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structure optimization for downlead cable of 110-kV insulated optical-unit phase conductor

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 2025年第2期107卷 1829-1844页

作者： Liu, Xinzhan Mei, Xiaobin Luo, Yuping Lin, Yang Lin, Shenghong Yang, Ling Guo, Deming Liu, Gang South China Univ Technol Sch Elect Power Engn Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Peoples R China China Southern Power Grid Ltd Guangdong Prov Power Dispatching & Control Ctr Guangzhou 510600 Guangdong Peoples R China Guangdong Elect Power Commun Technol CO Ltd Safety Prod Dept Guangzhou 510062 Peoples R China

Currently, fiber optic communication has become the primary means of communication within China's telecommunications network. Both domestic and international scholars have conducted extensive research on various types of optical cables, achieving significant results. However, to date, there has been no research, either domestically or internationally, addressing the discharge issues associated with the insulated optical-unit phase conductor (IOPPC) in 110-kV transmission lines. In the course of promoting the use of 110-kV lines, there was an incident in Guangdong Province, China, involving the fracture of an IOPPC downlead cable. This paper proposes a modified structure for the IOPPC downlead cable to address the aforementioned fracture incident. First, the finite element method is utilized to calculate the electric field intensity of both the traditional and modified IOPPC downlead cable structures under a voltage of 110-kV. Preliminary verification of the effectiveness of the modified structure is then conducted. Subsequently, the proposed modified structure is verified and further optimized through power frequency withstand voltage tests. Simulation results indicate that the traditional structure exhibits a high electric field intensity in the air region near the PVC cube. In contrast, the addition of a semiconductor shielding layer in the modified structure effectively suppresses the increase in electric field intensity in this area. Power frequency withstand voltage test results further confirm the effectiveness of the semiconductor shielding layer in suppressing the electric field intensity. However, it was observed that discharge phenomena still occurred at the cutoff point of the semiconductor shielding layer. Finally, the modified structure is optimized to effectively eliminate the discharge phenomena at the cutoff point of the semiconductor shielding layer.

关键词： Discharge Downlead cable Insulated optical-unit phase conductor (IOPPC) Numerical calculation structure optimization

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structure optimization for the discharge arm of the self-propelled forage harvester based on CFD-DEM

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POWDER TECHNOLOGY 2025年 449卷

作者： Liu, Lei Li, Xiaoyu Du, Yuefeng Li, Guorun Wang, Yucong Chen, Du Zhu, Zhongxiang Song, Zhenghe China Agr Univ Coll Engn Beijing Peoples R China

To optimize the structure of the discharge arm of the self-propelled harvester and improve the harvesting efficiency to reduce the loss, we first established a mathematical model of the gas-solid two-phase of the forage in the unloading process. Next, we revealed the flow characteristics of forage and the influence of key structures of the discharge arm using the CFD-DEM. Then, we optimized the key structural parameters of the discharge arm using the orthogonal test and response surface method. Finally, we carried out the simulation and field experiment on the forage conveying performance of the discharge arm. The experimental results show that the maximum conveying distance of the new discharge arm is more than 27 m, significantly reducing the spraying loss and improving the harvesting efficiency. Our research findings provide a new reference for optimizing the agricultural material conveying machines and exploring the movement characteristics of agricultural materials in different pipelines.

关键词： CFD-DEM Forage harvester structure optimization Response surface method

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structure optimization of U-tube solar collector integrated with phase change materials

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APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING 2025年 260卷

作者： Wang, Xueyang Li, Dong Meng, Fanbin Wu, Yangyang Yang, Ruitong Gao, Meng Liu, Changyu Northeast Petr Univ Heilongjiang Prov Key Lab Thermal Utilizat & Disas Daqing 163318 Peoples R China Northeast Petr Univ Sch Architecture & Civil Engn Daqing 163318 Peoples R China Northeast Petr Univ Int Joint Lab Low Carbon & New Energy Nexus Daqing 163318 Peoples R China

Solar collectors are significantly influenced by weather conditions, leading to a mismatch between thermal energy production and demand. To mitigate this issue, U-tube solar collectors integrated with phase change material (PCM) were investigated to store excess solar energy and regulate the temperature of collectors. This study investigates the effects of fin spacing and fin length on the heat transfer performance of these collectors under various conditions. Additionally, the impact of different collector tube lengths was analyzed. The results show that adding fins in solar collectors enhances temperature distribution uniformity and accelerates the PCM melting process. And the addition of fins to the U-tube produces faster temperature increase and significant improvement of temperature uniformity. In configurations featuring with fin length 20 mm and fin spacing 30 mm, the average PCM temperature decreased by 9.4 % and the liquid fraction decreased by 10.2 %, compared with non-finned. Smaller fin spacing or longer fins can improve heat transfer efficiency, and reduce PCM temperatures and liquid fractions. The 2L configuration exhibited optimal performance with an average PCM temperature of 330 K and a liquid fraction of 0.60 and achieved a significant reduction in time to reach 318 K by 47.9 % when compared to the L configuration.

关键词： U-tube solar collector Phase change material Solar thermal utilization Fins structure optimization

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Study on damage initiation mechanism of rubber/cord composites and the structure optimization

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MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND structureS 2025年

作者： Wang, Congwen Tian, Yuxin Zhao, Chong Liu, Fei Dai, Yujing Xiao, Chi Huan, Yong Chinese Acad Sci Inst Mech State Key Lab Nonlinear Mech LNM Beijing Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Engn Sci Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Sch Aerosp & Engn Beijing Peoples R China

In this paper, a novel experimental equipment was developed to conduct stretch bending and compression bending load on rubber/cord composites, and its damage mechanism was studied. Macroscopic analysis revealed that the application of compression bending loads significantly accelerates the degradation of bending stiffness in the specimens. Microscopic characterization demonstrated the formation of numerous micro gaps between fibers during cyclic loading, with their population density being markedly increased under compression bending conditions. Through finite element analysis at the microscopic scale, these micro gaps were identified as stress-induced defects resulting from plastic strain accumulation in cord fibers. These defects, termed as "acquired defects", were found to exacerbate the stress state within the micro structure, serving as the primary initiation sites for composite damage. Based on the study of the damage initiation mechanism, a quantitative methodology was established to correlate fiber plastic strains with the dimensions of these acquired defects, enabling the prediction of defect size and their impact on the composite's stress state. This approach provides valuable insights for micro structure optimization and material performance enhancement in rubber/cord composite systems.

关键词： Rubber composites experimental mechanics finite element analysis damage initiation structure optimization

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structure optimization of UiO-66 supported metal nanoclusters based on high-dimensional neural network

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SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2025年 56卷

作者： Fan, Tian-E Li, Han-Yu Zhang, Yan-Ru Yang, Ping-An Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Coll Automat Chongqing 400065 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Chongqing Key Lab Complex Syst & Autonomous Contro Chongqing 400065 Peoples R China

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) supported metal nanoclusters (MNCs) have attracted great interest in the field of catalysts because of their high catalytic activity, excellent thermal stability and high surface area. The stable geometric structure of MNCs@MOFs materials determines their catalytic performance, therefore, to predict the stable structure of MNCs@MOFs materials is necessary for understanding their catalytic properties. In this paper, the stable structures, the thermodynamic stability and electronic properties of MNCs on UiO-66 are investigated by using high dimensional neural network potential (HDNNP) and density functional theory (DFT). Moreover, an active learning strategy is combined with HDNNP in screening optimal structures of MNCs@MOFs nanocomposites. The accuracy of HDNNP combined with active learning strategy is verified by comparing the prediction results with DFT calculation. The results show that large MNCs change slightly in the UiO-66 pores due to their strong metal bonds inside, while small MNCs tend to form M-C bonds with organic linkers for maintaining thermodynamic stability near the support sites. In addition, increasing the interaction between metal clusters and organic connectors is help for the synthesis of small metal clusters encapsulated in UiO-66, which is important to understand the electronic properties and formation mechanism of MNCs@MOFs composites.

关键词： Metal nanoclusters Metal organic frameworks structure optimization High dimensional neural networks

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The Influence of Input Parameters on the Result of Concrete structure optimization - Sensitivity Analysis 4th

The Influence of Input Parameters on the Result of Concrete ...

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4th FIB International Conference on Concrete Sustainability

作者： Horakova, Anna Kohoutkova, Alena Broukalova, Iva Czech Tech Univ Dept Concrete & Masonry Struct Fac Civil Engn Thakurova 2077-7 Prague 16629 6 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806742;9783031806728;9783031806711

The paper deals with the optimization of concrete structure in terms of environmental impacts, durability, and cost. The issue of environmental impacts has been increasingly discussed in recent years, and demands are placed on the construction industry to reduce the negative effects on the environment. The software tool was developed within previous work and enables multi-criteria optimization of the reinforced concrete slab. As part of the optimization process, several environmental impacts are considered, for example global warming, acidification and eutrophication of the environment or the raw materials depletion. The software tool allows the user to set the weights of particular environmental impacts. Furthermore, the user can decide whether to include the impact of materials transport in the optimization process. This article focuses on the analysis of the influence of these user-defined parameters on the result of the optimization process. A sensitivity analysis is performed in this study and the dependence of the result on the user-defined parameters is evaluated. Based on the obtained results, recommendations for further research are made.

关键词： Reinforced Concrete structures Environmental Impacts Durability structure optimization Sensitivity Analysis

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Design and structure optimization of a new type drying material room based on the analysis of velocity uniformity and temperature distributions using CFD

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JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2025年第5期39卷 2917-2928页

作者： Wang, Dong Tan, Libin Yuan, Yuejin Liu, Rui Shaanxi Univ Sci & Technol Coll Mech & Elect Engn Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China Shaanxi Res Inst Agr Prod Proc Technol Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Sci & Engn Coll Mech Engn Yibin Sichuan Peoples R China

The hot-air drying material room are widely used in all industries, especially in the farming industry. While, the airflow field maldistribution and uneven temperature distributions are two major issues needed to be addressed. Therefore, a new type drying material room based on the analysis of velocity uniformity and temperature distributions is conducted. In original structure of the drying material room, problem of poor airflow velocity uniformity in the upper and lower spaces of the drying material room in the Y direction is existed. For improving the airflow uniformity and solving the above problem, the influence of air guide cover at airflow inlet and spoiler fan on airflow velocity distribution and temperature distributions are analyzed. After comparative analysis, the final optimized drying material room design is the combination design of air guide cover diffusion angle 25 degrees, air guide cover length 150 mm, spoiler fan with installation height 1415 mm and fan operation pressure 100 Pa. After optimization, the fluctuation of airflow velocity in the air inlet area is reduced, the airflow velocity uniformity and drying material temperature field uniformity are improved, the average airflow velocity of the upper and rear spaces in drying material room has significantly increased. The new designed drying material room can ensure the drying material are evenly dried and obtain the final product with good drying quality. Research results can give a theoretical reference for the designers to design and optimize the large-scale integrated hot-air drying material room.

关键词： Drying material room Air guide cover Spoiler fan structure optimization Velocity uniformity Temperature distributions

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Anti-wear and anti-cavitation structure optimization of V-type regulating ball valve in the coal chemical industry

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FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION 2025年 101卷

作者： Zhang, Weizheng Huang, Wenbin Lin, Hua Lanzhou Univ Technol Sch Petrochem Engn Lanzhou 730050 Peoples R China Chart Cryogen Engn Syst Changzhou Co Ltd Changzhou 213032 Peoples R China

Aiming at the erosion wear-cavitation phenomenon of the V-type regulating ball valves in the coal chemical industry during the transportation of black water medium, which leads to sealing failures and induces flowinduced vibration issues. It is proposed to add diffusion baffles inside the sphere to transfer the erosion, while the rear valve seat adopts staggered diffusion holes to reduce the throttling cavitation effect, and the optimization scheme is verified through numerical simulations and experimental testing. The research indicates that the optimization model can cause the local jet at the throttling section to diffuse and decelerate, weakening the formation of high-speed jet flow within the sphere's flow channel. Additionally, the optimization model transfers the erosion in the sphere's upstream area to the baffle, and reduces the kinetic energy of particle collisions through the baffle's diffusion effect, thereby reducing the erosion wear on the rear valve seat and the valve sealing pair. Through quantitative analysis, the average wear rate of the optimization model's components is 30 % of the original model. Additionally, the optimization model effectively suppresses the vapor-liquid phase change within the valve, thereby weakening the flow cavitation phenomenon in the valve, and the vapor volume fraction and cavitation distribution range in the fluid domain are significantly reduced. Furthermore, the pressure pulsation coefficient in the fluid domain of the optimization model significantly decreases and exhibits periodic fluctuations, with reduced amplitude and frequency range of large-amplitude pressure pulsations, which helps to avoid the flow-induced resonance phenomenon between the valve and the liquid flow system. Experimental verification shows that the quality loss and erosion rate of the optimization model are both lower than the original model, indicating that the optimization scheme can reduce wear and suppress cavitation, thereby prolonging the

关键词： V -type regulating ball valve Erosive wear Cavitation erosion Flow-induced vibration structure optimization

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Preparation of W-Cu composite with Cu-network structure via W-coated Cu powder structure optimization

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T 2025年 36卷 4719-4725页

作者： Yao, Gang Shen, Xu Wang, Cai-Yan Ding, Xi-Peng Luo, Lai-Ma Liu, Jia-Qin Zan, Xiang Wu, Yu-Cheng Inner Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Baotou 014010 Peoples R China Hefei Univ Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Hefei 230009 Peoples R China Minist Educ Engn Res Ctr High Performance Copper Alloy Mat & P Hefei 230009 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Plasma Phys Hefei 230031 Peoples R China Anhui Prov Key Lab Special Welding Technol Huainan 232000 Peoples R China Natl Local Joint Engn Res Ctr Nonferrous Met & Pro Hefei 230009 Peoples R China Res Ctr Powder Met Engn & Technol Anhui Prov Hefei 230009 Peoples R China

This paper investigates the influence of the microstructure of W-Cu composite powders on the sintering behavior of W-Cu composite materials. Various doping methods were used to prepare W-Cu composite powders, which were subsequently sintered to produce the corresponding materials. The study indicates that employing solidliquid doping, specifically adding tungsten oxide as the W source and copper nitrate as the Cu source, results in ultrafine W-Cu composite powders with a W-coated Cu structure. The sintered material derived from these composite powders exhibits a microstructure where Cu uniformly encapsulates the W particles. The resulting material achieves a density of up to 98.97 % and a microhardness of 304.04 Hv0.2. These findings provide significant insights that can inform the development of W-Cu composite materials for high-power electronic device encapsulation.

关键词： W -coated Cu powder Cu-network structure Wet chemical method structure optimization

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Investigation on heat transfer mechanism simulation and structure optimization design of hydraulic turbine bearing semi-ring cooler

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Heliyon 2025年第3期11卷 e42328页

作者： Wang, Yongfei Cai, Yinhui Zhang, Jian Chen, Zhenyu Li, Chenhao Sun, Weipeng CHN Energy Dadu River Repair & Installation Co. Ltd. Leshan 614900 China State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region Xi'an University of Technology Xi'an 710048 China

Bearing is an important support to carry radial force and axial force, when hydro generator set is running, a large amount of heat produced by the rotor shaft and bearing touching will yield oil mist and jeopardize equipment health. The cooler can take away the heat in time, therefore, improving the cooler's efficiency is of great significance. In this paper, the internal structure of a turbine water guide-bearing semi-ring cooler at a hydro plant is optimized and numerical calculation is carried out to study heat transfer performance under three operating conditions. The results show that, the proposed spiral twisted flat tube cooler effectively reduces the risk of heat exchange tube blockage and significantly improves cooler heat exchange efficiency. Compared to prototype cooler, heat transfer power for the optimized cooler with spiral twisted flat tube increases by 43.8%, 62.2%, and 73.8%, respectively. Optimizing spacer plate positions at the cooler's inlet and outlet further enhances heat transfer power by 47.2%, 52.4%, and 56.4%, respectively. The pressure, velocity, and other parameters of cooler are also improved after both types of optimization compared to the prototype. The findings provide a reference for improving the thermal performance of guide bearings. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Bearing cooler Heat transfer Numerical simulation Spiral twisted flat tube structure optimization

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