The recently developed video compression standard, H.264/AVC surpasses the performance of previous video standards, such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4(part2), and H.263 and is therefore expected to be selected as the video standa...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424459421
The recently developed video compression standard, H.264/AVC surpasses the performance of previous video standards, such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4(part2), and H.263 and is therefore expected to be selected as the video standard for most digital video applications. The widely distributed infrastructure, however, continues to use the previous standards. Heterogeneous video transcoding offers a significant key to the resolution of this problem. This paper suggests a new algorithm for H.264/AVC to MPEG-2 transcoding that uses motion vector clustering to reduce the computation time with no loss of quality. Such a clustering method can reduce the number of candidate motion vectors that are gathered during the H.264 decoding stage. These candidate motion vectors consider the correlation between the direction and distance of the motion vectors in the variable blocks in H.264/AVC. The candidate motion vector that has the least distortion is then selected in the MPEG-2 encoder. The MPEG-2 encoder can therefore use the best motion vector without carrying out computations for motion estimation. The experimental results show that the proposed method can maintain a good level of video quality while reducing the computational complexity by a considerable 64%, on average, compared to a cascade transcoder.
Conventional television services have been increasingly challenged by the more interactive and user-centric video sharing applications. With the growing popularity of social networks and video services, users are beco...
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Conventional television services have been increasingly challenged by the more interactive and user-centric video sharing applications. With the growing popularity of social networks and video services, users are becoming the editors and broadcasters of their own stories. User-generated video content, which provides unique perspectives from individuals, is likely to be the new medium to complement professional broadcast TV for story sharing, especially in user communities of specific interest. We have developed Storisphere to provide a web-based collaborative video content workspace for members of a community to compose and share video stories, using desktop or mobile devices. Storisphere is currently being evaluated for video storytelling by various user communities.
Wyner-Ziv (WZ) to scalable video coding (SVC) transcoding can offer a suitable framework to support scalable video communications between low-cost devices. In addition, the video delivery provided by SVC covers the ne...
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Wyner-Ziv (WZ) to scalable video coding (SVC) transcoding can offer a suitable framework to support scalable video communications between low-cost devices. In addition, the video delivery provided by SVC covers the needs of a wide range of homogeneous networks and different devices. Despite the advantages of the video transcoding framework, the transcoder accumulates high complexity and it must be reduced in order to avoid excessive delays in communication. In this article, an approach for WZ to SVC transcoding is presented. The information generated during the first stage is reused during the second one, and as a consequence the time taken by the transcoding is reduced by around 77.77%, with a negligible rate-distortion penalty.
transcoding is commonly used in media servers to adapt video bitstreams to capabilities and specifications of the receiving playback devices or the transmission network channel in between. Primary adjustments are done...
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transcoding is commonly used in media servers to adapt video bitstreams to capabilities and specifications of the receiving playback devices or the transmission network channel in between. Primary adjustments are done on the video format, the resolution and the bitrate. In this paper we propose utilizing transcoding as a means of converting a regular standard video bitstream to a standard video bitstream that is also aware of power-reliability characteristics of the target decoder device with main focus on process variabilities within the on-chip decoder reference buffer memory. More specifically we introduce an H.264 video transcoding scheme in which the bitstream generated by transcoder is tolerant to defective SRAM cells that reside in the decoder reference buffer. Such error aware scheme allows for voltage scaling on decoder reference buffer in the presence of process variation and can result in significant power reduction considering the increasing power share of memories on SoCs. Our estimate shows this scheme can manage to realize about 40% power saving on decoder devices (in 32 nm) while preserving the decoded video quality and the bitrate of the bitstream.
This paper presents a report of a system that delivers customized video content to mobile devices. Constructed from open source components, it can stream transcoded video to mobile devices in real-time. In addition, i...
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This paper presents a report of a system that delivers customized video content to mobile devices. Constructed from open source components, it can stream transcoded video to mobile devices in real-time. In addition, it allows publishers to add content into their video streams on-the-fly. As a demonstration of this system's capabilities, an application was designed to deliver transcoded Adobe Flash content to Apple iPhones in real-time with the insertion of randomly selected commercial content.
In this paper, we present a fast mode decision method for transcoding pre-encoded H.264 video to a lower resolution. The algorithm reduces the computational load of the mode decision process during transcoding by adap...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424443147
In this paper, we present a fast mode decision method for transcoding pre-encoded H.264 video to a lower resolution. The algorithm reduces the computational load of the mode decision process during transcoding by adaptively considering information from the residual of the pre-encoded video and some intermediate results obtained in the re-encoding process. A performance improvement of 37% has been achieved compared to the best existing downscaling transcoding process known as the area-weighted vector median filter (AWVM).
This paper proposes an efficient inter/intra mode decision for H.264/AVC frame-skipping transcoding. In the proposed algorithm, all information including mode, motion vector etc. are reused when the selected best fram...
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This paper proposes an efficient inter/intra mode decision for H.264/AVC frame-skipping transcoding. In the proposed algorithm, all information including mode, motion vector etc. are reused when the selected best frame is not skipped; while an efficient mode decision is employed when the best frame is dropped. The experimental results reveal that average 70% of computation time can be saved for the proposed H.264 frame-skipping transcoding algorithm, when compared with fully decoding/encoding procedure. The degradation in the rate-distortion performance is fairly small.
Video encryption techniques enable applications like digital rights management and video scrambling. Applying encryption on the entire video stream can be computationally costly and prevents advanced video modificatio...
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Video encryption techniques enable applications like digital rights management and video scrambling. Applying encryption on the entire video stream can be computationally costly and prevents advanced video modifications by an untrusted middlebox in the network, like splicing, quality monitoring, watermarking, and transcoding. Therefore, encryption techniques are proposed which influence a small amount of the video stream while keeping the video compliant with its compression standard, High Efficiency Video Coding. Encryption while guaranteeing standard compliance can cause degraded compression efficiency, so depending on their bitrate impact, a selection of encrypted syntax elements should be made. Each element also impacts the quality for untrusted decoders differently, so this aspect should also be considered. In this paper, multiple techniques for partial video encryption are investigated, most of them having a low impact on rate-distortion performance and having a broad range in scrambling performance(1).
IP Television (IPTV) is a new service that is growing up very quick in recent years. Its implementation is performed as a Triple-Play service, being the integration of voice, high-speed data and television. Moreover, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424459278
IP Television (IPTV) is a new service that is growing up very quick in recent years. Its implementation is performed as a Triple-Play service, being the integration of voice, high-speed data and television. Moreover, the network traffic has been increased due to the use of VoIP, video or P2P. It is also creating congestion problems to the network provider and has high impact on the quality of IPTV. For this reason, it is necessary to provide tools in order to reduce the congestion and provide the maximum Quality of Experience to the customers. In this paper we analyze the bandwidth used by a movie and we propose a video transcoder as a tool to control the congestion in IPTV networks. The results obtained are similar to the traffic shaping. The measurements obtained in our test bench shows that a video transcoder can be used to guarantee a certain QoE, in the presence of congestion.
Receiving Internet streaming services on various mobile devices is getting increasingly popular, and cloud platforms have also been gradually employed for delivering streaming services to mobile devices. While a numbe...
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Receiving Internet streaming services on various mobile devices is getting increasingly popular, and cloud platforms have also been gradually employed for delivering streaming services to mobile devices. While a number of studies have been conducted at the client side to understand and characterize Internet mobile streaming delivery, little is known about the server side, particularly for the recent cloud-based Internet mobile streaming delivery. In this work, we aim to investigate the Internet mobile streaming service at the server side. For this purpose, we have collected a 4-month server-side log on the cloud (with 1,002 TB delivered video traffic) from a top Internet mobile streaming service provider serving worldwide mobile users. Through trace analysis, we find that 1) a major challenge for providing Internet mobile streaming services is rooted from the mobile device hardware and software heterogeneity. In this workload, we find over 3,400 different hardware models with more than 100 different screen resolutions running 14 different mobile OS and three audio codecs and four video codecs. 2) To deal with the device heterogeneity, CPU-intensive transcoding is used on the cloud to customize the video to the appropriate versions at runtime for different devices. A video clip could be transcoded into more than 40 different versions to serve requests from different devices. 3) Compared to videos in traditional Internet streaming, mobile streaming videos are typically of much smaller size (a median of 1.68 MBytes) and shorter duration (a median of 2.7 minutes). Furthermore, the daily mobile user accesses are more skewed following a Zipf-like distribution but users' interests also quickly shift. Considering the huge demand of CPU cycles for online transcoding, we further examine server-side caching to reduce the total CPU cycle demand from the cloud. We show that a policy considering different versions of a video altogether outperforms other intuitive ones when the ca
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