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Physical Review D 2021年第12期104卷 126013-126013页

作者： Dmitry S. Ageev Department of Mathematical Methods for Quantum Technologies Steklov Mathematical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Gubkin street 8 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation

In this paper, we bring together two topics in the holographic correspondence—quantum chaos and quark-gluon plasma (QGP). We establish that the first relativistic correction to drag force experienced by a charge carrier moving through a thermal medium (for example, a quark in QGP) at a constant velocity is fixed by the butterfly velocity. Moreover, we show that this result is robust against stringy corrections and anisotropy. For the jet quenching parameter, we find that it is related to the butterfly velocity along the momentum broadening direction and temperature. This opens a way to the reconstruction of butterfly velocity of quark-gluon plasma and other strongly coupled systems experimentally from rather simple observables.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities Quantum chaos Quark-gluon plasma string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Stiff equation of state for a holographic nuclear matter as instanton gas

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Physical Review D 2021年第12期104卷 126002-126002页

作者： Kazuo Ghoroku Kouji Kashiwa Yoshimasa Nakano Motoi Tachibana Fumihiko Toyoda Fukuoka Institute of Technology Wajiro Fukuoka 811-0295 Japan Department of Physics Saga University Saga 840-8502 Japan Faculty of Humanity-Oriented Science and Engineering Kinki University Iizuka 820-8555 Japan

In a holographic model, which was used to investigate the color superconducting phase of QCD, a dilute gas of instantons is introduced to study the nuclear matter. The free energy of the nuclear matter is computed as a function of the baryon chemical potential in the probe approximation. Then the equation of state is obtained at low temperature. Using the equation of state for the nuclear matter, the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov equations for a cold compact star are solved. We find the mass-radius relation of the star, which is similar to the one for the quark star. This similarity implies that the instanton gas given here is a kind of self-bound matter.

关键词： Classical black holes Color confinement Conformal field theory Dualities in field theory Finite temperature field theory Gauge-gravity dualities Higher-dimensional field theories Path integrals Quantum field theory Quantum fields in curved spacetime Quark-gluon plasma string theory techniques in condensed matter strings & branes

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García-García et al. Reply:

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第10期126卷 109102-109102页

作者： Antonio M. García-García Bruno Loureiro Aurelio Romero-Bermúdez Masaki Tezuka Shanghai Center for Complex Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China IdePHICS lab Ecole Fédérale Polytechnique de Lausanne Switzerland Institute Lorentz for Theoretical Physics Leiden University Leiden Netherlands Department of Physics Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan

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Linear-in-T resistivity from semiholographic non-Fermi liquid models

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Physical Review D 2021年第8期104卷 L081901-L081901页

作者： Benoît Douçot Ayan Mukhopadhyay Giuseppe Policastro Sutapa Samanta Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies Sorbonne Université and CNRS UMR 7589 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France Center for Quantum Information Theory of Matter and Spacetime Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS Université PSL Sorbonne Universités Université Pierre et Marie Curie 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France School of Physical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India

We construct a semiholographic effective theory in which the electron of a two-dimensional band hybridizes with a fermionic operator of a critical holographic sector, while also interacting with other bands that preserve quasiparticle characteristics. Besides the scaling dimension ν of the fermionic operator in the holographic sector, the effective theory has two dimensionless couplings α and γ determining the holographic and Fermi-liquid-type contributions to the self-energy respectively. We find that irrespective of the choice of the holographic critical sector, there exists a ratio of the effective couplings for which we obtain linear-in-T resistivity for a wide range of temperatures. This scaling persists to arbitrarily low temperatures when ν approaches unity in which limit we obtain a marginal Fermi liquid with a specific temperature dependence of the self-energy.

关键词： Non-Fermi-liquid theory string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Universal higher-order topology from a five-dimensional Weyl semimetal: Edge topology, edge Hamiltonian, and a nested Wilson loop

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Physical Review B 2020年第24期101卷 245138-245138页

作者： Koji Hashimoto Yoshinori Matsuo Department of Physics Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan

Higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) or multipole insulators, hosting peculiar corner states, were discovered [Benalcazar et al., Science 357, 61 (2017) and Schindler et al., Sci. Adv. 4, eaat0346 (2018)]. It was independently discovered [Hasimoto et al., Phys. Rev. B 95, 165443 (2017)] that continuum five-dimensional (5D) Weyl semimetals generically host the corner states, and so do four-dimensional (4D) class A and three-dimensional (3D) class AIII topological insulators. In this paper we further confirm that the 5D Weyl semimetals, upon dimensional reduction, lead to universal higher-order topology. First we explain a discrete symmetry protecting the 5D Weyl semimetals, and describe dimensional reductions of the 5D Weyl semimetals to the popular HOTIs in the continuum limit. We calculate the topological charge carried by edge states of the 5D Weyl semimetal, for the most generic boundary condition. The topological charge is a Dirac monopole, which can also be seen from that edge Hamiltonians, are always of the form of a 3D Weyl semimetal. This edge topology leads to the edge-of-edge states, or the corner states, generically, suggesting that the 5D Weyl semimetal is thought of as a physical structural origin of corner states in HOTIs. In addition, we explicitly calculate a nested Wilson loop of the 5D Weyl semimetal and find that the topological structure is identical to that of a Wilson loop of a Dirac monopole.

关键词： Edge states Surface states Topological insulators Topological materials Weyl semimetal string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Current Driven Tricritical Point in Large-Nc Gauge theory

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第19期124卷 191603-191603页

作者： Takuya Imaizumi Masataka Matsumoto Shin Nakamura Department of Physics Chuo University Tokyo 112-8551 Japan

We discover a new tricritical point realized only in nonequilibrium steady states, using the AdS/CFT correspondence. Our system is a (3+1)-dimensional strongly coupled large-Nc gauge theory. The tricritical point is associated with a chiral symmetry breaking under the presence of an electric current and a magnetic field. The critical exponents agree with those of the Landau theory of equilibrium phase transitions. This suggests that the presence of a Landau-like phenomenological theory behind our nonequilibrium phase transitions.

关键词： Critical phenomena Gauge-gravity dualities Large-N expansion in field theory Nonequilibrium & irreversible thermodynamics string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Dynamical Phase Transition from Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Dark Solitons

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第3期124卷 031601-031601页

作者： Minyong Guo Esko Keski-Vakkuri Hong Liu Yu Tian Hongbao Zhang Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Waterloo Ontario N2L 2Y5 Canada Center for High Energy Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Helsinki Institute of Physics and Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki FIN 00014 Finland Center for Theoretical Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Theoretische Natuurkunde Vrije Universiteit Brussel and The International Solvay Institutes Pleinlaan 2 B-1050 Brussels Belgium

By holographic duality, we identify a novel dynamical phase transition which results from the temperature dependence of nonequilibrium dynamics of dark solitons in a superfluid. For a nonequilibrium superfluid system with an initial density of dark solitons, there exists a critical temperature Td, above which the system relaxes to equilibrium by producing sound waves, while below which it goes through an intermediate phase with a finite density of vortex-antivortex pairs. In particular, as Td is approached from below, the density of vortex pairs scales as (Td−T)γ with the critical exponent γ=1/2.

关键词： Gauge-gravity dualities string theory techniques in condensed matter Superfluidity Vortices in superfluids Solitons

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Energy Reflection and Transmission at 2D Holographic Interfaces

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第23期125卷 231602-231602页

作者： Constantin Bachas Shira Chapman Dongsheng Ge Giuseppe Policastro Laboratoire de Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure CNRS PSL Research University and Sorbonne Universités 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France Institute for Theoretical Physics University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Postbus 94485 1090 GL Amsterdam The Netherlands Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA

Scattering from conformal interfaces in two dimensions is universal in that the flux of reflected and transmitted energy does not depend on the details of the initial state. In this Letter, we present the first gravitational calculation of energy reflection and transmission coefficients for interfaces with thin-brane holographic duals. Our result for the reflection coefficient depends monotonically on the tension of the dual string anchored at the interface and obeys the lower bound recently derived from the averaged-null-energy condition in conformal field theory. The boundary-conformal-field-theory limit is recovered for infinite ratio of the central charges.

关键词： Conformal field theory string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Escape from black hole analogs in materials: Type-II Weyl semimetals and generic edge states

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Physical Review B 2020年第19期102卷 195128-195128页

作者： Koji Hashimoto Yoshinori Matsuo Department of Physics Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan

Type-II Weyl semimetals are dictated by bulk excitations with tilted light cones, resembling the inside of black holes. We obtain generic boundary conditions for surface boundaries of the type-II Weyl semimetals near Weyl nodes, and show that for a certain boundary condition edge states can escape out of the “black hole” event horizon. This means that for realization of the material “black hole” by the type-II Weyl semimetals, a careful choice of the boundary condition is necessary.

关键词： Classical black holes Edge states Surface states Topological materials Weyl semimetal string theory techniques in condensed matter

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Normal Charge Densities in Quantum Critical Superfluids

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第16期124卷 161604-161604页

作者： Blaise Goutéraux Eric Mefford CPHT CNRS École Polytechnique IP Paris F-91128 Palaiseau France

The normal density of a translation-invariant superfluid often vanishes at zero temperature, as is observed in superfluid Helium and conventional superconductors described by BCS theory. Here we show that this need not be the case. We investigate the normal density in models of quantum critical superfluids using gauge-gravity duality. Models with an emergent infrared Lorentz symmetry lead to a vanishing normal density. On the other hand, models which break the isotropy between time and space may enjoy a nonvanishing normal density, depending on the spectrum of irrelevant deformations around the underlying quantum critical ground state. Our results may shed light on recent measurements of the superfluid density and low energy spectral weight in superconducting overdoped cuprates.

关键词： string theory techniques in condensed matter Superfluid density Superfluidity High-temperature superconductors Superfluids Unconventional superconductors Hydrodynamics Relativistic hydrodynamics

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