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technological complexity and the creation of impactful technologies: The role of inventors' international diversity and expertise

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Journal of International Management 2025年

作者： Kafouros, Mario Mavroudi, Eva Aliyev, Murod Hong, Junjie Alliance Manchester Business School United Kingdom Leeds University Business School United Kingdom Shandong University of Finance and Economics China

Given that highly impactful technologies can generate immense value and build competitive advantages for MNEs, it is crucial to understand how they can successfully create them. This study's overarching contribution lies in explaining how MNEs can assemble inventor teams and optimize their composition to overcome the challenges of technological complexity and create highly impactful technologies. Analyzing a sample of 2.3 million technologies created by 183,833 firms across 139 countries, the study reveals that MNEs with teams that are internationally diverse (multi-country) and possess greater technological expertise are better equipped to leverage complex knowledge in technology creation. Importantly, it also indicates that while international diversity is less effective in making teams more innovative across all levels of complexity, its value lies in delaying the point at which extreme complexity hinders technology creation. In contrast, technological expertise helps team create more impactful technologies at any level of complexity but is less effective in postponing the point where extreme complexity becomes overwhelming. These insights underscore that international diversity and technological expertise are complementary, supporting MNE teams in distinct but synergistic ways. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Innovation International diversity Knowledge recombination Team expertise technological complexity

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What can lithics tell us about technological complexity? Reflections on and around the Hoabinhian phenomenon in the cobble world

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Archaeometry 2025年第0期

作者： Zhou, Yuduan Lan, Xiangxi Shen, Zixuan Qiu, Kaiwei Jiang, Yuanjin Sophady, Heng Yang, Ruxi Forestier, Hubert School of History Archaeological Institute for Yangtze Civilization Wuhan University Wuhan China UMR 7194 CNRS Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle Musée de l'Homme Paris France Lincang Prefecture Administration of Cultural Relics Lincang China Museum of the Bailiandong Cave Site Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Liuzhou China Royal University of Fine Arts Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts of Cambodia Phnom Penh Cambodia

For a long time, scientific discussions of the behavioral, technological, cultural, and cognitive complexity of Homo sapiens have been Europe- and Africa-centered for their abundant archaeological discoveries related to behavioral modernity and cultural diversity of H. sapiens. However, the techno-cultural complexity of H. sapiens is still poorly understood in southern China and mainland Southeast Asia. In the East, the Paleolithic industries are famous for the long-lasting cobble-tool industry, also called “chopper-chopping tool tradition” by Hallam L. Movius in the 1940s. Under this historical recognition, which is still widely accepted, it seems that no evident technological changes could be identified in the Paleolithic industries. In this paper, we take the Hoabinhian phenomenon as an example to question the idea of using terms like simplicity, archaism, and crudeness to describe the stone tools and paleo-cultures born in the cobble world, and also discuss the behavioral and technological complexity of Hoabinhian hunter-gatherers seen in and beyond stone tools. We conclude that more integrative studies should be conducted on stone artifacts to deepen our understanding of the complexity of the Hoabinhian and other phenomena represented by the simple-looking technologies. © 2025 The Author(s). Archaeometry © 2025 University of Oxford.

关键词： cobble tools epistemological reflections Hoabinhian technocomplex Homo sapiens technological complexity

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technological relatedness, technological complexity and the development of digital technology in Chinese cities

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APPLIED GEOGRAPHY 2025年 179卷

作者： Chen, Yijia Tan, Juntao Yang, Ruilin Dongguan Univ Technol Sch Econ & Management Dongguan Peoples R China Jiangsu Normal Univ Sch Geog Geomatics & Planning Xuzhou Peoples R China Rutgers State Univ Dept Management & Global Business New Brunswick NJ USA

The digital economy has become a new growth engine for the global economy, prompting cities worldwide to vigorously drive the development of digital technologies. This article draws on the relatedness-complexity framework in evolutionary economic geography to examine the development of digital technology in Chinese cities. Using a database of approximately 5 million digital technology patents from 297 prefecture-level cities in China between 1991 and 2020, we find that digital technology has developed rapidly across Chinese cities, but is mainly concentrated in the eastern cities. Second, our econometric model shows that relatedness is positively associated with the development of digital technologies in cities, while complexity has a negative effect. Moreover, by breaking down relatedness into digital and non-digital relatedness, we find that both play a significant role in digital technology development in cities. Additionally, cities are more likely to develop new digital technologies with high technological complexity when relatedness is high, particularly when digital relatedness is strong. Third, based on the current status of each city and the underlying mechanisms, we identify future opportunities for the development of new digital technologies in cities.

关键词： Digital technology technological relatedness technological complexity Patent Prefecture-level city

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technological complexity and employee silence: The buffering role of social support

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HUMAN SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 2023年第1期42卷 41-53页

作者： Jungst, Martijn EDHEC Business Sch Roubaix France

BACKGROUND: The increase of technological complexity at the workplace has encouraged researchers to pay more attention to the stress employees experience while constantly learning and adapting to new technologies. This study considers employee silence as a passive coping strategy in response to technological complexity. OBJECTIVE: This study examines whether self-efficacy mediates the effect of technological complexity on employee silence (i.e., quiescence and acquiescence) and whether social support interacts with technological complexity to influence self-efficacy and thereby employee silence. METHODS: Using a web-based survey, the data were collected from 206 full-time employees working in different sectors in France. RESULTS: Results indicate that technological complexity is positively associated with employee silence (i.e., quiescence and acquiescence silence) and that self-efficacy mediates the effect of technological complexity on employee silence. However, the effects of technological complexity are less pronounced when individuals have access to a large pool of social support. CONCLUSIONS: Managers are encouraged to introduce HR policies that motivate employees to speak up about the use of complex technology at the workplace by leveraging different social support programs.

关键词： Employee silence self-efficacy social support technological complexity

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technological complexity and economic growth

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REVIEW OF ECONOMIC DYNAMICS 2007年第2期10卷 276-293页

作者： Pintea, Mihaela Thompson, Peter Florida Int Univ Dept Econ Miami FL 33199 USA

Over the last fifty years there have been large secular increases in educational attainment and R&D intensity. The fact that these trends have not stimulated more rapid income growth has been a persistent puzzle for growth theorists. We construct a model of endogenous economic growth in which income growth, R&D intensity, and educational attainment depend on the complexity of new technologies. An increase in complexity that makes passive learning more difficult induces increases in R&D and education, alongside a decline in income growth. Our explanation also predicts a concurrent rise in the skill premium. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： endogenous growth learning R&D educational attainment wage inequality technological complexity

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technological complexity, wage differentials and unemployment

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SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 2002年第4期104卷 515-530页

作者： Dalmazzo, A Univ Siena I-53100 Siena Italy

A model is developed to analyse the relation between wages and technological complexity, as characterised by the "O-ring" theory of production. In equilibrium, the adoption of a relatively complex technology induces the employer to pay higher wages. We argue that the model can explain increased within-group wage inequality as a consequence of increased technological heterogeneity among firms.

关键词： technological complexity within-group wage dispersion unemployment

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technological complexity and the global dispersal of modern humans

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EVOLUTIONARY ANTHROPOLOGY 2017年第6期26卷 285-299页

作者： Hoffecker, John F. Hoffecker, Ian T. Univ Colorado Inst Arctic & Alpine Res Boulder CO 80309 USA Karolinska Inst Dept Med Biochem & Biophys SE-17177 Stockholm Sweden

Anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens) dispersed out of Africa roughly 120,000 years ago and again after 75,000 years ago. The early dispersal was geographically restricted to the Arabian Peninsula, Levant, and possibly parts of southern Asia. The later dispersal was ultimately global in scope, including areas not previously occupied by Homo. One explanation for the contrast between the two out-of-Africa dispersals is that the modern humans who expanded into Eurasia 120,000 years ago lacked the functionally and structurally complex technology of recent hunter-gatherers. This technology, which includes, for example, mechanical projectiles, snares and traps, and sewn clothing, provides not only expanded dietary breadth and increased rates of foraging efficiency and success in places where plant and animal productivity is low, but protection from cold weather in places where winter temperatures are low. The absence of complex technology before 75,000 years ago also may explain why modern humans in the Levant did not develop sedentary settlements and agriculture 120,000 years ago (i.e., during the Last Interglacial).

关键词： anatomically modern humans out-of-Africa dispersals technological complexity

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technological complexity and country-of-origin effects on binational product evaluation: Investigation in an emerging market

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Journal of Global Marketing 2010年第4期23卷 306-320页

作者： Hamzaoui-Essoussi, Leila Telfer School of Management University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 55 Laurier Avenue East Canada

Research into the impact of the country of origin (COO) dimensions on product perceived quality in emerging markets is limited and does not distinguish between technologically complex/simple products. This paper investigates country-of-design (COD) and country-of-manufacture (COM) effects through their two subconstructs (global country image and the perceived capacity of the country to design/manufacture products), on the perceived quality of four products varying in their level of technological complexity. Findings indicate that consumers are more sensitive to COM than COD for complex and for simple products, and that COD only affects product quality for products carrying symbolic meaning. The findings have marketing implications for binational products entering emerging markets. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Country of design Country of manufacture Emerging markets Product evaluation technological complexity

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technological complexity and economic development

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REVIEW OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS 2020年第2期24卷 448-470页

作者： Nepelski, Daniel De Prato, Giuditta European Commiss Joint Res Ctr Seville 41092 Spain

Although technological complexity seems to be a crucial determinant of economic development, it remains insufficiently explored. Relying on microinformation stored in individual patent applications and by applying the network view of countries linked to the technologies they develop, we create a global technology space and derive complexity measures that position countries in this space. We use then the measures of technological diversification and the ubiquity of technologies present in a country's technology portfolio as an input to explain the role of technological complexity in countries' income and economic development. We show that a country's position in the global technology space affects its level of income and growth. The main channel through which it happens is the exclusiveness and uniqueness of the technological portfolio a country has, as compared to the remaining countries.

关键词： diversification economic development networks specialization technological complexity ubiquity

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How does technological complexity affect manufacturers' innovation? Based on the perspective of vertical separation structure

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JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT 2024年第2期35卷 226-246页

作者： Zhao, Mingming Wu, Fuxiang Xu, Xia Nanjing Univ Coll Business Nanjing Peoples R China

PurposeComplex technology not only provides potential economic benefits but also increases the difficulty of application. Whether and how upstream technological complexity affects downstream manufacturers' innovation through vertical separation structure is worth discussing, but it has not been effectively ***/methodology/approachThrough theoretical analysis and empirical testing, this article discusses the cost effect and market competition effect caused by upstream technological complexity on downstream manufacturers and further elucidates the impact of upstream technological complexity on downstream manufacturers' *** has found that the impact of upstream technological complexity on the downstream manufacturers' innovation depends on the cost effect and market competition effect. The cost effect caused by the complexity of upstream technology inhibits the innovation of downstream manufacturers. In contrast, the market competition effect promotes the innovation of downstream manufacturers. There are differences in the cost effect and market competition effect of upstream technological complexity on different types of downstream manufacturers, so there is also significant heterogeneity in the impact of upstream technological complexity on innovation of different types of downstream ***/valueThe conclusions of this article improve the understanding of the relationship between upstream technological complexity and downstream innovation and provide helpful implications for industrial chain innovation.

关键词： technological complexity Vertical separation structure Technology spillover Innovation

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