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4th IEEE International Conference on Edge Computing (IEEE EDGE) / IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES)

作者： Xu, Shang Liu, Guizhong Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Informat & Commun Engn Xian Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728182544

Our research proposed a user experience driven multicast video conference algorithm based on MEC. This algorithm was designed to improve the utilization efficiency of network resources while ensuring user requirements and delay constraints. The algorithm is able to use the MEC server in the network as a forwarding node, and builds multicast trees for video transmission, and continually transcodes the video stream according to user requests. In this article, we modeled the problem of constructing a multicast tree capable of video transcoding as a nonlinear integer programming problem, and designed a heuristic algorithm. Amounts of simulation experiments proved that, our algorithm has better performance in terms of end-to-end delay and network resource utilization efciency compared with other algorithms.

关键词： MEC multicast transcoding video conference user experience

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Is the YouTube Animation Algorithm-Friendly? How YouTube's Algorithm Influences the Evolution of Animation Production on the Internet

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ANIMATION-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL 2020年第3期15卷 229-245页

作者： Ribes, Xavier Univ Autonoma Barcelona CAT Barcelona Spain

YouTube has become a great showcase for audiovisual products and a source of income for a number of creators. Several pioneers of internet animation migrated to this platform to provide greater visibility and economic security for their productions. A group of YouTubers, so-called 'Reply Girls', achieved rapid economic benefits by publishing content without any value, neither artistic nor communicative, but that deceived YouTube's remuneration system and prioritization algorithm. To fight this phenomenon, YouTube subsequently applied changes to its prioritization algorithm and monetization plans. In this article, the author examines more than 3,300 videos published by 25 animation channels between 2006 and 2018 with Digital Methods tools to analyse how the changes applied to the platform policies have influenced and shaped the evolution of animation production on the internet.

关键词： digital animation Digital Methods prioritization algorithm Reply Girls streampunks transcoding YouTube

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Evaluation Of Bitrate Ladders For Versatile Video Coder

Evaluation Of Bitrate Ladders For Versatile Video Coder

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IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)

作者： Reda Kaafarani Mederic Blestel Thomas Maugey Michael Ropert Aline Roumy Mediakind France Rennes Inria Rennes France

ISBN: (纸本)9781728173221

Many video service providers take advantage of bitrate ladders in adaptive HTTP video streaming to account for different network states and user display specifications by providing bitrate/resolution pairs that best fit client's network conditions and display capabilities. These bitrate ladders, however, differ when using different codecs and thus the couples bitrate/resolution differ as well. In addition, bitrate ladders are based on previously available codecs (H.264/MPEG4-AVC, HEVC, etc.), i.e. codecs that are already in service, hence the introduction of new codecs e.g. Versatile Video Coding (VVC) requires re-analyzing these ladders. For that matter, we will analyze the evolution of the bitrate ladder when using VVC. We show how VVC impacts this ladder when compared to HEVC and H.264/AVC and in particular, that there is no need to switch to lower resolutions at the lower bitrates defined in the Call for Evidence on transcoding for Network Distributed Video Coding (CfE).

关键词： Performance evaluation Codecs Image resolution Image coding Visual communication Bit rate transcoding

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Design and Implementation of ICN-Based Elastic Function Offloading Network for SFC

Design and Implementation of ICN-Based Elastic Function Offl...

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IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)

作者： Yusaku Hayamizu Kazuhisa Matsuzono Takahiro Hirayama Hitoshi Asaeda National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) Japan

Service Function Chaining (SFC) has been proposed as an enhanced Software-Defined Networking/Network Function Virtualization (SDN/NFV) technology to accommodate the network service requirements of various applications. In particular, the provisioning of network service functions, such as in-network caching, transcoding, and multicasting, improves the Quality of Experience (QoE) of video streaming services and reduces the traffic load. However, these functionalities require high computational resources of the network nodes, and over-provisioning the computational resources causes another problem. In this paper, we propose an elastic Function Offloading Network (FON) for SFC. FON adopts a highly scalable functional call using Information-Centric Networking (ICN) technology and provides valuable functions for common SFC networks. We experimented with FON implementation running on a real SFC network and evaluated the throughput, traffic load, and QoE of the streaming applications. The results show that FON significantly outperforms an existing SFC framework, which does not have any offloading functionality.

关键词： Service function chaining transcoding Telecommunication traffic Streaming media Multicast communication Throughput Routing

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VoIP CODEC assessment and performance evaluation in satellite-based scenarios

VoIP CODEC assessment and performance evaluation in satellit...

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International Symposium on Advanced Electrical and Communication Technologies (ISAECT)

作者： Francesco Zampognaro Renato Aurigemma Walter Munarini University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy EuroSoft s.r.l. Naples Italy Opensky Italia Corso SS. Felice e Fortunato 105 Vicenza Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781665437745

In extreme mobility scenarios, such as onboard of airplanes, ships and trains, connectivity to the Internet is often enabled using satellite communications. The scarce availability and high costs of satellite capacity imply to utilize the available resources in a very efficient way, with the possibility of jeopardizing the quality of associated services. In particular, voice-based applications (i.e., telephony) represent a critical class of real-time services, which can underperform due to the peculiar harsh channel and severe constraints, including possible traffic throttling. The paper describes the analysis, selection, configuration and testing of a software Coder-decoder (CODEC) in the frame of OneTCall project for VoIP services in such constrained use-cases.

关键词： Codecs Satellites transcoding Telephony Throughput Robustness Software

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Low-Complexity HEVC Transrating Based on Prediction Unit Mode Inheritance

Low-Complexity HEVC Transrating Based on Prediction Unit Mod...

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European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

作者： Matheus Lindino Thiago Bubolz Bruno Zatt Daniel Palomino Guilherme Correa Video Technology Research Group (ViTech) Graduate Program in Computing (PPGC) Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Pelotas Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9789082797053

ISBN: (纸本)9781728150017

Video transcoding for bit rate adaptation has become mandatory for over-the-top applications that deliver multimedia content in heterogeneous environments under different network conditions and user capabilities. As transcoding requires sequentially decoding and re-encoding the video bitstream, the computational cost involved in the process is too high, especially when considering current state-of-the-art codecs, such as the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). This work presents a fast HEVC transcoder for bit rate adaptation based on Prediction Unit (PU) mode inheritance, which uses information gathered from the HEVC decoding process to accelerate PU mode decision in the re-encoding process. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an average transrating time reduction of 42% at the cost of a bitrate increase of 0.54%.

关键词： Statistical analysis Bit rate transcoding Streaming media Decoding Complexity theory High efficiency video coding

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Regression or classification? New methods to evaluate no-reference picture and video quality models

Regression or classification? New methods to evaluate no-ref...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

作者： Zhengzhong Tu Chia-Ju Chen Li-Heng Chen Yilin Wang Neil Birkbeck Balu Adsumilli Alan C. Bovik The University of Texas Austin Google Inc.

Video and image quality assessment has long been projected as a regression problem, which requires predicting a continuous quality score given an input stimulus. However, recent efforts have shown that accurate quality score regression on real-world user-generated content (UGC) is a very challenging task. To make the problem more tractable, we propose two new methods - binary, and ordinal classification - as alternatives to evaluate and compare no-reference quality models at coarser levels. Moreover, the proposed new tasks convey more practical meaning on perceptually optimized UGC transcoding, or for preprocessing on media processing platforms. We conduct a comprehensive benchmark experiment of popular no-reference quality models on recent in-the-wild picture and video quality datasets, providing reliable baselines for both evaluation methods to support further studies. We hope this work promotes coarse-grained perceptual modeling and its applications to efficient UGC processing.

关键词： User-generated content transcoding Benchmark testing Signal processing Media Quality assessment Reliability

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Design and Implementation of Audio Encoder Based on Zynq

Design and Implementation of Audio Encoder Based on Zynq

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Information Technology,Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (ICIBA), International Conference on IEEE International Conference on

作者： Sainan Duan Fei Yang School of Information Engineering Communication University of China Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665428781

This experiment uses ZYNQ-7000 series products to design the audio encoder under the local area network to realize the conversion function from audio stream to IP stream. On the ZYNQ platform, it can not only give play to the advantages of FPGA parallel computing, but also have the flexibility of the processor system, which can realize high-speed data acquisition and real-time processing. In this system, the software and hardware coordination method are adopted to realize the continuous cycle generation of data sources on the PL side, and the AXI-DMA IP core is used to store the data in the DDR, and operating system on the PS side reads the data in the DDR and compresses the audio through the FFmpeg library and pushes it to SRS, and finally uses the VLC player to pull the stream to achieve the effects of encoding, pushing and playing. The construction of this system has certain practical significance for the on-demand audio program.

关键词： Codecs TV Operating systems Soft sensors transcoding Streaming media Libraries

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An Enhanced VoIP Codec Transcoder to Enhance VoIP Quality for IP Telephone Infrastructure

An Enhanced VoIP Codec Transcoder to Enhance VoIP Quality fo...

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International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI)

作者： Thubelihle S. Zulu Topside E. Mathonsi Department of Information Technology Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781665458429

Poor VoIP quality in IP telephone infrastructure is a major concern and it can affect business growth, especially to businesses that deal with interacting with a client over the phone. Speech or audio signals are usually affected by codec mismatch, packet loss, and jitter which affect user perception of voice quality. VoIP telephone system is growing at a rapid speed and has received much attention because of their call cost internationally and national and fewer resources needed compared to traditional voice telephone systems or public switched telephone networks. The main aim of this paper is to develop a solution that will provide an enhanced voice quality in VoIP platform systems by implementing the amended VoIP codec transcoding system that auto negotiates VoIP codec with the intention of preventing VoIP codec mismatch via standalone and software VoIP codec transcoding system. An experimental research with technological tools such as SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, asterisk PBX (Private Branch Exchange) systems and SBC (Session Border Control) will be conducted. A practical test will be carried out in any working environment with the converged network in order to test results or findings to solve the problem of codec mismatch with the intention of enhancing Voice quality and avoiding calls dropping issues in IP telephone infrastructure. This paper is introducing an amended VoIP codec transcoding system that auto-negotiate VoIP codec in order to prevent codec mismatch and enhance voice quality hence codec mismatch is not only the major concern for VoIP quality, VoIP quality can be affected by many factors, such as packet loss, jitter, packet delay, and bandwidth but this paper is focusing on the codec mismatch.

关键词： Codecs Protocols Speech coding Packet loss transcoding Switches Jitter

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Countering Audiovisual Content Piracy: A Hybrid Watermarking and Fingerprinting Technology

Countering Audiovisual Content Piracy: A Hybrid Watermarking...

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International Conference on Computing, Engineering, and Design (ICCED)

作者： Houria Kelkoul Youssef Zaz Teddy Mantoro Computer Science Laboratory Ibn Tofail University Kenitra Morroco Computer Science and Systems Engineering Laboratory Abdelmak Esaadi University Tetouan Morroco Sampoerna University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665439978

Protecting the copyright of multimedia content is required to discourage illegal distribution, broadcasting and sharing audiovisual content over the spider web. In this paper a hybrid algorithm is propose which combines the benefits of both fingerprinting and watermarking technologies with the objective to authenticate audio-visual Content copyright in spite of transcoding occurrences including compression and geometrics attacks during sharing and distribution on social media; precisely YouTube, Facebook. In the proposed approach a method to enhance security process of the mentioned social media against the most common attacks is proposed, such as geometric distortion embracing cropping resizing rotation. Moreover, the Proposed algorithm contributes to the limitation of H.264 compression attacks flows. In this paper, the host video is operated following the next steps; first, scene change detection is practiced in order to ensure a preeminent computational complexity. Then a hybrid frequency double transform incorporating Discrete Wavelet and Discreet Cosines is processed alternatively to the selected frames in the aim to perform a peak-signal-to- noise-ratio values with a higher compression ratio. Afterwards video fingerprinting is executed heading for tracing the behavior of the video after being published. Experiment results shows new scores of high robustness and versatility in performance for transcoding and sharing multimedia content legally under YouTube.

关键词： Social networking (online) Watermarking transcoding Transforms Fingerprint recognition Streaming media Feature extraction

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