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45th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Mordahl, Austin Zhang, Zenong Soles, Dakota Wei, Shiyi Univ Texas Dallas Dept Comp Sci Richardson TX 75083 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665457019

testing and debugging the implementation of static analysis is a challenging task, often involving significant manual effort from domain experts in a tedious and unprincipled process. In this work, we propose an approach that greatly improves the automation of this process for static analyzers with configuration options. At the core of our approach is the novel adaptation of the theoretical partial order relations that exist between these options to reason about the correctness of actual results from running the static analyzer with different configurations. This allows for automated testing of static analyzers with clearly defined oracles, followed by automated delta debugging, even in cases where ground truths are not defined over the input programs. To apply this approach to many static analysis tools, we design and implement ECSTATIC, an easy-to-extend, open-source framework. We have integrated four popular static analysis tools, SOOT, WALA, DOOP, and FlowDroid, into ECSTATIC. Our evaluation shows running ECSTATIC detects 74 partial order bugs in the four tools and produces reduced bug-inducing programs to assist debugging. We reported 42 bugs;in all cases where we received responses, the tool developers confirmed the reported tool behavior was unintended. So far, three bugs have been fixed and there are ongoing discussions to fix more.

关键词： Program analysis testing and debugging

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BugsInPy: A Database of Existing Bugs in Python Programs to Enable Controlled testing and debugging Studies 2020

BugsInPy: A Database of Existing Bugs in Python Programs to ...

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28th ACM Joint Meeting on European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE)

作者： Widyasari, Ratnadira Sim, Sheng Qin Lok, Camellia Qi, Haodi Phan, Jack Tay, Qijin Tan, Constance Wee, Fiona Tan, Jodie Ethelda Yieh, Yuheng Goh, Brian Thung, Ferdian Kang, Hong Jin Hoang, Thong Lo, David Ouh, Eng Lieh Singapore Management Univ Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781450370431

The 2019 edition of Stack Overflow developer survey highlights that, for the first time, Python outperformed Java in terms of popularity. The gap between Python and Java further widened in the 2020 edition of the survey. Unfortunately, despite the rapid increase in Python's popularity, there are not many testing and debugging tools that are designed for Python. This is in stark contrast with the abundance of testing and debugging tools for Java. Thus, there is a need to push research on tools that can help Python developers. One factor that contributed to the rapid growth of Java testing and debugging tools is the availability of benchmarks. A popular benchmark is the Defects4J benchmark;its initial version contained 357 real bugs from 5 real-world Java programs. Each bug comes with a test suite that can expose the bug. Defects4J has been used by hundreds of testing and debugging studies and has helped to push the frontier of research in these directions. In this project, inspired by Defects4J, we create another benchmark database and tool that contain 493 real bugs from 17 real-world Python programs. We hope our benchmark can help catalyze future work on testing and debugging tools that work on Python programs.

关键词： Bug Database Python testing and debugging

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JIFFY: A Framework for Encompassing Aspects in testing and debugging Software

JIFFY: A Framework for Encompassing Aspects in Testing and D...

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8th International Workshop on Automation of Software Test (AST)

作者： Asif, Mohammad Reddy, Y. Raghu Int Inst Informat Technol IIIT H Software Engn Res Lab Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467361613

Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) advocates the notion of aspects to encapsulate crosscutting concerns. A concern is a behavior in a computer program and is said to be crosscutting if the module(s) that address the behavior are scattered and tangled with other modules of the system. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using AOP for software testing and non-invasive debugging. We have identified some crosscutting concerns like access control, logging, performance, tracing, etc., and developed a framework based on java bytecode instrumentation technique to inject these crosscutting concerns into the compiled code. The framework is available as a service, i.e., the service takes the required code as input and produces the changed code as output that contains the appropriate aspects. Thus, it is argued that the framework can be the basis for implementing the notion of "Enabling testing as a Service".

关键词： testing and debugging Aspect Oriented Programming Byte code instrumentation Unit testing

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Semi-Proving: An Integrated Method for Program Proving, testing, and debugging

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2011年第1期37卷 109-125页

作者： Chen, Tsong Yueh Tse, T. H. Zhou, Zhi Quan Swinburne Univ Technol Ctr Software Anal & Testing Hawthorn Vic 3122 Australia Univ Hong Kong Dept Comp Sci Pokfulam Hong Kong Peoples R China Univ Wollongong Sch Comp Sci & Software Engn Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia

We present an integrated method for program proving, testing, and debugging. Using the concept of metamorphic relations, we select necessary properties for target programs. For programs where global symbolic evaluation can be conducted and the constraint expressions involved can be solved, we can either prove that these necessary conditions for program correctness are satisfied or identify all inputs that violate the conditions. For other programs, our method can be converted into a symbolic-testing approach. Our method extrapolates from the correctness of a program for tested inputs to the correctness of the program for related untested inputs. The method supports automatic debugging through the identification of constraint expressions that reveal failures.

关键词： Software/program verification symbolic execution testing and debugging

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The Evolution of Automated Software Repair

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2025年第3期51卷 870-873页

作者： Le Goues, Claire Nguyen, Thanhvu Forrest, Stephanie Weimer, Westley Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA George Mason Univ Fairfax VA 22030 USA Arizona State Univ Tempe AZ 85287 USA Univ Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

GenProg implemented a novel method for automatically evolving patches to repair test suite failures in legacy C programs. It combined insights from genetic programming and software engineering. Many of the original design decisions in GenProg were ultimately less important than its impact as an existence proof. In particular, it demonstrated that useful patches for non-trivial bugs and programs could be generated automatically. Since the original publication, research in automated program repair has expanded to consider and evaluate many new methods, contexts and defects. As code synthesis and debugging techniques based on machine learning have become popular, it is informative to consider how views on perennial issues in program repair have changed, or remained static, over time. This retrospective discusses the issues of repair quality (including the role of tests), use cases for automated repairs (including the role of humans), and why these approaches work at all.

关键词： Maintenance engineering Computer bugs Software Codes Standards Manuals debugging testing Genetic programming Evolution (biology) Automatic programming corrections testing and debugging evolutionary computation

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A Numerical Variability Approach to Results Stability Tests and Its Application to Neuroimaging

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 2025年第1期74卷 200-209页

作者： Chatelain, Yohan Tetrel, Loic Markiewicz, Christopher J. Goncalves, Mathias Kiar, Gregory Esteban, Oscar Bellec, Pierre Glatard, Tristan Concordia Univ Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn Montreal PQ H3H 2L9 Canada Ctr Rech Inst Univ Geriatrie Montreal CRIUGM Montreal PQ H3W 1W6 Canada Stanford Univ Dept Psychol Stanford CA 94305 USA Child Mind Inst New York NY 10022 USA Lausanne Univ Hosp Dept Radiol CH-1011 Lausanne Switzerland Univ Lausanne CH-1011 Lausanne Switzerland Univ Montreal Dept Psychol Montreal PQ H2V 2J7 Canada

Ensuring the long-term reproducibility of data analyses requires results stability tests to verify that analysis results remain within acceptable variation bounds despite inevitable software updates and hardware evolutions. This paper introduces a numerical variability approach for results stability tests, which determines acceptable variation bounds using random rounding of floating-point calculations. By applying the resulting stability test to fMRIPrep, a widely-used neuroimaging tool, we show that the test is sensitive enough to detect subtle updates in image processing methods while remaining specific enough to accept numerical variations within a reference version of the application. This result contributes to enhancing the reliability and reproducibility of data analyses by providing a robust and flexible method for stability testing.

关键词： Numerical stability Neuroimaging Stability criteria Perturbation methods Magnetic resonance imaging Data analysis Standards Pipelines Hardware Smoothing methods testing and debugging testing tools

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Cooperative Software testing and Analysis: Advances and Challenges

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2014年第4期29卷 713-723页

作者：谢涛张路肖旭生熊英飞郝丹 ACM IEEE Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 U.S.A. CCF Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies Ministry of Education Institute of Software School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University NEC Laboratories America Inc. Princeton NJ 08520 U.S.A.

In recent years, to maximize the value of software testing and analysis, we have proposed the methodology of cooperative software testing and analysis （in short as cooperative testing and analysis） to enable testing and analysis tools to cooperate with their users （in the form of tool-human cooperation）, and enable one tool to cooperate with another tool （in the form of tool-tool cooperation）. Such cooperations are motivated by the observation that a tool is typically not powerful enough to address complications in testing or analysis of complex real-world software, and the tool user or another tool may be able to help out some problems faced by the tool. To enable tool-human or tool-tool cooperation, effective mechanisms need to be developed 1） for a tool to communicate problems faced by the tool to the tool user or another tool, and 2） for the tool user or another tool to assist the tool to address the problems. Such methodology of cooperative testing and analysis forms a new research frontier on synergistic cooperations between humans and tools along with cooperations between tools and tools. This article presents recent example advances and challenges on cooperative testing and analysis.

关键词： software verification testing and debugging software quality

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Improving Fault Detection in Modified Code-A Study from the Telecommunication Industry

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第3期22卷 397-409页

作者： Piotr Tomaszewski Lars Lundberg Hkan Grahn School of Engineering Blekinge Institute of Technology SE-372 25 RonnebySweden

Many software systems are developed in a number of consecutive releases. In each release not only new code is added but also existing code is often modified. In this study we show that the modified code can be an important source of faults. Faults are widely recognized as one of the major cost drivers in software projects. Therefore, we look for methods that improve the fault detection in the modified code. We propose and evaluate a number of prediction models that increase the efficiency of fault detection. To build and evaluate our models we use data collected from two large telecommunication systems produced by Ericsson. We evaluate the performance of our models by applying them both to a different release of the system than the one they are built on and to a different system. The performance of our models is compared to the performance of the theoretical best model, a simple model based on size, as well as to analyzing the code in a random order （not using any model）. We find that the use of our models provides a significant improvement over not using any model at all and over using a simple model based on the class size. The gain offered by our models corresponds to 38-57% of the theoretical maximum gain.

关键词： fault prediction metrics testing and debugging

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Vulnerability Discovery with Attack Injection

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2010年第3期36卷 357-370页

作者： Antunes, Joao Neves, Nuno Correia, Miguel Verissimo, Paulo Neves, Rui Univ Lisbon Fac Sci P-1749016 Lisbon Portugal Univ Tecn Lisboa Inst Telecomunicacoes Inst Super Tecn P-1049001 Lisbon Portugal

The increasing reliance put on networked computer systems demands higher levels of dependability. This is even more relevant as new threats and forms of attack are constantly being revealed, compromising the security of systems. This paper addresses this problem by presenting an attack injection methodology for the automatic discovery of vulnerabilities in software components. The proposed methodology, implemented in AJECT, follows an approach similar to hackers and security analysts to discover vulnerabilities in network-connected servers. AJECT uses a specification of the server's communication protocol and predefined test case generation algorithms to automatically create a large number of attacks. Then, while it injects these attacks through the network, it monitors the execution of the server in the target system and the responses returned to the clients. The observation of an unexpected behavior suggests the presence of a vulnerability that was triggered by some particular attack (or group of attacks). This attack can then be used to reproduce the anomaly and to assist the removal of the error. To assess the usefulness of this approach, several attack injection campaigns were performed with 16 publicly available POP and IMAP servers. The results show that AJECT could effectively be used to locate vulnerabilities, even on well-known servers tested throughout the years.

关键词： testing and debugging software engineering test design testing tools experimental evaluation fault injection attack injection

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Towards Better Fault Localization: A Crosstab-Based Statistical Approach

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART C-APPLICATIONS AND REVIEWS 2012年第3期42卷 378-396页

作者： Wong, W. Eric Debroy, Vidroha Xu, Dianxiang Univ Texas Dallas Dept Comp Sci Dallas TX 75219 USA Dakota State Univ Dept Comp Sci Madison SD 57042 USA

It is becoming prohibitively expensive and time consuming, as well as tedious and error-prone, to perform debugging manually. Among the debugging activities, fault localization has been one of the most expensive, and therefore, a large number of fault-localization techniques have been proposed over the recent years. This paper presents a crosstab-based statistical technique that makes use of the coverage information of each executable statement and the execution result (success or failure) with respect to each test case to localize faults in an effective and efficient manner. A crosstab is constructed for each executable statement, and a statistic is computed to determine the suspiciousness of the corresponding statement. Statements with a higher suspiciousness are more likely to contain bugs and should be examined before those with a lower suspiciousness. Case studies are performed on both small- (the Siemens and Unix suites) and large-sized programs (space, grep, gzip, and make), and results suggest that the crosstab-based technique (CBT) is more effective (in terms of a smaller percentage of executable statements that have to be examined until the first statement containing the fault is reached) than other techniques, such as Tarantula. Further studies using the Siemens suite reveal that the proposed technique is also more effective at locating faults than other statistically oriented techniques, such as SOBER and Liblit05. Additional experiments evaluate the CBT from other perspectives, such as its efficiency in terms of time taken, its applicability to object-oriented languages (on a very large Java program: Ant), and its sensitivity to test suite size, and demonstrate its superior performance.

关键词： Crosstab debugging aids software fault localization statistical methods testing and debugging

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