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IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Kaixuan Long Ying Cui Chencheng Ye Zhi Liu Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shizuoka University Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728109626

ISBN: (纸本)9781728109633

In this paper, we would like to investigate fundamental impacts of multicast opportunities on efficient transmission of a 360 VR video to multiple users in the cases with and without transcoding at each user. We establish a novel mathematical model that reflects the impacts of multicast opportunities on the average transmission energy in both cases and the transcoding energy in the case with user transcoding, and facilitates the optimal exploitation of transcoding-enabled multicast opportunities. In the case without user transcoding, we optimize the transmission resource allocation to minimize the average transmission energy by exploiting natural multicast opportunities. The problem is nonconvex. We transform it to an equivalent convex problem and obtain an optimal solution using standard convex optimization techniques. In the case with user transcoding, we optimize the transmission resource allocation and the transmission quality level selection to minimize the weighted sum of the average transmission energy and the transcoding energy by exploiting both natural and transcoding-enabled multicast opportunities. The problem is a challenging mixed discrete-continuous optimization problem. We transform it to a Difference of Convex (DC) programming problem and obtain a suboptimal solution using a DC algorithm. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the importance of effective exploitation of transcoding-enabled multicast opportunities in the case with user transcoding.

关键词： transcoding Resource management Optimization Transforms Streaming media Servers Convex functions

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A Scalable Cloud-Edge Computing Framework for Supporting Device-Adaptive Big Media Provisioning 18

A Scalable Cloud-Edge Computing Framework for Supporting Dev...

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18th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGrid)

作者： Galletta, Antonino Cuzzocrea, Alfredo Celesti, Antonio Fazio, Maria Villari, Massimo Univ Messina Dept Engn Messina Italy Univ Trieste DIA Dept Trieste Italy ICAR CNR Naples Italy Alma Digit SRL Messina Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781538658154

Nowadays, we are observing an explosion on recording and transmitting of videos from multiple sources such as Social Media (Periscope, Facebook, Youtube etc.) and owner of trains/coaches (Trenitalia-Frecce-Italy, TGV-France, Ryanair-Bus-Travels, etc.). In this paper, we investigate how to support the provisioning of videos to heterogeneous end user devices in different contexts, adapting the content to the specific requirements of the used end devices. In particular, we present a new Cloud-Edge Service for vIdeO delivery (CESIO) architecture, that exploits Cloud and Edge virtual resources to improve the delivery video contents at different quality resolutions. The paper describes architecture components and their behaviour in the system. Moreover, a possible application scenario is discussed to well explain how the proposed solution works.

关键词： Cloud computing Edge computing transcoding FFM-PEG

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Delay-Aware Adaptive Wireless Video Streaming in Edge Computing Assisted Ultra-Dense Networks

Delay-Aware Adaptive Wireless Video Streaming in Edge Comput...

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2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

作者： Liang Li Ronghui Hou Ruoguang Li Hui Li Miao Pan Zhu Han School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University P. R. China Science and Technology on Communication Networks Laboratory School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing P.R.China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX

ISBN: (数字)9781728109626

ISBN: (纸本)9781728109633

Server and Network Assisted Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (SAND) is a promising technology to cope with the dramatic increase in video streaming traffic. The new emerging Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm may further facilitate bitrate adaptation and video transcoding in a SAND system with the help of local edge servers. A critical issue in MEC-SAND framework is to guarantee Quality of Experience (QoE) for clients while achieving efficient utilization of edging network resources. In this paper, we aim to develop an adaptive video delivery scheme to minimize the delay in MEC assisted ultra-dense networks. In our scheme, each client is mapped to a server that better fits its requirements and transmission condition, and a bitrate selection mechanism is exploited to decide the best video version for the client. Besides, time-consuming transcoding tasks are carefully scheduled considering edge computing capacity. We formulate a Mix-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) problem to jointly determine cell association, bitrate adaption, and computing resource allocation. We exploit the generalized Benders decomposition method to reduce the solving complexity of the formulated problem. Numerical results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed scheme.

关键词： Bit rate Servers Streaming media transcoding Delays Quality of experience

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Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)-based Transcoder Selection for Blockchain-Enabled Video Streaming

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)-based Transcoder Selection...

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IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GC Wkshps)

作者： Liu, Mengting Yu, F. Richard Teng, Yinglei Leung, Victor C. M. Song, Mei Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Beijing Key Lab Space Ground Interconnect & Conve Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Carleton Univ Dept Syst & Comp Engn Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada Univ British Columbia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781538649206

Video transcoding has been widely applied in video streaming industry to convert videos into multiple formats for heterogeneous users. To provide fast and reliable transcoding services, some emerging platforms are leveraging blockchain and smart contract technology to build decentralized transcoding hubs with flexible monetization mechanisms, where any users can rent their idle computing resources to become transcoders in order to receive reward. On these blockchain-enabled platforms, transcoder selection together with resource allocation is a crucial but challenging issue, which should maximize the transcoding revenue to motivate the transcoder candidates as well as handling the dynamic quality of service (QoS) requirements and candidates' characteristics. In this paper, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based transcoder selection framework for blockchain-enabled video streaming. Specifically, we propose an evaluation mechanism to facilitate transcoder selection, and design the transcoder selection and resource allocation scheme using the DRL approach. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework.

关键词： transcoding Streaming media Quality of service Resource management Computational modeling Energy consumption Blockchain

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On the Efficiency Difference between Range and Huffman Coding on CELT Layer of Opus Audio Coder 5

On the Efficiency Difference between Range and Huffman Codin...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Taiwan (ICCE-TW)

作者： You, Shingchern D. Lai, Po-Yueh Natl Taipei Univ Technol Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781538663011

This paper compares the coding efficiency between the range coder in the Opus coder and the Huffman coder used in the MP-3 (MPEG-I Layer 3) and MPEG-2 AAC. The results show that the range coder has efficiency advantage of about 9 % at a rate of 128 kbps. The simulation, in a sense, indicates that transcoding from the Opus format to MP-3 or AAC format will lead to quality degradation.

关键词： Speech coding Bit rate Transform coding transcoding Audio coding ISO Standards"

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A Large SMS Corpus in French: From Design and Collation to Anonymisation, transcoding and Analysis

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2013年 95卷 96-104页

作者： Rachel Panckhurst Praxiling UMR 5267 & Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 Route de Mende 34199 Montpellier cedex 5 France

In 2011, 90,000 authentic text messages in French were collected from the general public by academics in the south of France in the context of the sud4science LR project ( http://*** and *** ). This paper retraces the design of the corpus collation, including linking text-message data with usage, before proceeding with a three-step semi- automatic anonymisation process, transcoding of the SMS data into “standardised” French, and an optional linguistic annotation phase. The researchers have started linguistic analyses of language practices and sociolinguistic data contained in the questionnaire. The corpus will be made available for researchers, students and the general public in 2014.

关键词： French SMS corpus design compilation anonymisation transcoding annotation mediated electronic discourse discourse analysis

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OPTIMISING THE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF transcoding RESOURCES

OPTIMISING THE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF TRANSCODING RESOURCE...

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2013 5th IEEE International Conference On Broadband Network & Multimedia Technology

作者： Paul FARROW Martin REED Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex UK

Ultra-high definition video, sometimes termed 4k or 8k video, is likely to become the format for future video services for both home and cinema media However, streaming real-time ultra-high definition

ISBN: (纸本)9781479900961

关键词： transcoding Genetic Algorithm Heuristic Optimization Traffic transcoding Genetic Algorithm (GA) Heuristics Traffic Quality of service problem solver Web resources

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Maintaining image quality on wireless network standard using JPEG2000 transcoding and DWT

Maintaining image quality on wireless network standard using...

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IEEE Symposium on Wireless Technology and Applications (ISWTA)

作者： Shakti Awaghad Sanjay Pokle Dept of Electronics & Communication Engineering G. H. Raisoni College of Engg Nagpur India Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management Nagpur India

transcoding is an inevitable need that is highly required for the current communication system like telemedicine, education, etc. However, it is not devoid of challenges that occur during retrieval end of format incompatibility. Apart from the massive research work in past on designing efficient transcoder architecture, quality of image resolution in wireless media is found to be quite challenging. Hence, this paper presents a novel algorithm that ensures transmission of a quality image file using pre-defined compression ratio and simulated over wireless standards e.g. OFDM. For ensuring quality delivery, the system uses simple and cost effective discrete wavelet transform that can maintain better resolution till the retrieval stage. Continued by quantization and entropy encoding, the system uses the design of JPEG2000 transcoder considering PSNR and BPP as the factor of evaluation.

关键词： transcoding Image coding Transform coding Multimedia communication Discrete wavelet transforms PSNR Streaming media

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A Computation and Storage Trade-off Strategy for Cost-Efficient Video transcoding in the Cloud

A Computation and Storage Trade-off Strategy for Cost-Effici...

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Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Fareed Jokhio Adnan Ashraf Sébastien Lafond Johan Lilius Abo Akademi Abo FI

Video transcoding refers to the process of converting a compressed digital video from one format to another. Since it is a compute-intensive operation, transcoding of a large number of on-demand videos requires a large scale cluster of transcoding servers. Moreover, storage of multiple transcoded versions of each source video requires a large amount of disk space. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) clouds provide virtual machines (VMs) for creating a dynamically scalable cluster of servers. Likewise, a cloud storage service may be used to store a large number of transcoded videos. Moreover, it may be possible to reduce the total IaaS cost by trading storage for computation, or vice versa. In this paper, we present a computation and storage trade-off strategy for cost-efficient video transcoding in the cloud called cost and popularity score based strategy. The proposed strategy estimates computation cost, storage cost, and video popularity of individual transcoded videos and then uses this information to make decisions on how long a video should be stored or how frequently it should be re-transcoded from a given source video. It is demonstrated in a discrete-event simulation and is evaluated in a series of experiments involving semi synthetic and realistic load patterns.

关键词： Streaming media transcoding Servers Cloud computing Computational modeling High definition video Mobile communication

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Complexity scalable H.264/AVC-to-SVC transcoding

Complexity scalable H.264/AVC-to-SVC transcoding

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

作者： Sebastiaan Van Leuven Jan De Cock Glenn Van Wallendael Rosario Garrido-Cantos Rik Van de Walle Multimedia Laboratory Department of Electronics and Information Systems Ghent University-IBBT Ledeberg-Ghent Belgium Albacete Research Institute of Informatics University of Castilla-La Mancha Albacete Spain

transcoding techniques require a high complexity and reduce the video quality with every transcoding step. When transcoding an input bitstream to scalable video coding (SVC), only one adaptation step is required and a scaled bitstream is extractable afterwards. To reduce the H.264/AVC-to-SVC transcoding complexity, we propose a transcoding architecture which combines optimized closed- and open-loop transcoding techniques. This transcoder scales the complexity depending on the available resources. Relative to a cascaded decoder-encoder the complexity can be reduced by 99.28%, while a high rate distortion efficiency is maintained and a high degree of scalability guaranteed.

关键词： transcoding Complexity theory Video coding Static VAr compensators Bit rate Scalability Streaming media

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