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Reconstruction of the quasinormal spectrum from pole skipping

Physical Review D 2023年第10期108卷 L101901-L101901页

作者： Sašo Grozdanov Timotej Lemut Juan F. Pedraza Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH8 9YL Scotland Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Jadranska ulica 19 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Instituto de Física Téorica UAM/CSIC Calle Nicolás Cabrera 13-15 Madrid 28049 Spain

The holographic gauge/gravity duality provides an explicit reduction of quantum field theory (QFT) calculations in the semiclassical large-N limit to sets of “gravitational” differential equations whose analysis can reveal all details of the spectra of thermal QFT correlators. We argue that in certain cases, a complete reconstruction of the spectrum and of the corresponding correlator is possible from only the knowledge of an infinite, discrete set of pole-skipping points traversed by a single (hydrodynamic) mode computed in a series expansion in an inverse number of spacetime dimensions. Conceptually, this reduces the computation of a QFT correlator spectrum to performing a set of purely algebraic manipulations. With the help of the pole-skipping analysis, we also uncover a novel structure underpinning the coefficients that enter the hydrodynamic dispersion relations.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities Quantum chaos Transport phenomena Real & complex analysis Relativistic hydrodynamics string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Universal aspects of holographic quantum critical transport with self-duality

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Physical Review D 2023年第4期108卷 L041901-L041901页

作者： Ángel J. Murcia Dmitri Sorokin INFN Sezione di Padova Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova Italy Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia “Galileo Galilei ” Università degli Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova Italy

We prove several universal properties of charge transport in generic conformal field theories holographic to nonminimal extensions of four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory with exact electromagnetic duality invariance. First, we explicitly verify that the conductivity of these theories at zero momentum is a universal frequency-independent constant. Then, we derive the analytical expressions for the conductivities at nonzero momentum in any holographic duality-invariant theory for large frequencies and in the limit of small frequencies and momenta. Next, in the absence of terms that couple covariant derivatives of the curvature to gauge field strengths, two universal features are proven. On the one hand, it is shown that for a general-relativity neutral black-hole background the conductivities at any frequency and momentum are independent of the choice of duality-invariant theory, thus coinciding with those in the Einstein-Maxwell case. On the other hand, if higher-curvature terms affect the gravitational background, the conductivities get modified, but the contributions from nonminimal couplings of the gauge field to gravity are subleading. We illustrate this feature with an example.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities Quantum gravity string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Holographic superconductors at zero density

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Physical Review D 2023年第10期107卷 106004-106004页

作者： Jie Ren Haodong Xie School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

We construct holographic superconductors at zero density. The model enjoys a luxury property that the background geometry dual to the ground state is analytically available. It has a hyperscaling-violating geometry in the IR and is asymptotically anti–de Sitter in the UV. Classification by IR geometries gives new insights on supergravity solutions. We numerically construct the finite temperature solution of hairy black holes and verify the phase transition by tuning a double-trace deformation parameter. For a holographic superconductor from M theory, we obtain an analytic solution of the ac conductivity, which explicitly shows a superconducting delta function and a hard gap.

关键词： Classical black holes Electrical conductivity Gauge-gravity dualities Supergravity string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Giant vortex in a fast rotating holographic superfluid

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Physical Review D 2023年第2期107卷 026006-026006页

作者： Jia-Hao Su Chuan-Yin Xia Wei-Can Yang Hua-Bi Zeng Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Department of Physics Osaka Metropolitan University 3-3-138 Sugimoto 558-8585 Osaka Japan

In a holographic superfluid disk, when the rotational velocity is large enough, we find that a giant vortex will form in the center of the system by merging several single charged vortices at some specific rotational velocity with a phase stratification phenomenon for the order parameter. The formation of a giant vortex can be explained, as there is not enough space for a standard vortex lattice. If we keep increasing the rotational velocity, the giant vortex will disappear and there will be an appearance of a superfluid ring. In the giant vortex region, the number of vortices measured from winding number and rotational velocity always satisfies the linear Feynman relation. However, when the superfluid ring starts to appear, the number of vortices in the disk will decrease although the rotational velocity is increasing, while most of the order parameter is suppressed.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities General relativity Superfluidity Vortices in superfluids string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Holographic dissipation prefers the Landau over the Keldysh form

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Physical Review D 2023年第12期107卷 L121901-L121901页

作者： Yu-Kun Yan Shanquan Lan Yu Tian Peng Yang Shunhui Yao Hongbao Zhang School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Physics Lingnan Normal University Zhanjiang 524048 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Although holographic duality has been regarded as a complementary tool in helping understand the nonequilibrium dynamics of strongly coupled many-body systems, it still remains a remarkable challenge how to confront its predictions quantitatively with real experimental scenarios. By matching the holographic vortex dynamics with the phenomenological dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii models, we find that the holographic dissipation mechanism can be well captured by the Landau form rather than the Keldysh one, although the latter is much more widely used in numerical simulations. Our finding is expected to open up novel avenues for facilitating the quantitative test of holographic predictions against upcoming experimental data. Our result also provides a prime example how holographic duality can help select proper phenomenological models to describe far-from-equilibrium nonlinear dynamics beyond the hydrodynamic regime.

关键词： Dissipative dynamics Gauge-gravity dualities Vortices in superfluids string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Properties of gapped systems in AdS/BCFT

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Physical Review D 2023年第6期107卷 066017-066017页

作者： Yan Liu Hong-Da Lyu Jun-Kun Zhao Center for Gravitational Physics Department of Space Science and International Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education Beihang University Beijing 100191 China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

We study the conductivities and entanglement structures of two different holographic gapped systems at zero density in the presence of boundaries within AdS/BCFT (anti-de Sitter/boundary conformal field theory). The first gapped system is described by the Einstein-scalar gravity, and the second one is the dual of AdS soliton geometry. We show that in both these two systems the bulk and boundary conductivities along the spatial direction of the boundary of BCFT are trivial. For the first system, when we increase the size of the subsystem the renormalized entanglement entropy is always non-negative and monotonically decreasing with discontinuous, continuous, or smooth behavior, depending on the effective tension of the brane. For the AdS soliton with a boundary, the renormalized entanglement entropy exhibits a discontinuous drop only when we increase the size of the subsystem.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Structural phase transition and its critical dynamics from holography

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Physical Review D 2023年第2期108卷 026017-026017页

作者： Chuan-Yin Xia Hua-Bi Zeng Chiang-Mei Chen Adolfo del Campo Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Department of Physics Center for High Energy and High Field Physics (CHiP) National Central University Chungli 32001 Taiwan Department of Physics and Materials Science University of Luxembourg L-1511 Luxembourg Luxembourg Donostia International Physics Center E-20018 San Sebastián Spain

We introduce a gravitational lattice theory defined in an AdS3 black hole background that provides a holographic dual description of the linear-to-zigzag structural phase transition, characterized by the spontaneous breaking of parity symmetry observed in, e.g., confined Coulomb crystals. The transition from the high-symmetry linear phase to the broken-symmetry doubly degenerate zigzag phase can be driven by quenching the coupling between adjacent sites through the critical point. An analysis of the equilibrium correlation length and relaxation time reveals mean-field critical exponents. We explore the nonequilibrium phase transition dynamics leading to kink formation. The kink density obeys universal scaling laws in the limit of slow quenches, described by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM), and at fast quenches, characterized by a universal breakdown of the KZM.

关键词： Dynamical phase transitions Gauge-gravity dualities Structural phase transition string theory techniques in condensed matter

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From black hole to one-dimensional chain: Parity symmetry breaking and kink formation

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Physical Review D 2023年第10期108卷 106015-106015页

作者： Zhi-Hong Li Han-Qing Shi Hai-Qing Zhang Department of Physics Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 China Center for Gravitational Physics Department of Space Science Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education Beihang University Beijing 100191 China

AdS/CFT correspondence is a “first-principle” tool to study the strongly coupled many-body systems. While it has been extensively applied to investigate the continuous symmetry breaking dynamics, the dynamics of discrete symmetry breaking are rarely investigated. In this paper, the model of kink formation in a strongly coupled one-dimensional chain is realized from the AdS/CFT correspondence. In doing so, we first construct a model of real scalar fields with parity symmetries in the AdS bulk. By quenching the system across the critical point at a finite rate, kink hairs turn out in the bulk due to the spontaneous parity symmetry breaking, which accomplishes a counterexample of “no hair conjecture” of black hole. Due to the AdS/CFT correspondence, kink hairs in the bulk are dual to the kinks in the AdS boundary. The mean of the dual kink numbers are found to satisfy a universal power-law relation to the quench rate, in agreement with the celebrated Kibble-Zurek mechanism. Moreover, the higher cumulants of the kink numbers are proportional to the mean numbers, consistent with the assumption that the formation of kinks satisfy the binomial distributions which goes beyond the Kibble-Zurek mechanism.

关键词： Classical black holes Topological defects string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Convergence of hydrodynamics in a rotating strongly coupled plasma

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Physical Review D 2023年第4期108卷 046014-046014页

作者： Casey Cartwright Markus Garbiso Amano Matthias Kaminski Jorge Noronha Enrico Speranza Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Alabama 514 University Boulevard Tuscaloosa 35487 AL United States Institute for Theoretical Physics Utrecht University Princetonplein 5 Utrecht 3584 CC Netherlands Illinois Center for Advanced Studies of the Universe Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL United States

We compute the radius of convergence of the linearized relativistic hydrodynamic expansion around a nontrivially rotating strongly coupled N=4 super-Yang-Mills plasma. Our results show that the validity of hydrodynamics is sustained and can even get enhanced for conformal field theory (CFT) in a rotating state. Analytic equations for the hydrodynamic dispersion relations and transport coefficients of the rotating plasma as a function of their values in a plasma at rest are given.

关键词： Finite temperature field theory Gauge-gravity dualities Relativistic heavy-ion collisions Transport phenomena Relativistic hydrodynamics string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Critical superflows and thermodynamic instabilities in superfluids

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Physical Review D 2023年第8期108卷 L081903-L081903页

作者： Blaise Goutéraux Filippo Sottovia Eric Mefford CPHT CNRS École polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris 91120 Palaiseau France Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia V8W 3P6 Canada

In this work, we study the linear stability of superfluid phases of matter irrespective of the nature of microscopic degrees of freedom and the strength of interactions between them. Famously, assuming invariance under Galilean boosts and a phonon-roton single-particle dispersion relation, Landau predicted superfluid helium 4 would become unstable for large enough superfluid velocities. Here, we demonstrate that such instabilities generically follow from a change of sign of one of the eigenvalues of the matrix of second derivatives of the free energy. Our only assumption is the existence of static thermodynamic equilibrium, irrespective of any invariance under boosts or microscopic statistics. Turning on dissipation, we show that a linear dynamical instability also develops, leading to exponential growth in time of perturbations around equilibrium. Specializing to Galilean superfluids and assuming the existence of bosonic quasiparticles, our criterion reproduces Landau’s critical velocity for Bose-Einstein condensates. Our criterion also reduces to the well-known maximal supercurrent in weakly coupled superconductors described either by Landau-Ginzburg or Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory. Further, it correctly reproduces the onset of the instability in relativistic, strongly coupled superfluids without quasiparticles at zero as well as finite temperature, which we construct using gauge/gravity duality. As a less trivial application of our criterion, we show that in dirty superfluids the instability manifests itself first in the thermal diffusion mode instead of the superfluid sound mode. Our work provides a simple, comprehensive, and unified description of the large superflow instability of superfluids and superconductors at any temperature independent of the microscopic details of the system and the strength of interactions.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities Superfluidity Strongly correlated systems Superfluids Hydrodynamics string theory techniques in condensed matter

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