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Adaptive subcarrier intensity modulation for free space optical communication

OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2022年第6期61卷 066105-066105页

作者： Ferraro, Mike S. Mahon, Rita Rabinovich, William S. Coffee, Andrew G. Murphy, James L. Dexter, James L. Freeman, Wade T. US Naval Res Lab Washington DC 20375 USA Jacobs Corp Hanover MD USA Smart Log Inc Vienna VA USA

Increased capacity demands and radio frequency (RF) congestion impacts on current communication networks have brought greater attention to free-space optical (FSO) communication as a viable augmentation technology for terrestrial, aerial, and space-based communication infrastructure. As a complementary alternative to RF communication systems, FSO can support high link bandwidths and provide high data security without RF spectral constraints. The performance of FSO links, however, can be significantly impacted by receive power variation caused by propagation and scattering losses along with losses due to atmospheric turbulence. Depending on the FSO application, these loss mechanisms can dynamically change, impacting link performance at different time scales. We investigate subcarrier phase-shift keying (PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) intensity modulation that can be adapted to dynamically changing link conditions to optimize bandwidth utilization. Using custom subcarrier intensity modulation (SIM) modems, the performance of binary PSK (BPSK), QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK, and 16-QAM waveforms is reported. The impact of adaptive equalization is also characterized, and the initial performance of a subcarrier multiplexed system is presented. This work represents the first experimental evaluation of SIM waveforms using a laboratory scintillation playback system based on scintillation recorded over real-world propagation paths. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

关键词： free-space optical communication subcarrier intensity modulation optical scintillation

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Error performance of optical wireless communication systems exercising BPSK subcarrier intensity modulation in non-Kolmogorov turbulent atmosphere

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OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS 2019年 436卷 108-112页

作者： Ata, Yalcin Baykal, Yahya Gokce, Muhsin Caner TUBITAK Def Ind Res & Dev Inst TUBITAK SAGE PK 16 TR-06261 Ankara Turkey Cankaya Univ Dept Elect Elect Engn Mimar Sinan Cad 4 TR-06790 Ankara Turkey Cankaya Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Mimar Sinan Cad 4 TR-06790 Ankara Turkey

subcarrier intensity modulation (SIM) scheme is preferred due to efficient bandwidth usage superiority over other modulation techniques such as on-off keying (OOK), pulse position modulation (PPM). In this paper, we investigate the bit error rate (BER) performance of optical wireless communication (OWC) system using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) SIM in non-Kolmogorov turbulent atmosphere. We pay attention to the weak turbulence conditions by using Rytov approximation and considering that the receiver is a PIN photodetector. Propagating beam type is Gaussian. It is seen that BER performance of the BPSK SIM OWC is significantly affected from non-Kolmogorov power law exponent, load resistor, responsivity of the PIN photodetector, bandwidth, beam source size, turbulence strength and noise factor.

关键词： Optical wireless communication Atmospheric turbulence subcarrier intensity modulation Bit error rate

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Performance of multiple-input multiple-output free space optics using hybrid subcarrier intensity modulation with avalanche photodiode receiver

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION NETWORKS AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 2019年第4期22卷 468-485页

作者： Giri, Rajat Kumar Patnaik, Bijayananda Int Inst Informat Technol ETC Engn Bhubaneswar 751003 Orissa India Int Inst Informat Technol Dept ETC Engn Bhubaneswar 751003 Orissa India

In order to improve the performance of a free space optical (FSO) communication system, hybrid pulse position modulation-binary phase shift keying-subcarrier intensity modulation (PPM-BPSK-SIM) technique is proposed. The system performance is further improved by using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration and avalanche photodiode (APD) receiver. The use of multiple lasers and photo detectors in MIMO FSO system reduces the scintillation effect in the atmosphere. In this study, the impact of different parameters like irradiance, link distance, and turbulence level have been considered for the bit error rate (BER) analysis. The relevant mathematical model is also presented. The simulation results show that the hybrid PPM-BPSK-SIM scheme performs better compared to PPM and BPSK-SIM schemes. Also, APD receiver shows a noticeable BER improvement than p-type intrinsic n-type (PIN) receiver in our proposed scheme.

关键词： Free space optics FSO subcarrier intensity modulation SIM scintillation pulse position modulation PPM multiple-input multiple-output MIMO equal gain combining EGC avalanche photodiode APD

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Performance of subcarrier intensity modulation over an Imprecise Gamma-Gamma Channel 26

Performance of Subcarrier Intensity Modulation over an Impre...

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26th IEEE Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU)

作者： Ibrahim, Abdulgani Erdogan, Eylem Gucluoglu, Tansal Yildiz Tech Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Medeniyet Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781538615010

Free-space optical (FSO) Communication is a technology that promises several advantages over the conventional radio-frequency (RF) wireless communication, including high data rates and lack of licensing. However, the performance of an FSO communication system can be deteriorated by the atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, we are investigating the average bit error rate of a subcarrier intensity modulation based on phase shift keying (PSK) over an imprecise Gamma-Gamma fading FSO link.

关键词： Free-space optical Gamma-Gamma turbulence Imprecise channel subcarrier intensity modulation Bit error rate

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MIMO FSO communication using subcarrier intensity modulation over double generalized gamma fading

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OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第0期382卷 64-72页

作者： Yi, Xiang Yao, Mingwu Wang, Xiaoyang Xidian Univ Sch Telecommun Engn State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Peoples R China

Atmospheric turbulence-induced fading is known to have a serious detrimental effect on the performance of free-space optical (FSO) communication. The involvement of multiple lasers and photo detectors in FSO systems offers an effective way to overcome fading. Very recently, a new generic fading model, called double-generalized gamma (double GG), is developed for accurately describing irradiance fading over a wide range of turbulence conditions. Therefore, for a general and exact study of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) FSO system, the double GG fading model is adopted in this paper. We investigate the MIMO FSO systems using subcarrier intensity modulation. Two typical transmit diversity schemes, repetition code (RC) and orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC), are considered. We first propose a new power series expression for the probability density function of the double GG fading. Then we derive the average error rate expressions for both schemes in terms of double power series. The truncated forms of the derived power series enable the rapid and accurate numerical computation of the error rates. Furthermore, we present the asymptotic error rate analyses at high electrical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for both schemes. Closed-form diversity order and coding gain for both schemes are also obtained. Our numerical results, verified by simulation, confirm that RC outperforms OSTBC for MIMO FSO systems with subcarrier intensity modulation in double GG fading. The asymptotic coding gain of the RC scheme over the OSTBC scheme is analytically quantified for varying degrees of the fading strength. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Double generalized gamma distribution Free-space optical communication Multiple-input multiple-output systems subcarrier intensity modulation

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DC-Informative subcarrier intensity modulation for Visible Light Communication 25

DC-Informative Subcarrier Intensity Modulation for Visible L...

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25th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU)

作者： Celik, Yasin Akan, Aydin Aksaray Univ Elekt Elekt Muhendisligi Bolumu Merkez Aksaray Turkey Izmir Katip Celebi Univ Biyomed Muhendisligi Bolumu Izmir Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781509064946

In this paper, the performance of direct current informative subcarrier intensity modulation (DCI-SIM) which is proposed to enhance the power efficiency of subcarrier intensity modulation (SIM) is investigated in visible light communication. The BER performance of DCI-SIM is compared with SIM, pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and, enhanced unipolar orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (eU-OFDM) for different spectral efficiencies. Using analytical derivations and simulation results, we show that the DCI-SIM is the most power efficient modulation technique among others, and that the power efficiency increases with the spectral efficiency. Furthermore, we optimize the constellation of 64-DCI-SIM and present the results.

关键词： subcarrier intensity modulation DC-informative subcarrier intensity modulation PAM eU-OFDM IM/DD

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Optimisation of subcarrier intensity modulation binary phase-shift keying free space optical link with avalanche photodiode receiver influenced by gamma-gamma atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2016年第12期10卷 1473-1479页

作者： Petkovic, Milica I. Milic, Dejan N. Djordjevic, Goran T. Univ Nis Fac Elect Engn Dept Telecommun Aleksandra Medvedeva 14 Nish 18000 Serbia

This study presents the average bit error rate (BER) performance analysis of free space optical (FSO) systems employing subcarrier intensity modulation with binary phase-shift keying and avalanche photodiode (APD) receiver. intensity fluctuations of received optical signal are assumed to originate from both the gamma-gamma atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors. Besides theoretical derivation of the average BER expression, numerical integration is performed assuming specified relative calculation errors. Numerical results are presented and validated by Monte Carlo simulations. Furthermore, closed-form expressions are derived for thermal noise and shot noise limited conditions, which represent special cases of the system under investigation. On the basis of the presented results, effects of the FSO link and receiver parameters on BER performance are investigated and discussed. It is shown that optimal values of laser beam waist and average APD gain exist for minimising the average BER. The optimal values of laser beam waist depend strongly on the normalised jitter standard deviation, while the optimal values of APD gain are mostly dependent on receiver noise temperature, bit rate and atmospheric conditions.

关键词： optimisation avalanche photodiodes error statistics Monte Carlo methods optical links intensity modulation optical receivers subcarrier intensity modulation optimisation binary phase-shift keying free space optical link avalanche photodiode receiver gamma-gamma atmospheric turbulence pointing errors average bit error rate BER performance analysis APD receiver Monte Carlo simulations thermal noise FSO link optimal values laser beam waist

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Free space optical communication using subcarrier intensity modulation through generalized turbulence channel with pointing error

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2015年第8期57卷 1958-1961页

作者： Jagadeesh, V. K. Palliyembil, Vineeth Muthuchidambaranathan, P. Bui, Francis M. Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect & Commun Engn Tiruchirappalli 620015 Tamil Nadu India Univ Saskatchewan Dept Elect & Comp Engn Saskatoon SK Canada

Free Space Optical (FSO) Communication Systems are wireless systems capable of providing high speed, secure and cost effective communication between two entities. The channel for FSO is expressed in terms of the Malaga-distribution model. It is a generalized channel model encompassing all the channel conditions and previous models. In this work, the performance of a subcarrier intensity modulation FSO system is analyzed by considering the ill effects channel turbulence and pointing error and derived a closed form analytical expression for bit error rate and channel capacity. The results demonstrate the performance deterioration the system suffers because of the channel and alsohow the m-distribution model can be used to obtain the performance over other FSO channels. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1958-1961, 2015

关键词： free space optics subcarrier intensity modulation Malaga-distribution model bit error rate ergodic channel capacity

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subcarrier intensity modulation/Spatial modulation for Optical Wireless Communications

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2014年第5期E97B卷 1044-1049页

作者： Cheng, Yan Hwang, Seung-Hoon Dongguk Univ Div Elect & Elect Engn Seoul South Korea

In this paper, we investigate a combination scheme of subcarrier intensity-modulation (SIM) with spatial modulation (SM) for optical wireless communication. Using computer simulation, the performances of the proposed SIM/SM scheme are investigated and compared with those of the conventional SIM scheme in the additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) as well as in outdoor environment with turbulence induced fading characteristics. Numerical results show that the proposed SIM/SM scheme can outperform the conventional SIM in an environment with different spectral efficiencies. When the spectral efficiency is varied from 2 bits/s/Hz to 4 bits/s/Hz, an Eb/N0 gain of 2 dB to 5 dB is achieved, when the bit error rate of le is maintained. It shows that the employment of SM may further improve the power efficiency of SIM, when the number of subcarriers increases according to the spectral efficiency. When the spectral efficiency is 4 bits/s/Hz, the SEM/SM scheme for 0.5 of log-irradiance variance in the log-normal turbulence channel shows the same performance as SIM with variance of 0.3. This means that the SIM/SM can be an alternative choice in even worse environments.

关键词： subcarrier intensity modulation spatial modulation log-normal channel optical wireless communications

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BER Analysis of a Hybrid modulation Scheme Based on PPM and MSK subcarrier intensity modulation

IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL

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IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL 2015年第4期7卷

作者： Liu, Hongzhan Liao, Renbo Wei, Zhongchao Hou, Zhiyun Qiao, Yaojun S China Normal Univ Guangdong Prov Key Lab Nanophoton Funct Mat & Dev Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Informat Photon & Opt Commun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

In order to improve the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of free-space optical (FSO) communication systems employing binary phase-shift keying subcarrier intensity modulation (BPSK-SIM), an innovative hybrid modulation scheme called PPM-MSK-SIM is proposed, which is based on pulse position modulation (PPM) and minimum shift keying (MSK) subcarrier intensity modulation. Subsequently, the BER performance of PPM-MSK-SIM is studied in detail for an FSO system over log-normal turbulence channels with avalanche photodiode detection. The results of the numerical simulation show that PPM-MSK-SIM has the advantages of improving the BER performance compared with BPSK-SIM and PPM. For example, at the same received irradiance of -2.1 dBm and the same strength of turbulence C-n(2) = 7.5 x 10(-15) m(-2/3), the BER performance of 2-PPM-MSK-SIM can decrease to 1.02 x 10(-9), whereas those of 2-PPM and BPSK-SIM are just 1.19 x 10(-7) and 2.29 x 10(-6), respectively. This makes PPM-MSK-SIM a favorable candidate for the modulation technique in FSO communication systems.

关键词： Free-space optical communication subcarrier intensity modulation atmospheric turbulence atmospheric attenuation bit-error rate (BER)

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