The smart grid is the next-generation power system that incorporates power infrastructures with information technologies. In the smart grid, power devices are interconnected to support a variety of intelligent mechani...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424492688
The smart grid is the next-generation power system that incorporates power infrastructures with information technologies. In the smart grid, power devices are interconnected to support a variety of intelligent mechanisms, such as relay protection and demand response. To enable such mechanisms, messages must be delivered in a timely manner via network protocols. A cost-efficient and backward-compatible way for smart grid protocol design is to migrate current protocols in supervisorycontrol and dataacquisition (SCADA) systems to the smart grid. However, an open question is whether the performance of SCADA protocols can meet the timing requirements of smart grid applications. To address this issue, we establish a micro smart grid, Green Hub, to measure the delay performance of a predominant SCADA protocol, distributed network protocol 3.0 (DNP3) over TCP/IP. Our results show that although DNP3 over TCP/IP is widely considered as a smart grid communication protocol, it cannot be used in applications with delay constraints smaller than 16ms in Green Hub, such as relay protection. In addition, since DNP3 provides reliability mechanisms similar to TCP, we identify that such an overlapped design induces 50%80% of the processing delay in embedded power devices. Our results indicate that DNP3 over TCP/IP can be further optimized in terms of delay efficiency, and a lightweight communication protocol is essential for time-critical smart grid applications.
United Cooperative Services has a long history of incorporating distribution automation into its electric utility distribution operations. With the advent of new communications options and improved Faulted Circuit Ind...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781612840567
United Cooperative Services has a long history of incorporating distribution automation into its electric utility distribution operations. With the advent of new communications options and improved Faulted Circuit Indicator technology, United has embarked on an expansion of its distribution automation plans to incorporate communicating Faulted Circuit Indicators to improve system reliability.
This paper describes a concept for modeling power system communication systems. The model emphasizes the external views of a communication system, where two views are identified. The information view illustrates the a...
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This paper describes a concept for modeling power system communication systems. The model emphasizes the external views of a communication system, where two views are identified. The information view illustrates the access part and the semantic capabilities at the interface of a communication system. The transport view illustrates the backbone and the introduction of more concurrent capabilities. In each of the views, the model classifies technology maturity levels in a few discrete steps. The approach has been successfully applied to describe a migration scenario in the information view, where higher levels of data abstractions are introduced to make power system communication and operation more effective. The modeling concept provides support, complementary to the traditional open systems interconnection (OSI) model, for gaining a holistic understanding of whether or not it is feasible to upgrade a power systemcontrolsystem with new communication technology.
This paper addresses the various requirements forming the basis for investing in a utility wide-area network (WAN). One single requirement cannot itself motivate the total cost of a WAN, whereas the requirements altog...
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This paper addresses the various requirements forming the basis for investing in a utility wide-area network (WAN). One single requirement cannot itself motivate the total cost of a WAN, whereas the requirements altogether could do that. The paper is based on experiences from Svenska Kraftnat (Swedish National Grid). The presentation aims to be comprehensive, and it should provide support when a utility WAN is to be planned. The contribution of the paper is to provide engineering perspectives on the requirements, rather than a pure theoretical view.
In this paper a novel method for simulating power system dynamic performance to present solutions for some of the Alexandria regional control center problems is introduced. This simulation is based on the operation tr...
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In this paper a novel method for simulating power system dynamic performance to present solutions for some of the Alexandria regional control center problems is introduced. This simulation is based on the operation training simulator existing in controlsystem centers. Field data from Alexandria regional control center in a conjunction of historical and future data are considered. This can be accomplished via dividing the system into sub-systems. This simulation is carried out without using the conventional telemetering of the feeder loads, meter placement and state estimators. The main purpose of this paper is to present suggestions and solutions for some of the Alexandria Regional control Center (ARCC) problems for initializing the Operator Training Simulator (OTS) system from a data taken from the Historical and Future data (HFD) sub-system, even in case of State Estimator (SE) absence, non-standard meter placement and not telemetering the feeders' load, to enable the OTS to solve load flow problems of Alexandria region.
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