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检索条件"主题词=Transcoding"

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Analysis and transcoding Time Prediction of Online Videos

Analysis and Transcoding Time Prediction of Online Videos

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia

作者： Tewodors Deneke Sébastien Lafond Johan Lilius Åbo Akademi University Finland TUCS - Turku Centre for Computer Science Finland

Today, video content is delivered to a myriad of devices over different communication networks. Video delivery must be adapted to the available bandwidth, screen size, resolution and the decoding capability of the end user devices. In this work we present an approach to predict the transcoding time of a video into another given transcoding parameters and an input video. To obtain enough information on the characteristics of real world online videos and their transcoding parameters needed to model transcoding time, we built a video characteristics dataset, using data collected from a large video-on-demand system, YouTube. The dataset contains a million randomly sampled video instances listing 10 fundamental video characteristics. We report our analysis on the dataset which provides insightful statistics on fundamental online video characteristics that can be further exploited to optimize or model components of a multimedia processing systems. We also present experimental results on transcoding time prediction models, based on support vector machines, linear regression and multi-layer perceptron feed forward artificial neural network.

关键词： Videos transcoding YouTube Bit rate Codecs Predictive models Prediction algorithms

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A hierarchical reliability-driven scheduling for cloud video transcoding

A hierarchical reliability-driven scheduling for cloud video...

引用

International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC)

作者： Chung-Yiwu Han-Yen Yu Jemg-Chen Huang Jiann-Jone Chen National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei TW Electrical Engineering Dept. National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372220

With the prevalence of personal computer devices and the Internet, a multimedia server has to perform video transcoding to serve users under heterogeneous network environments. In this paper, we propose a stability-driven hierarchical scheduling algorithm for the cloud-based video streaming system to speed up the video transcoding process for real-time service applications. The Multi-layer Division of the Max-MCT scheduling algorithm (MDMCT) has been developed to reduce the convoy effect. It helps to coordinate the system operations and dynamically adjust the number of slots so that the cloud cluster-s can finish the process more efficiently. Experimental result-s show that the proposed scheduling control method helps to maintain good system load balancing. The resources utilization of the entire cloud clusters can be maintained at about 98%, and the processing time can be reduced by about 13.4%.

关键词： Cloud-based video transcoding Hierarchical scheduling algorithm Scalable video coding scalable video coding transcoding multimedia servers Operating systems Resource utilization Videotapes Heterogeneous networks SLOT processing time CLOUDS Clouds Control Methods Cloud Clusters Hierarchical

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Does chunk size matter in distributed video transcoding?

Does chunk size matter in distributed video transcoding?

引用

International Workshop on Quality of Service

作者： Mohammad Reza Zakerinasab Mea Wang Department of Computer Science University of Calgary

In recent years, the demand for high quality video streaming services has been growing significantly. Distributed video transcoding in cloud, i.e., re-encoding the source video to best match the capabilities of the network connection and the playback device in cloud and sending each user a tailored version of the video, is a recent solution for fast and high quality video streaming services. In such a transcoding scheme, video is segmented into chunks of equal size and the chunks are distributed among multiple virtual machines for parallel transcoding. The transcoded chunks are then merged together to create the new transcoded video appropriate for playback on specific end-user devices. In this paper, we conduct a performance analysis of the impact of chunk size on coding efficiency and transcoding time. We observe that transcoding with larger chunks leads to better coding efficiency (i.e., lower bitrate) by trading off the transcoding time. The improvement in coding efficiency and the level of trade-off in transcoding time highly depend on the visual similarity among frames of a video sequence. From the analysis, we suggest that for better coding efficiency and faster transcoding, the chunk size should be dynamically adjusted according to the visual similarity.

关键词： Streaming media transcoding Static VAr compensators Cloud computing Visualization Video sequences

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MULTIPASS ENCODING FOR REDUCING PULSING ARTIFACTS IN CLOUD BASED VIDEO transcoding

MULTIPASS ENCODING FOR REDUCING PULSING ARTIFACTS IN CLOUD B...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Yao-Chung Lin Hugh Denman Anil Kokaram Google Inc.

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983407

Low latency video transcoding is an important feature in video sharing platforms. Typically this is achieved by splitting a clip into short segments, followed by parallel encoding of the segments. However, this introduces quality artifacts due to transients in encoder rate control. We present a model for more effectively predicting the behavior of the encoder in each encoding pass, which minimizes this problem. We learn the model using measurements from more than 500 video clips, hence ensuring reliable estimation. Finally, we show that the proposed multipass strategy delivers more stable reconstructed quality for parallel video transcoding frameworks.

关键词： Video transcoding Multipass rate control Videotapes parallel encoding ENCODER transcoding Transient Video sharing

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Costs of a federated and hybrid cloud environment aimed at MapReduce video transcoding

Costs of a federated and hybrid cloud environment aimed at M...

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IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Alfonso Panarello Antonio Celesti Maria Fazio Antonio Puliafito Massimo Villari DICIEAMA University of Messina Messina Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781467371957

In this paper we investigate the applicability of the federation among several Cloud platform, demonstrating that a federated environment provides evident benefits despite the costs for the setup and maintainance of the federation itself. Also, we propose a new solution able to manage resource allocation in federated Clouds where resource requests occur in a dynamic way. We adopt such a solution to setup distributed Hadoop nodes of virtual clusters for the parallel MapReduce processing of large data sets. To increase their capabilities, Cloud Providers establish a federation relationship, making the Hadoop-based Cloud platforms much more performing than in the isolate case, adding a further level of parallelization in service provisioning. The results analyzed in the referece use case, that is a video transcoding using the MapReduce paradigm in a federated fashion, show how the federation costs in terms of delays and overhead are low in comparison with the service provisioning costs, and also highlight how federation makes the offered Cloud service more streamlined and fast.

关键词： Cloud computing Big data transcoding Distributed databases Programming Computational modeling Servers

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Efficient Coding Unit Size Selection for HEVC Downsizing transcoding

Efficient Coding Unit Size Selection for HEVC Downsizing Tra...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems

作者： Viet Anh Nguyen Minh N. Do Advanced Digital Sciences Center (ADSC) Singapore University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983926

This paper presents an efficient method to speed up High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) downsizing transcoding. Specifically, we focus on the coding unit (CU) size selection, one of the most computationally intensive processes in HEVC, to reduce the complexity of the transcoder. The proposed method utilizes the temporal correlation of depth levels among CUs and the continuity of the motion vector field in the precoded video to derive the most probable CU depth ranges and avoid the unnecessary exhaustive CU size search at certain depth levels. Experimental results show the proposed method can reduce the overall transcoding time by about 41% on average while maintaining the similar performance to that obtained by the cascaded re-encoding transcoder.

关键词： transcoding Video coding Complexity theory Correlation Bit rate Streaming media

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Integration of dataflow components within a legacy video transcoding framework

Integration of dataflow components within a legacy video tra...

引用

IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SIPS)

作者： Tewodros Deneke Lionel Morel Sébastien Lafond Johan Lilius Åbo Akademi University Finland TUCS - Turku Centre for Computer Science Finland Inria INSA-Lyon Universite de Lyon France

Recently the RVC-CAL dataflow language has enabled video codecs to be specified in a more natural way than imperative languages by allowing implicit expression of parallelism and side effect freeness. The tools developed for RVC-CAL have also enabled the automatic generation of parallel C code, among others, from dataflow specifications. This paper introduces a new approach allowing the integration of dataflow components within legacy code. The approach makes use of a generic interface definition that allows seamless interaction between I/O components, which are mostly state operations and are best implemented in imperative languages with data processing components which are mostly stateless dataflow operations and are best implemented in dataflow languages. The advantage of the approach is the ease of development by allowing each language to be used on those parts of the application that it is most appropriate for. The functionality of the approach is demonstrated by using the generic interface to add a new dataflow based MPEG and HEVC decoder into the legacy video transcoding library FFmpeg.

关键词： transcoding Programming Parallel processing Decoding Video codecs Libraries

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Adaptive Configuration of Cloud Video transcoding

Adaptive Configuration of Cloud Video Transcoding

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems

作者： Ming Yang Jianfei Cai Weiwen Zhang Yonggang Wen Chuan Heng Foh Nanyang Technological University Singapore University of Surrey Guildford

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983926

Cloud computing is emerging as a new paradigm which enables big data computing, including high quality media processing. However, considering the media dynamics on resource consumption and the QoS criteria, dynamically providing the cloud computing resource to meet the QoS requirements of media processing is not easy. The current cloud computing infrastructure usually employs auto-scaling to dynamically adjust the computing resource allocation, which is typically performed at relatively long time scale and cannot adapt to the dynamic changes of video arrivals or content changes at relatively short time scale. In this paper, we propose to adaptively configure the video transcoding mode to deal with the short-term transcoding QoS and computing resource mismatch problem. We formulate the problem as the one to minimize the output bit-rate with the queue stability constraint, for which we use the Lyapunov optimization framework to solve it. Simulation results show that, compared with the static configuration strategy, the proposed adaptive method achieves smooth transcoding QoS degradation when system load becomes heavier and much better transcoding delay performance.

关键词： transcoding Delays Streaming media Servers Quality of service Bit rate Cloud computing

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Detection of Re-Compression, transcoding and Frame-Deletion for Digital Video Authentication

Detection of Re-Compression, Transcoding and Frame-Deletion ...

引用

International Conference on Recent Advances in Engineering & Computational Sciences

作者： Raahat Devender Singh Naveen Aggarwal Department of Computer Science and Engineering UIET Panjab University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467382540

In the wake of widespread surfeit of inexpensive and user-friendly digital multimedia alteration software, digital images and videos have lost the unparalleled position they once occupied as 'authoritative testament of occurrence of events'. The inherent susceptibility of digital content to malevolent manipulations renders it vulnerable to our skepticism. Establishment of authenticity of digital content is of utmost importance in situations where reliability on fraudulent evidence could have serious consequences. With the intent of tackling a few of the several challenges of the video forensics domain, in this paper we propose a potent DCT coefficient analysis-based forensic technique for reliable detection of re-compression and transcoding in digital videos. This scheme facilitates visually perceptible differentiation between singly-compressed and re-compressed video frames while circumventing the need for undertaking any complicated peak periodicity analysis procedures that are normally associated with traditional DCT-based studies. We also present a unique optical-flow analysis scheme, where, instead of inspecting inconsistencies caused by frame-removal in the entire optical flow sequences of a given video, we focus entirely on the brightness gradient component of this flow. The experiments in this regard substantiate the forensic capabilities of this component and proffer observations conducive to the detection and localization of frame-removal in digital videos. Subjective and quantitative experimentation on a comprehensive dataset under a wide range of experimental set-ups validate the efficacy and resilience of the proposed techniques.

关键词： Video forensics Inter-frame forgery transcoding Recompressions Double-compression Frame deletion Frame-removal

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Dependency-aware distributed video transcoding in the cloud

Dependency-aware distributed video transcoding in the cloud

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Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN)

作者： Mohammad Reza Zakerinasab Mea Wang Department of Computer Science University of Calgary

ISBN: (纸本)9781467367714

To improve the quality of experience of video streaming services, content providers are challenged by the need to prepare videos at different quality levels appropriate to the network infrastructure and device hardware specification. Distributed video transcoding in the cloud has received many research attentions to address this challenge. Such a cloud-based solution segments a video into multiple video chunks and distributes chunks to virtual machines in the cloud for parallel transcoding. However, by inspecting video codec standards, we learn that important inter-dependency among video frames is broken if the video is segmented into fixed-size chunks, which leads to increasing bitrate and transcoding time. In this paper, we propose a distributed video transcoding scheme that exploits dependency among GOPs by preparing video chunks of variable size. Experimental results from real video sequences with diverse visual features show that the proposed transcoding scheme effectively reduces bitrate and transcoding time.

关键词： Streaming media transcoding Cloud computing Static VAr compensators Bit rate Visualization

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