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tracking algorithms for multi-hexagonal assemblies (2D and 3D)

ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY 2014年 69卷 175-182页

作者： Prabha, Hem Marleau, Guy Hebert, Alain Ecole Polytech Inst Genie Nucl Montreal PQ H3C 3A7 Canada

Background: There has been a continuous effort to design new reactors and study these reactors under different conditions. Some of these reactors have fuel pins arranged in hexagonal pitch. To study these reactors, development of computational methods and computer codes is required. For this purpose, we have developed algorithms to track two dimensional and three dimensional cluster geometries. These algorithms have been implemented in a subprogram HX7, that is implemented in the code DRAGON (Version 3.06F) to compute neutron flux distributions in these systems. Methods: Computation of the neutron flux distribution requires solution of neutron transport equation. While solving this equation, by using Carlvik's method of collision probabilities, computation of tracks in the hexagonal geometries is required. In this paper we present equations that we have developed for the computation of tracks in two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) multi-hexagonal assemblies (with two rotational orientations). These equations have been implemented in a subprogram HX7, to compute tracks in seven hexagonal assemblies. The subprogram HX7 has been implemented in the mcr module of the DRAGON code, where tracks in the pins are computed. Results: The results of our algorithms NXT(+HX7) have been compared with the results obtained by the EXCELT module of DRAGON (Version 3.06F). Conclusions: We find that all the fluxes in 2D and fluxes in the outer pin (3D) are converging to their 3rd decimal places, in both the modules EXCELT and NXT(+HX7). For other regions 3D fluxes, in general, are converging to their first decimal places. To improve convergence of fluxes, we plan to analyze more lattices in future and study some of the reasons behind convergence. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hexagonal assemblies tracking algorithms Neutron fluxes (2D and 3D)

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STABILITY OF RECURSIVE STOCHASTIC tracking algorithms

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SIAM JOURNAL ON CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION 1994年第5期32卷 1195-1225页

作者： GUO, L

First, the paper gives a stability study for the random linear equation x(n+1) = (I - A(n))x(n). It is shown that for a quite general class of random matrices {A(n)} of interest, the stability of such a vector equation can be guaranteed by that of a corresponding scalar linear equation, for which various results are given without requiring stationary or mixing conditions. Then, these results are applied to the main topic of the paper, i.e., to the estimation of time varying parameters in linear stochastic systems, giving a unified stability condition for various tracking algorithms including the standard Kalman filter, least mean squares, and least squares with forgetting factor.

关键词： STOCHASTIC SYSTEMS ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS PARAMETER ESTIMATION tracking algorithms TIME VARYING STABILITY EXCITATION

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Bias phenomenon and compensation in multiple target tracking algorithms

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MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING 2000年第8-9期31卷 147-165页

作者： Hong, L Cong, S Wright State Univ Dept Elect Engn Dayton OH 45435 USA

Bias phenomenon in multiple target tracking has been observed for a long time. This paper is devoted to a study of the bias resulting from the miscorrelation in data association. One result of this paper is a necessary condition for miscorrelation to cause bias. Relying on the necessary condition and a model for data association process, techniques are developed to give general directions for where and how to compensate the bias related to miscorrelation in general tracking algorithms. Case studies on the bias phenomenon in two tracking algorithms, i.e., global nearest neighborhood (GNN) and joint probabilistic data association (JPDA), are launched as a practice of the ideas and results presented in this paper. The outcome of the examples illustrates and strongly supports our results. A discussion of several statistical issues is given in the end of this paper, in which the behavior for the bias in GNN and JPDA is studied. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： tracking algorithms track bias bias compensation miscorrelation data association

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Evaluation of Alpine-Mediterranean precipitation events in convection-permitting regional climate models using a set of tracking algorithms(Nov, 10.1007/s00382-022-06555-z, 2022)

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CLIMATE DYNAMICS 2023年第1-2期61卷 959-959页

作者： Mueller, Sebastian K. Caillaud, Cecile Chan, Steven De Vries, Hylke Bastin, Sophie Berthou, Segolene Brisson, Erwan Demory, Marie-Estelle Feldmann, Hendrik Goergen, Klaus Kartsios, Stergios Lind, Petter Keuler, Klaus Pichelli, Emanuela Raffa, Mario Toelle, Merja H. Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys ICTP Earth Syst Phys ESP Str Costiera 11 I-34100 Friuli Venezia Giulia Italy Univ Toulouse CNRM CNRS Meteo France Newcastle Univ Sch Engn Newcastle Upon Tyne Tyne & Wear England Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI De Bilt Netherlands Inst Pierre Simon Laplace IPSL Guyancourt France Met Off Hadley Ctr MOHC Exeter Devon England Goethe Univ Frankfurt GUF Frankfurt Germany Swiss Fed Inst Technol ETHZ Zurich Switzerland Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT Karlsruhe Germany Forschungszentrum Julich Inst Bioand Geosci IBG 3 FZJ Agrosphere Julich Germany Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki AUTH Thessaloniki Greece Swedish Meteorol & Hydrol Inst SMHI Thessaloniki Greece Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus BTU Cottbus Germany Euromediterranean Ctr Climate Change CMCC Lecce Italy Univ Kassel Kassel Inst Sustainabil Ctr Environm Syst Res CESR Kassel Germany Univ Hohenheim UHOH Stuttgart Germany

We here inter-compare four different tracking algorithms by applying them onto the precipitation fields of an ensemble of convection-permitting regional climate models (cpRCMs) and on high-resolution observational datasets of precipitation. The domain covers the Alps and the northern Mediterranean and thus we here analyse heavy precipitation events, that are renowned for causing hydrological hazards. In this way, this study is both, an inter-comparison of tracking algorithms as well as an evaluation study of cpRCMs in the Lagrangian frame of reference. The tracker inter-comparison is performed by comparison of two case studies as well as of climatologies of cpRCMs and observations. We find that that all of the trackers produce qualitatively equal results concerning characteristic track properties. This means that, despite of quantitative differences, equivalent scientific conclusions would be drawn. This result suggests that all trackers investigated are reliable analysis tools of atmospheric research. With respect to the model ensemble evaluation, we find an encouraging performance of cpRCMs in comparison to radar-based observations. In particular prominent hotspots of heavy precipitation events are well-reproduced by the models. In general most characteristic properties of precipitation events have positive biases. Assuming the under-catchment of precipitation in observations in a domain of such complex orography, this result is to be expected. Only the mean area of tracks is underestimated, while their duration is overestimated. Mean precipitation rate is estimated well, while maximum precipitation rate is overestimated. Furthermore, geometrical and rain volume are overestimated. We find that models overestimate the occurrence of precipitation events over all mountain chains, whereas over plain terrain in summer precipitation events are seen underestimated. This suggests that, despite the convection-permitting resolution, thermally driven thunderstorms are either

关键词： Convection-permitting modelling Heavy precipitation events tracking algorithms

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ASYMPTOTICAL STUDY OF PARAMETER tracking algorithms

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SIAM JOURNAL ON CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION 1995年第1期33卷 323-345页

作者： DELYON, B JUDITSKY, A

This paper addresses the problem of tracking random drifting parameters of a linear regression system. The asymptotic properties of several estimation algorithms in the limit of slow drift are studied. The basic tool is the central limit theorem for a class of stochastic difference equations established under weak conditions on disturbances and observations. The estimates of the rate of convergence obtained in the paper allow the asymptotically optimal algorithms to be developed.

关键词： tracking algorithms STOCHASTIC AVERAGING NORMAL APPROXIMATION

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Simulation of manoeuvring target tracking algorithms using dynamic programming

Simulation of manoeuvring target tracking algorithms using d...

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12th IEEE-SPIE Symposium on Photonics and Web Engineering

作者： Holiczer, A Bialystok Tech Univ Dept Elect Engn PL-15351 Bialystok Poland

The present paper deals with simulation of tracking algorithms. Two target models are considered. All models are based on state equations using Newton matrices in the presence of Gaussian white noise. Simulated algori... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)081945415X

关键词： tracking algorithms Kalman filter estimation filter fault-tolerant system

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Feasibility Analysis in tracking algorithms for Pattern Recognition Through the Lip Articulators

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 138907-138921页

作者： Gomes, Haroldo Limao, Roberto Santos, Adam Fed Univ South & Southeast Para Fac Elect & Comp Engn BR-68507590 Maraba Brazil Fed Univ Para BR-66075110 Belem Para Brazil

Problems in speech and basic emission of vocal sounds are commonly observed in children, however the task of identifying the origin of such disability is complex and prolonged, due to the generic aspect, if by irregular learning or neurobiological disorder, thus causing, in some situations, constant social exclusion. Therefore, it is proposed to use tracking algorithms consolidated in specific literature (ACF, Boosting, MIL, Median Flow, KCF, KLT, CRST) for a feasibility analysis in complex computational implementations in the anatomy of human vocal tract from sagittal images. These algorithms are used for understanding the kinematic configuration of multiple dynamic objects and their movements, represented by the upper and lower lips (consequently the "lip distance" at the moment of speech), using Brazilian Portuguese language, for the extraction and recognition of patterns automatically. The patterns can be used in innovative applications in therapy for children with poor articulation in the vocal tract, based on "gaps" and specific difficulties in speech.

关键词： Lips tracking Speech recognition Heuristic algorithms Speech processing Production tracking algorithms feasibility analysis lip articulators speech recognition of patterns

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Performance analysis of self-organising neural networks tracking algorithms for intake monitoring using kinect

Performance analysis of self-organising neural networks trac...

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IET International Conference on Technologies for Active and Assisted Living (TechAAL)

作者： Samuele Gasparrini Enea Cippitelli Ennio Gambi Susanna Spinsante Francisco Florez-Revuelta Universita Politecnica delle Marche Ancona Marche IT Kingston University Kingston-Upon-Thames London GB

The analysis of intake behaviour is a key factor to understand the health condition of a subject, such as elderly or people affected by diet-related disorders. The technology can be exploited for this purpose to promptly identify anomalous situations. To this end, the point cloud, provided by a depth camera placed on the ceiling in top-down view, is used as input to three self-organising algorithms. The output are three different models that represent the monitored person during intake activities. Starting from these models, the nodes representing the head and the hands are selected. They are useful to identify most of the actions performed by the person while having a meal. In the experimental section, the positions of these nodes are compared with a ground truth and the performance of the proposed algorithms are evaluated in terms of distance error.

关键词： Behaviour Analysis Intake Monitoring Kinect Point Cloud tracking algorithms game player behavioral research algorithms Persons Neural network Ganglia Intake ground truth

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On the FPGA Implementation of tracking algorithms

On the FPGA Implementation of Tracking Algorithms

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Mediterranean Conference on Control & Automation

作者： A. Belaabed Ch. Benbouchama Department of Electronic Ecole Militaire Poly technique Bordj-EI-Bahri 16111 Alger Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9781467325301

Ahstract-This paper presents the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) implementation of tracking algorithms based on the estimation of a moving target status in space. Two Bayesian estimators, Kalman Filter (KF) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), are used to track the targets with several interacting models. Hardware architectures have been proposed for different cases. The targeted circuit was an XC2vlOOO FPGA embedded on the Celoxica RC200 board. A tool was designed with visual C++ to generate automatically FPGA configurations, through the use of Handel-C language. This work was completed with an experimental validation which consists in the real-time tracking of sinusoidal signal.

关键词： FPGA Implementation tracking algorithms tracking algorithms based

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Building the Future of Transportation: A Comprehensive Survey on AV Perception, Localization, and Mapping

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SENSORS 2025年第7期25卷 2004-2004页

作者： Patil, Ashok Kumar Punugupati, Bhargav Gupta, Himanshi Mayur, Niranjan S. Ramesh, Srivatsa Honnavalli, Prasad B. PES Univ Dept Comp Sci Engn Bangalore 560085 India

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) depend on perception, localization, and mapping to interpret their surroundings and navigate safely. This paper reviews existing methodologies and best practices in these domains, focusing on object detection, object tracking, localization techniques, and environmental mapping strategies. In the perception module, we analyze state-of-the-art object detection frameworks, such as You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8), and object tracking algorithms like ByteTrack and BoT-SORT (Boosted SORT). We assess their real-time performance, robustness to occlusions, and suitability for complex urban environments. We examine different approaches for localization, including Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-based localization, camera-based localization, and sensor fusion techniques. These methods enhance positional accuracy, particularly in scenarios where Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are unreliable or unavailable. The mapping section explores Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) techniques and high-definition (HD) maps, discussing their role in creating detailed, real-time environmental representations that enable autonomous navigation. Additionally, we present insights from our testing, evaluating the effectiveness of different perception, localization, and mapping methods in real-world conditions. By summarizing key advancements, challenges, and practical considerations, this paper provides a reference for researchers and developers working on autonomous vehicle perception, localization, and mapping.

关键词： autonomous vehicles object detection tracking algorithms localization mapping SLAM perception module HD maps sensor fusion LiDAR

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