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Entanglement-Assisted Classical Communication Over Quantum Channels for Binary Markov Sources

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2018年第5期67卷 3866-3873页

作者： Izhar, Mohd Azri Mohd Babar, Zunaira Ng, Soon Xin Hanzo, Lajos Univ Teknol Malaysia Wireless Commun Ctr Kuala Lumpur 54100 Malaysia Univ Teknol Malaysia Ubiquitous Broadband Access Network Grp UTM Razak Sch Engn & Adv Technol Kuala Lumpur 54100 Malaysia Univ Southampton Sch Elect & Comp Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

Symbol-based iterative decoding is proposed for the transmission of classical Markov source signals over a quantum channel using a three-stage serial concatenation of a convolutional code (CC), a unity-rate code and a two-qubit superdense (SD) protocol. A modified symbol-based maximum a posteriori algorithm is employed for CC decoding to exploit the Markov source statistics during the iterative decoding process. Extrinsic information transfer chart analysis is performed to evaluate the benefit of the extrinsic mutual information gleaned from the CC decoder for sources with different correlations. We evaluate the bit error rate performance of the proposed coding scheme and compare it with the relevant benchmark schemes, including the turbo coding-based SD scheme. We demonstrate that a near-capacity performance can be achieved using the proposed scheme and when utilizing sources having a high correlation coefficient of rho = 0.9, the proposed coding scheme performs within 0.53 dB from the entanglement-assisted classical capacity.

关键词： Entanglement-assisted classical communication iterative decoding joint source-channel coding source-assisted channel decoding superdense coding

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Quantum communication protocols as a benchmark for programmable quantum computers

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QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING 2019年第1期18卷 31-31页

作者： Zhukov, A. A. Kiktenko, E. O. Elistratov, A. A. Pogosov, W. V. Lozovik, Yu. E. Dukhov Res Inst Automat VNIIA Moscow 127055 Russia Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI Moscow 115409 Russia Skolkovo Russian Quantum Ctr Moscow 143025 Russia Russian Acad Sci Steklov Math Inst Moscow 119991 Russia Russian Acad Sci Schmidt Inst Phys Earth Geoelectromagnet Res Ctr Moscow 142190 Russia Russian Acad Sci Inst Theoret & Appl Electrodynam Moscow 125412 Russia Moscow Inst Phys & Technol Dolgoprudnyi 141700 Moscow Region Russia Russian Acad Sci Inst Spect Moscow 142190 Russia Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ Moscow Inst Elect & Math Moscow 101000 Russia

We point out that realization of quantum communication protocols in programmable quantum computers provides a deep benchmark for capabilities of real quantum hardware. Particularly, it is prospective to focus on measurements of entropy-based characteristics of the performance and to explore whether a quantum regime is preserved. We perform proof-of-principle implementations of superdense coding and quantum key distribution BB84 using 5- and 16-qubit superconducting quantum processors of IBM Quantum Experience. We focus on the ability of these quantum machines to provide an efficient transfer of information between distant parts of the processors by placing Alice and Bob at different qubits of the devices. We also examine the ability of quantum devices to serve as quantum memory and to store entangled states used in quantum communication. Another issue we address is an error mitigation. Although it is at odds with benchmarking, this problem is nevertheless of importance in a general context of quantum computation with noisy quantum devices. We perform such a mitigation and noticeably improve some results.

关键词： Quantum computer Quantum communication protocol Quantum algorithms superdense coding Quantum benchmark

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Communication Capacity of W States

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS 2018年第5期57卷 1572-1581页

作者： Li, Junxia Henan Polytech Univ Sch Phys & Elect Informat Engn Jiaozuo 454000 Peoples R China

Tripartite entanglement of three qubits can be classified based on the stochastic local operations and classical communications. Such entanglement are divided into two categories: GHZ states and W states. In this paper, we present the communication capacity of W states of arbitrary n qubits. We firstly evaluate the partition-depended communication capacity of bipartite W states including hyper-entangled W states. And then we compute the concordant communication capacity of W states, which is independent of partitions of W states.

关键词： Quantum entanglement W states Communication capacity Quantum teleportation superdense coding

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Combining multi-photon entanglement, hyper-entanglement and quantum networks for enhanced sensing 22

Combining multi-photon entanglement, hyper-entanglement and ...

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Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XXII

作者： Smith, James F., III Naval Res Lab Code 5741 Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Quantum hyper-entanglement, multi-photon entanglement and quantum networks are combined to develop enhanced sensing capabilities. Quantum hyper-entanglement refers to entanglement in more than one degree of freedom, e.g. polarization, energy-time, orbital angular momentum (OAM), and frequency. Multi-photon entanglement involves entanglement typically between more than two photons, whereas hyper-entanglement is generally described as occurring between two photons referred to as the signal and ancilla photon. Multi-photon states representing an increasing hierarchy of robustness are discussed. These include N00N states, M&N states and linear combinations of M&N states. A M&N state, the (N, 1) states is shown to be very useful. A method of constructing M& N states using Shrodinger kitten states is considered. Multi-photon entanglement and hyper-entanglement are combined for enhanced sensing. This combined approach permits improvement in measures of effectiveness (MOEs) like SNR, signal to interference ratio (SIR), time-on-target (TOT), Holevo bound, and system range. The combined approach yields significant improvements in resolution both by permitting an effective reduction in wavelength used for measurement as well as decreasing the related Cramer Rao lower bound. This in turn permits sensors based on these concepts to have enhanced parameter estimation capabilities. These parameters can include range, bearing and elevation. Additional enhancements are found by combining the multi-photon hyper-entangled states with the idea of a quantum network. Quantum networks are a collection of nodes that may have quantum memory. This approach can significantly reduce loss;offer noise and interference resistance;decrease measurement error;and reduce size, weight, power and costs (SWAPC) for the overall system.

关键词： quantum networks multi-photon entanglement hyper-entanglement super resolution and sensitivity quantum communications superdense coding quantum memory quantum sensing Bell state measurement

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Enhanced communication through quantum hyper-entanglement 10

Enhanced communication through quantum hyper-entanglement

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Conference on Quantum Information Science, Sensing, and Computation X

作者： Smith, James F., III Naval Res Lab Code 5741 Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510618329

ISBN: (纸本)9781510618329

Theory and related designs for enhancing communications and more generally information transfer by using quantum hyper-entanglement are discussed. Quantum hyper-entanglement refers to entanglement in more than one quantum mechanical degree of freedom, e.g. polarization, energy-time, orbital angular momentum, radial quantum number and frequency. Each extra degree of freedom increases the dimensionality d of the underlying Hilbert space. The hyperentangled signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) are d times the related classical quantity due to the enhancement born of hyper-entanglement. Communication time can be reduced by a factor d or d . M , where M is the number of message photons used. Errors in parameter estimation related to information stored in the signal experience a factor of d . M reduction. This paper considers the use of generalized Bell states and discusses circuitry for their transmission, analysis and detection. Holevo bounds and Von-Neumann entropies are calculated for both the hyper-entangled case and non-entangled case. It is shown that hyper-entanglement can increase the maximum information transferrable by more than log(2) (d) bits. The Holevo bound results are discussed in the context of the types of generalized Bell states. Generalized measures of effectiveness (MOEs) are introduced that hold for linear combinations of generalized Bell states. Different sets of complete orthogonal projection operators and their applications are discussed. Loss mechanisms due to transmission hardware such as orbital angular moment polarization rotation, and polarizing beam splitter cross-talk are calculated. Propagation and detection loss as well as noise are considered.

关键词： Holevo bound quantum communication Von Neuman entropy Shannon entropy channel capacity channel matrix generalized Bell state Bell state measurement quantum network/repeater quantum sensing superdense coding

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Encoding M classical bits in the arrival time of dense-coded photons

Encoding <i>M</i> classical bits in the arrival time of dens...

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Conference on Quantum Optics

作者： Hegazy, Salem F. Morra, Ahmed E. Obayya, Salah S. A. Cairo Univ Natl Inst Laser Enhanced Sci Giza 12613 Egypt Menoufia Univ FEE Menoufia 32952 Egypt Zewail City Sci & Technol Ctr Photon & Smart Mat Giza 12588 Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781510601451

We present a scheme to encode M extra classical bits to a dense-coded pair of photons. By tuning the delay of an entangled pair of photons to one of 2(M) time-bins and then applying one of the quantum dense coding protocols, a receiver equipped with a synchronized clock of reference is able to decode M bits (via classical time-bin encoding) + 2 bits (via quantum dense coding). This protocol, yet simple, does not dispense several special features of the used programmable delay apparatus to maintain the coherence of the two-photon state. While this type of time-domain encoding may be thought to be ideally of boundless photonic capacity (by increasing the number of available time-bins), errors due to the environmental noise and the imperfect devices and channel evolve with the number of time-bins.

关键词： Time-bin superdense coding delay line quantum information channel capacity hybrid modulation quantum bit error rate

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ENTANGLEMENT AND superdense coding WITH LINEAR OPTICS

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM INFORMATION 2011年第7-8期9卷 1737-1744页

作者： Pavicic, Mladen Univ Zagreb Fac Civil Engn Chair Phys Zagreb 41000 Croatia

We discuss a scheme for a full superdense coding of entangled photon states employing only linear optics elements. By using the mixed basis consisting of four states that are unambiguously distinguishable by a standard and polarizing beam splitters we can deterministically transfer four messages by manipulating just one of the two entangled photons. The sender achieves the determinism of the transfer either by giving up the control over 50% of sent messages (although known to her) or by discarding 33% of incoming photons.

关键词： superdense coding quantum communication Bell states mixed basis

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PERFECT TELEPORTATION, superdense coding VIA A KIND OF W-CLASS STATE

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM INFORMATION 2010年第8期8卷 1411-1420页

作者： Shang-Guan, Li-Ying Sun, Hong-Xiang Chen, Xiu-Bo Jia, Heng-Yue Wen, Qiao-Yan Zhu, Fu-Chen Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Networking & Switching Technol Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Sci Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Natl Lab Modern Commun Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

Perfect teleportation and superdense coding are discussed via a special kind of W-state. It is shown that the state can be used for perfect teleportation of the state x vertical bar 0 >(circle times N) + y vertical bar 1 >(circle times N). And the state can be utilized for superdense coding. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the sender can transmit N classical bits to the receiver by sending N - 1 qubits.

关键词： Perfect teleportation superdense coding

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Hyperdense coding and superadditivity of classical capacities in hypersphere theories

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NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS 2015年第11期17卷 113002-113002页

作者： Massar, Serge Pironio, Stefano Pitalua-Garcia, Damian Univ Libre Bruxelles Lab Informat Qunat B-1050 Brussels Belgium

In quantum superdense coding, two parties previously sharing entanglement can communicate a two bit message by sending a single qubit. We study this feature in the broader framework of general probabilistic theories. We consider a particular class of theories in which the local state space of the communicating parties corresponds to Euclidian hyperballs of dimension n (the case n = 3 corresponds to the Bloch ball of quantum theory). We show that a single n-ball can encode at most one bit of information, independently of n. We introduce a bipartite extension of such theories for which there exist dense coding protocols such that log(2)(n + 1) bits are communicated if entanglement is previously shared by the communicating parties. For n > 3, these protocols are more powerful than the quantum one, because more than two bits are communicated by transmission of a system that locally encodes at most one bit. We call this phenomenon hyperdense coding (HDC). Our HDC protocols imply superadditive classical capacities: two entangled systems can encode log(2) (n + 1) > bits, even though each system individually encodes at most one bit. In our examples, HDC and superadditivity of classical capacities come at the expense of violating tomographic locality or dynamical continuous reversibility.

关键词： superdense coding general probabilistic theories classical capacities

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WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK BASED ON HIGH-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM COMMUNICATION

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE COMPUTING INFORMATION AND CONTROL 2015年第6期11卷 2119-2133页

作者： Li, Hui Zhao, Yuhan Sun, Yingpei Henan Polytech Univ Sch Elect Engn & Automat 2001 Shiji Rd Jiaozuo 454000 Peoples R China

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has poor security in data transmission. In order to solve this problem, a high-dimensional quantum WSN (QWSN) is designed. In the QWSN, the node is high-dimensional quantum sensor node. On account of d-dimensional Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)-pairs, the protocols are designed. The protocols include high-dimensional quantum channel safety testing protocol (HQTP) and high-dimensional quantum entanglement swapping communication protocol (HQCP). The HQTP can detect the third-party eavesdropping and the interference of the surrounding environment. The HQCP is used to transmit the information directly. The analysis and simulation results show that the WSN based on high-dimensional quantum provides the better security, throughput and efficiency than conventional WSN.

关键词： Wireless sensor network High-dimensional quantum Quantum communication superdense coding d-dimensional EPR-pairs

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