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Towards the animation of proofs - testing proofs by examples

THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2002年第1-2期272卷 177-195页

作者： Hayashi, S Sumitomo, R Shii, K Kobe Univ Fac Engn Dept Comp & Syst Engn Kobe Hyogo 6578501 Japan Kobe Univ Grad Sch Sci & Technol Kobe Hyogo 657 Japan

In this paper, we introduce the notion of proof animation, which is a new application of the principle of "Curry-Howard isomorphism" to formal proof development. Logically, proof animation is merely a contrapositive of "proofs as programs", which is an application of Curry-Howard isomorphism to formal program development. Nonetheless, this new perspective is completely different. The motivation, aims, problems, and a prototype tool under development are presented in this paper. We also discuss possibility of "proof engineering" guided by the Curry-Howard isomorphism. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： formal proof developments Curry-Howard isomorphism testing and debugging

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Prioritizing test cases with string distances

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AUTOMATED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2012年第1期19卷 65-95页

作者： Ledru, Yves Petrenko, Alexandre Boroday, Sergiy Mandran, Nadine UJF Grenoble 1 LIG UMR 5217 Grenoble INPCNRSUPMF Grenoble 2 F-38041 Grenoble France Ctr Rech Informat Montreal Montreal PQ H3N 1M3 Canada

Test case prioritisation aims at finding an ordering which enhances a certain property of an ordered test suite. Traditional techniques rely on the availability of code or a specification of the program under test. We propose to use string distances on the text of test cases for their comparison and elaborate a prioritisation algorithm. Such a prioritisation does not require code or a specification and can be useful for initial testing and in cases when code is difficult to instrument. In this paper, we also report on experiments performed on the "Siemens Test Suite", where the proposed prioritisation technique was compared with random permutations and four classical string distance metrics were evaluated. The obtained results, confirmed by a statistical analysis, indicate that prioritisation based on string distances is more efficient in finding defects than random ordering of the test suite: the test suites prioritized using string distances are more efficient in detecting the strongest mutants, and, on average, have a better APFD than randomly ordered test suites. The results suggest that string distances can be used for prioritisation purposes, and Manhattan distance could be the best choice.

关键词： Software engineering testing and debugging testing tools Test case prioritisation String distance

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Developing Computational Thinking Practices in Primary Education. Outcomes from a School-Year Instructional Intervention 3rd

Developing Computational Thinking Practices in Primary Educa...

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3rd International Conference on Technology and Innovation in Learning, Teaching and Education (TECH-EDU)

作者： Vourletsis, Ioannis Politis, Panagiotis Univ Thessaly Dept Primary Educ Volos Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783031229176;9783031229183

Computational Thinking (CT), a problem-solving mental activity primarily dependent on abstraction, is regarded as a critical skill set for 21st-century students. Recent academic debates have led to a general agreement about the definition of Computational Thinking and the broad set of knowledge and skills that encloses, which is categorized into concepts, practices, and perspectives. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of a Computational Thinking-based instructional intervention on the development of primary school students' computational practices. We employed a mixed methods approach and the research sample included 103 primary school students who collaborated in pairs during the regular teaching hour assigned to Information Technology throughout a full school year. Our results suggest that the proposed instructional intervention may enhance students' perceptions of their problem-solving skills. They also show that students' participation in testing and debugging as well as reusing and remixing digital games' code may improve their proficiency level regarding these Computational Thinking practices. Overall, despite its limitations, our study strengthens the hypothesis for the effectiveness of programming to develop primary school students' Computational Thinking.

关键词： Computational Thinking (CT) Visual programming Problem solving testing and debugging Reusing and remixing

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Test Automation for Speech-Based Applications 15

Test Automation for Speech-Based Applications

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15th International Conference on New Trends in Intelligent Software Methodology Tools, and Techniques (SoMeT)

作者： Griebe, Tobias Hesenius, Marc Gesthuesen, Marc Gruhn, Volker Univ Duisburg Essen Paluno Ruhr Inst Software Technol Gerlingstr 16 Essen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781614996743;9781614996736

testing is a crucial activity to maintain high quality standards and achieve long-lasting economic success. However, integrating voice control into apps prevents the use of test automation tools. testing speech-based interaction is still manual work: repetitive, time-consuming, and error-prone. Consequently, a need for specialized software engineering methods exists. We present an approach to test automation for speech-based applications by integrating an audio injection test interface into the Android operating system. Our approach enables developers to integrate voice control into automatically executed user acceptance tests using the Calabash test automation framework.

关键词： testing and debugging Voice Interaction Android

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Investigating the Correlation between Mutation Score and Coverage Score

Investigating the Correlation between Mutation Score and Cov...

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UKSim-AMSS 15th International Conference on Computer Modelling and Simulation (UKSim)

作者： Assylbekov, Berik Gaspar, Erick Uddin, Nasir Egan, Paul Univ Melbourne Dept Comp & Informat Syst Melbourne Vic Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549941;9781467364218

Strong test suites ensure the correctness and quality of software. Coverage and Mutation score are widespread metrics for evaluating the quality of a test suite. Mutation analysis process improves a test suite to obtain higher coverage scores. We investigate the correlation between the mutation score and coverage scores (branch, statement, method and class) based on an open source program with a comprehensive pool of test cases and analyse the result sets using Atlassian Clover[2] and PIT[1]. Our experimental study has shown that mutation analysis can be used to produce quality test cases and to improve coverage scores in a feasible amount of time.

关键词： Coverage Score Mutation Analysis testing Strategies Mutation Score testing and debugging Assertions Unit testing

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Teaching students Property-based testing 40

Teaching students Property-based Testing

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40th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Earle, Clara Benac Fredlund, Lars-Ake Marino, Julio Arts, Thomas Univ Politecn Madrid Babel Grp E-28040 Madrid Spain QuviQ Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781479957958

testing is a crucial aspect of the development of dependable embedded systems, and therefore a significant effort is put into researching and developing efficient testing techniques. However, testing is not normally taught in specific courses at many universities, but rather as a peripheral activity to programming. In this paper, we report on three separate experiences at teaching an advanced testing technique, property-based testing, and a supporting tool, QuviQ QuickCheck, to both undergraduate and master students.

关键词： testing and debugging Computer science education

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Session-Based Recommender Systems for Action Selection in GUI Test Generation 13

Session-Based Recommender Systems for Action Selection in GU...

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13th IEEE International Conference on Software testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)

作者： Nayak, Varun Kraus, Daniel ReTest GmbH Haid & Neu Str 7 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728110752

Test generation at the graphical user interface (GUI) level has proven to be an effective method to reveal faults. When doing so, a test generator has to repeatably decide what action to execute given the current state of the system under test (SUT). This problem of action selection usually involves random choice, which is often referred to as monkey testing. Some approaches leverage other techniques to improve the overall effectiveness, but only a few try to create human-like actions-or even entire action sequences. We have built a novel session-based recommender system that can guide test generation. This allows us to mimic past user behavior, reaching states that require complex interactions. We present preliminary results from an empirical study, where we use GitHub as the SUT. These results show that recommender systems appear to be well-suited for action selection, and that the approach can significantly contribute to the improvement of GUI-based test generation.

关键词： Test generation testing and debugging information filtering

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Simulating the Effect of Test Flakiness on Fault Localization Effectiveness 3

Simulating the Effect of Test Flakiness on Fault Localizatio...

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3rd IEEE International Workshop on Validation, Analysis, and Evolution of Software Tests (VST)

作者： Vancsics, Bela Gergely, Tamas Beszedes, Arpad Univ Szeged Dept Software Engn Szeged Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9781728162713

Test flakiness (non-deterministic behavior of test cases) is an increasingly serious concern in industrial practice. However, there are relatively little research results available that systematically address the analysis and mitigation of this phenomena. The dominant approach to handle flaky tests is still detecting and removing them from automated test executions. However, some reports showed that the amount of flaky test is in many cases so high that we should rather start working on approaches that operate in the presence of flaky tests. In this work, we investigate how test flakiness affects the effectiveness of Spectrum Based Fault Localization (SBFL), a popular class of software Fault Localization (FL), which heavily relies on test case execution outcomes. We performed a simulation based experiment to find out what is the relationship between the level of test flakiness and fault localization effectiveness. Our results could help the users of automated FL methods to understand the implications of flaky tests in this area and to design novel FL algorithms that take into account test flakiness.

关键词： Test flakiness flaky tests fault localization Spectrum-Based Fault Localization testing and debugging

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Property-based testing of JSON based Web Services 21

Property-based Testing of JSON based Web Services

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21st IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS)

作者： Fredlund, Lars-Ake Herranz, Angel Benac Earle, Clara Marino, Julio Univ Politecn Madrid Babel Grp E-28040 Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781479950546

This article describes a systematic approach to testing behavioural aspects of Web Services that communicate using the JSON data format. As a key component, the Quviq QuickCheck property-based testing tool is used to automatically generate a large number of test cases from an abstract description of the service behaviour in the form of a finite state machine. The same behavioural description is also used to decide whether the execution of a test case is successful or not. To generate random JSON data for populating tests we have developed a new library, jsongen, which given a characterisation of the JSON data as a JSON schema, automatically derives a QuickCheck generator which is capable of generating an infinite number of JSON values that validate against the schema.

关键词： Web Services testing and debugging

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Precision Power Measurements of FPGA-MPSoCs 11

Precision Power Measurements of FPGA-MPSoCs

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IEEE 11th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)

作者： Drehmel, Robert Hefele, Markus Tech Univ Berlin Str 17 Juni 135 D-10623 Berlin Germany Tech Univ Munich Arcisstr 21 D-80333 Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665414906

Considering a world of ever-increasing energy requirements and finite resources, power and energy measurements are vitally important. However, in the realm of FPGA-MPSoCs, existing software does not support the exact acquisition of sensor measurements, thereby reducing temporal precision. Here, we present Zodiac, a Linux application for precise power and energy measurements that supports the (IC)-C-2-compatible current and power monitor devices found on modern FPGA-MPSoC evaluation boards. We show that Zodiac transfers samples from sensors with perfect temporal precision. In our simulations, Zodiac was able to handle 7 ((IC)-C-2 Fast-mode)/11 ((IC)-C-2 High-speed) sensors using the RDWR API on a real-time system, and 8 (Fast-mode)/17 (High-speed) sensors using the CYCLIC API on any system, a similar to 14.29% (Fast-mode)/similar to 54.55% (High-speed) increase. Additionally, our results imply that while the impact of RDWR API-call overhead increases with bandwidth, the CYCLIC API allows real-time performance even on busy non-real-time systems without API-call overhead.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays System-on-chip Operating systems Data acquisition Power Management testing and debugging Diagnostics Measurement Techniques Reconfigurable Hardware

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