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On the separability of urban land-use categories in fine spatial scale land-cover data using structural pattern recognition

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ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-PLANNING & DESIGN 2004年第3期31卷 397-418页

作者： Barr, SL Barnsley, MJ Steel, A Univ Leeds Sch Geog Leeds LS2 9JT W Yorkshire England Univ Coll Swansea Dept Geog Swansea SA2 8PP W Glam Wales

It has been widely asserted that the morphology of urban areas is a result of the interactions of urban function and urban form. This has led a number of studies to postulate, either explicitly or implicitly, that a mapping exists between the physical form (land cover) of the urban fabric and its corresponding function and activity (land use), although relatively little quantitative evidence has been presented to support this assertion. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the relationship between urban form and urban function using fine spatial scale digital map data. These are used to derive quantitative information on the morphological properties and spatial structure of the buildings present in a series of urban land-use categories identified in two urban areas (Cardiff and Orpington) in the United Kingdom. A statistical separability analysis of these land-use samples suggests that a mapping exists between urban form and function, which, if replicated for other urban areas, would allow urban land use to be inferred from an analysis of the spatial disposition of land-cover parcels, particularly buildings.

关键词： spatial scale structural pattern recognition urban area urban forms CONSTRUCTION IN SPACE Buildings

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New techniques and technologies for information retrieval and knowledge extraction from nuclear fusion massive databases

New techniques and technologies for information retrieval an...

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IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing

作者： Murari, A. Vega, J. Alonso, J. A. De La Luna, E. Farthing, J. Hidalgo, C. Ratt, G. A. Svensson, J. Vagliasindi, G. EURATOM ENEA Fus Consorzio RFX I-35127 Padua Italy CIEMAT Assoc EURATOM CIEMA4Tpara Fusion Madrid Spain Culham Sci Ctr EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc Abingdon Oxon England Teilinstitut Greifswald EURATOM Assoc D-17491 Greifswald Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424408290

Reactor relevant experiments for Magnetic Confinement Fusion, like JET, produce already tens of GBytes of data per shot and the next step device, ITER. is expected to require orders of magnitude more. Managing such vast quantities of data in an efficient way needs new techniques, ranging from signal storage and information retrieval to data analysis for physical interpretation. At JET significant efforts are being devoted to all the main issues. Lossless data compression is under development for both mono and bi-dimensional signals, together with new techniques and technologies for image processing (directional wavelets and Cellular Non-linear Networks). structural pattern recognition has shown great potential for information retrieval. Statistical methods, like Bayesian inference and regression trees, are being systematically investigated, to extract the required knowledge from all the available measurements. Other Soft Computing techniques, like Fuzzy Logic and Artificial Neural Networks, are very powerful tools to handle the great complexity and uncertainties of present day and near Wore experiments.

关键词： Bayesian statistics CART data compression fuzzy logic real time structural pattern recognition

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On the ternary spatial relation "between"

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS 2006年第2期36卷 312-327页

作者： Bloch, Isabelle Colliot, Olivier Cesar, Roberto M., Jr. Ecole Natl Super Telecommun Bretagne CNRS Signal & Image Proc Dept UMR 5141 F-75634 Paris 13 France McGill Univ Montreal Neurol Inst McConnell Brain Imaging Ctr Montreal PQ H3A 2B4 Canada Univ Sao Paulo IME Inst Math & Stat Dept Comp Sci BR-05508090 Sao Paulo Brazil

The spatial relation "between" is a notion which is intrinsically both fuzzy and contextual, and depends, in particular, on the shape of the objects. The literature is quite poor on this and the few existing definitions do not take into account these aspects. In particular, an object B that is in a concavity of an object A(1) not visible from an object A(2) is considered between A(1) and A(2) for most definitions, which is counter intuitive. Also, none of the definitions deal with cases where one object is much more elongated than the other. Here, we propose definitions which are based on convexity, morphological operators, and separation tools, and a fuzzy notion of visibility. They correspond to the main intuitive exceptions of the relation. We distinguish between cases where objects have similar spatial extensions and cases where one object is much more extended than the other. Extensions to cases where objects, themselves, are fuzzy and to three-dimensional space are proposed as well. The original work proposed in this paper covers the main classes of situations and overcomes the limits of existing approaches, particularly concerning nonvisible concavities and extended objects. Moreover, the definitions capture the intrinsic imprecision attached to this relation. The main proposed definitions are illustrated on real data from medical images.

关键词： convex hull fuzzy and three-dimensional (3-D) objects mathematical morphology relationship "between" spatial reasoning structural pattern recognition visibility

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Saliency and semantic processing: Extracting forest cover from historical topographic maps

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pattern recognition 2006年第5期39卷 953-968页

作者： Leyk, S Boesch, R Weibel, R Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL Dept Landscape Inventory CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich Dept Geog CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland

A multi-step recognition process is developed for extracting compound forest cover information from manually produced scanned historical topographic maps of the 19th century. This information is a unique data source for GIS-based land cover change modeling. Based on salient features in the image the steps to be carried out are character recognition, line detection and structural analysis of forest symbols. Semantic expansion implying the meanings of objects is applied for final forest cover extraction. The procedure resulted in high accuracies of 94% indicating a potential for automatic and robust extraction of forest cover from larger areas. (c) 2005 pattern recognition Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： historical topographic maps cartography GIS character recognition line detection structural pattern recognition semantic processing saliency

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A binary linear programming formulation of the graph edit distance

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON pattern ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 2006年第8期28卷 1200-1214页

作者： Justice, Derek Hero, Alfred Univ Michigan Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

A binary linear programming formulation of the graph edit distance for unweighted, undirected graphs with vertex attributes is derived and applied to a graph recognition problem. A general formulation for editing graphs is used to derive a graph edit distance that is proven to be a metric, provided the cost function for individual edit operations is a metric. Then, a binary linear program is developed for computing this graph edit distance, and polynomial time methods for determining upper and lower bounds on the solution of the binary program are derived by applying solution methods for standard linear programming and the assignment problem. A recognition problem of comparing a sample input graph to a database of known prototype graphs in the context of a chemical information system is presented as an application of the new method. The costs associated with various edit operations are chosen by using a minimum normalized variance criterion applied to pairwise distances between nearest neighbors in the database of prototypes. The new metric is shown to perform quite well in comparison to existing metrics when applied to a database of chemical graphs.

关键词： graph algorithms similarity measures structural pattern recognition graphs and networks linear programming continuation (homotopy) methods

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structural pattern recognition using genetic algorithms

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pattern recognition 2002年第9期35卷 1883-1893页

作者： Suganthan, PN Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

This paper presents a genetic algorithm (GA) based optimization procedure for the solution of structural pattern recognition problem using the attributed relational graph representation and matching technique. In this study, candidate solutions are represented by integer strings and the population is randomly initialized. The GA is employed to generate a monomorphic mapping. As all the mapping constraints are not enforced during the search phase in order to speedup the search, an efficient pose clustering algorithm is used to eliminate spurious matches and to determine the presence of the model in the scene. The performance of the proposed approach to pattern recognition by subgraph isomorphism is demonstrated using line patterns and silhouette images. (C) 2002 pattern recognition Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： structural pattern recognition attributed relational graph matching subgraph isomorphism genetic algorithms shape recognition

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Probabilistic finite-state machines - Part II

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON pattern ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 2005年第7期27卷 1026-1039页

作者： Vidal, E Thollard, F de la Higuera, C Casacuberta, F Carrasco, RC Univ Politecn Valencia Dept Sistemas Informat & Computac E-46071 Valencia Spain Univ Politecn Valencia Inst Informat Technol E-46071 Valencia Spain EURISE Fac Sci & Tech FR-42023 St Etienne France Univ Alicante Dept Lenguajes & Sistemas Informat E-03071 Alicante Spain

Probabilistic finite- state machines are used today in a variety of areas in pattern recognition or in fields to which pattern recognition is linked. In Part I of this paper, we surveyed these objects and studied their properties. In this Part II, we study the relations between probabilistic finite- state automata and other well- known devices that generate strings like hidden Markov models and n- grams and provide theorems, algorithms, and properties that represent a current state of the art of these objects.

关键词： automata classes defined by grammars or automata machine learning language acquisition language models language parsing and understanding machine translation speech recognition and synthesis structural pattern recognition syntactic pattern recognition

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Probabilistic finite-state machines - Part I

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON pattern ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 2005年第7期27卷 1013-1025页

Probabilistic finite- state machines are used today in a variety of areas in pattern recognition, or in fields to which pattern recognition is linked: computational linguistics, machine learning, time series analysis, circuit testing, computational biology, speech recognition, and machine translation are some of them. In Part I of this paper, we survey these generative objects and study their definitions and properties. In Part II, we will study the relation of probabilistic finite- state automata with other well- known devices that generate strings as hidden Markov models and n- grams and provide theorems, algorithms, and properties that represent a current state of the art of these objects.

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Fuzzy spatial relationships for image processing and interpretation: a review

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IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING 2005年第2期23卷 89-110页

作者： Bloch, I LTCI CNRS UMR 5141 Ecole Natl Super TelecommunDept TSI F-75013 Paris France

In spatial reasoning, relationships between spatial entities play a major role. In image interpretation, computer vision and structural recognition, the management of imperfect information and of imprecision constitutes a key point. This calls for the framework of fuzzy sets, which exhibits nice features to represent spatial imprecision at different levels, imprecision in knowledge and knowledge representation, and which provides powerful tools for fusion, decision-making and reasoning. In this paper, we review the main fuzzy approaches for defining spatial relationships including topological (set relationships, adjacency) and metrical relations (distances, directional relative position). (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： fuzzy spatial relationships degree of intersection degree of inclusion degree of adjacency distances directional relative position structural pattern recognition image interpretation spatial reasoning

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Fuzzy spatial relationships for image processing and interpretation: a review

Fuzzy spatial relationships for image processing and interpr...

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11th International Conference on Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery

作者： Bloch, I LTCI CNRS UMR 5141 Ecole Natl Super TelecommunDept TSI F-75013 Paris France

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