng Xu Dong Wang Qiyuan Pan Institute of Astrophysics School of Sciences Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications and Department of Physics

Considering a doubly holographic model, we study the black hole information paradox for the eternal AdSd-RN black hole coupled to and in equilibrium with a d-dimensional conformal bath whose state has been deformed by the charged scalar field coupled to a U(1) gauge field. Without a brane, the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the gauge field on boundary systems can induce a second-order phase transition of the charged scalar field at the critical temperature, known as holographic superconductors. The bath deformation can significantly change its entanglement dynamics with the black hole, resulting in variations in the Page curve and Page time. Our results indicate that characteristic parameters of the Page curve, such as entanglement velocity, initial area difference and Page time, can be used as suitable probes to detect superconducting phase transitions. In particular, the entanglement velocity can also probe both Kasner flows and Josephson oscillations. When keeping the endpoint of the radiation region fixed at twice the critical Page point, the entanglement velocity (the internal backreaction) has a more significant influence on the Page time compared to the initial area difference (the external backreaction).

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities Quantum aspects of black holes string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Motion of a superfluid vortex according to holographic quantum dissipation

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Physical Review B 2023年第14期107卷 144511-144511页

作者： Wei-Can Yang Chuan-Yin Xia Hua-Bi Zeng Makoto Tsubota Jan Zaanen Department of Physics Osaka Metropolitan University 3-3-138 Sugimoto 558-8585 Osaka Japan Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NITEP) Osaka Metropolitan University 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan Institute Lorentz for Theoretical Physics Leiden University 2311 Leiden The Netherlands

Vortices are topological defects associated with superfluids and superconductors, which, when mobile, dissipate energy destroying the dissipationless nature of the superfluid. The nature of this “quantum dissipation” is rooted in the quantum physical nature of the problem, which has been the subject of an extensive literature. However, this has mostly been focused on the measures applicable in weakly interacting systems wherein they are tractable via conventional methods. Recently, it became possible to address such dynamical quantum thermalization problems in very strongly interacting systems using the holographic duality discovered in string theory, mapping the quantum problem on a gravitational problem in one higher dimension, having as benefit offering a more general view on how dissipation emerges from such intricate quantum physical circumstances. We study here the elementary problem of a single vortex in two space dimensions, set in motion by a sudden quench in the background superflow formed in a finite-density Reissner-Nordstrom holographic superfluid. This reveals a number of surprising outcomes addressing questions of principle. By fitting the trajectories unambiguously to the Hall-Vinen-Iordanskii phenomenological equation of motion we find that these are characterized by a large inertial mass at low temperature that, however, diminishes upon raising temperature. For a weak drive the drag is found to increase when temperature is lowered, which reveals a simple shear drag associated with the viscous metallic vortex cores, supplemented by a conventional normal fluid component at higher temperatures. For a strong drive we discover a unique dynamical phenomenon: the core of the vortex deforms accompanied by a large increase of the drag force.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities Strong interaction Vortices in superfluids Superfluids string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Heating Up Quadruply Quantized Vortices: Splitting Patterns and Dynamical Transitions

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第22期131卷 221602-221602页

作者： Shanquan Lan Xin Li Yu Tian Peng Yang Hongbao Zhang Department of Physics Lingnan Normal University Zhanjiang 524048 China Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Physics University of Helsinki P.O. Box 64 FI-00014 Helsinki Finland Helsinki Institute of Physics University of Helsinki P.O. Box 64 FI-00014 Helsinki Finland School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Using holographic duality, we investigate the impact of finite temperature on the instability and splitting patterns of quadruply quantized vortices, providing the first-ever analysis in this context. Through linear stability analysis, we reveal the occurrence of two consecutive dynamical transitions. At a specific low temperature, the dominant unstable mode transitions from the twofold rotational symmetry mode to the threefold one, followed by a transition from the threefold one to the fourfold one at a higher temperature. As the temperature is increased, we also observe the fivefold and sixfold rotational symmetry unstable modes get excited successively. Employing the full nonlinear numerical simulations, we further demonstrate that these two novel dynamical transitions, along with the temperature-induced instabilities for the fivefold and sixfold rotational symmetry modes, can be identified by examining the resulting distinct splitting patterns, which offers a promising route for the experimental verification in the cold atom gases.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities Vortex dynamics Superfluids string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Rigorous Bounds on Transport from Causality

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第26期130卷 261601-261601页

作者： Michal P. Heller Alexandre Serantes Michał Spaliński Benjamin Withers Department of Physics and Astronomy Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB) Facultat de Física Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1 E-08028 Barcelona Spain National Centre for Nuclear Research 02-093 Warsaw Poland Physics Department University of Białystok 15-245 Białystok Poland Mathematical Sciences and STAG Research Centre University of Southampton Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom

We use causality to derive a number of simple and universal constraints on dispersion relations, which describe the location of singularities of retarded two-point functions in relativistic quantum field theories. We prove that all causal dissipative dispersion relations have a finite radius of convergence in cases where stochastic fluctuations are negligible. We then give two-sided bounds on all transport coefficients in units of this radius, including an upper bound on diffusivity.

关键词： Diffusion Gauge-gravity dualities Quantum field theory Quantum transport Methods in transport Relativistic hydrodynamics string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Disordered Quantum Critical Fixed Points from Holography

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第14期131卷 141601-141601页

作者： Xiaoyang Huang Subir Sachdev Andrew Lucas Department of Physics and Center for Theory of Quantum Matter University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA

Using holographic duality, we present an analytically controlled theory of quantum critical points without quasiparticles, at finite disorder and finite charge density. These fixed points are obtained by perturbing a disorder-free quantum critical point with relevant disorder whose operator dimension is perturbatively close to Harris marginal. We analyze these fixed points both using field theoretic arguments, and by solving the bulk equations of motion in holography. We calculate the critical exponents of the IR theory, together with thermoelectric transport coefficients. Our predictions for the critical exponents of the disordered fixed point are consistent with previous work, both in holographic and nonholograpic models.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities Quantum criticality Disordered systems string theory techniques in condensed matter

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