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Fundamentals of reversible flowchart languages

THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2016年 611卷 87-115页

作者： Yokoyama, Tetsuo Axelsen, Holger Bock Gluck, Robert Nanzan Univ Dept Software Engn Seirei Cho 27 Seto City Aichi 4890863 Japan Univ Copenhagen Dept Comp Sci DIKU DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark

This paper presents the fundamentals of reversible flowcharts. Reversible flowcharts are intended to naturally represent the structure and control flow of reversible (imperative) programming languages in a simple computation model in the same way classical flowcharts do for conventional languages. Although reversible flowcharts are superficially similar to classical flowcharts, there are crucial differences: atomic steps are limited to locally invertible operations, and join points require an explicit orthogonalizing conditional expression. Despite these constraints, we show that reversible flowcharts are both expressive and robust: reversible flowcharts can simulate irreversible ones by adapting reversibilization techniques to the flowchart model. Thus, reversible flowcharts are r-Turing-complete, meaning that they can compute exactly all injective computable functions. Furthermore, structured reversible flowcharts are as expressive as unstructured ones, as shown by a reversible version of the classic structured program theorem. We illustrate how reversible flowcharts can be concretized with two example programming languages, complete with syntax and semantics: a low-level unstructured language and a high-level structured language. We introduce concrete tools such as program inverters and translators for both languages, which follow the structure suggested by the flowchart model. To further illustrate the different concepts and tools brought together in this paper, we present two major worked examples: a reversible permutation-to-code algorithm attributed to Dijkstra, and a simulation scheme for reversible Turing machines. By exhibiting a wide range of uses, we hope that the proposed reversible flowcharts can serve as a springboard for further theoretical research in reversible computing. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Flowchart Reversible computing program inversion structured programming structured program theorem r-Turing-completeness

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