The World Wide Web (Web) is a visually complex, dynamic, multimedia system that can be inaccessible to people with visual impairments. SADIe uses semantic annotations of a Web site's Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) to...
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The World Wide Web (Web) is a visually complex, dynamic, multimedia system that can be inaccessible to people with visual impairments. SADIe uses semantic annotations of a Web site's Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) to drive a transformation process that can improve access to content for visually impaired users. The original process of annotating the CSS involved the use of an upper ontology, extended by a site specific lower ontology. While this approach provided rich annotation of the CSS terms, experience suggests that components within the model were inappropriate for the interactive system we were developing. This experience has led to a more pragmatic approach that still provides the necessary semantics required to drive the SADIe transcoding tool, but in a more lightweight manner. This paper describes the lessons learnt from building the ontological models for the SADIe platform, highlighting pitfalls that developers of ontologies in interactive systems should be wary of.
In this paper, the DCT coefficients from the MPEG-2 decoder are used for the intra mode decision of H.264/AVC encoder. Based on the spatial activity analysis with the coefficients, early mode decision method between I...
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In this paper, the DCT coefficients from the MPEG-2 decoder are used for the intra mode decision of H.264/AVC encoder. Based on the spatial activity analysis with the coefficients, early mode decision method between Intra16times16 and Intra4times4 modes and the Intra prediction direction are proposed. The empirical results show that the proposed method reduces about 70% computational complexity reduction compared with conventional method at the slight reduction in PSNR.
Despite the similarities between DVB-MHP based Interactive TV and the new Blu-ray format, there still there exist substantial differences that make the two systems incompatible. In this paper we analyze the difference...
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Despite the similarities between DVB-MHP based Interactive TV and the new Blu-ray format, there still there exist substantial differences that make the two systems incompatible. In this paper we analyze the differences in both formats and propose a scheme to convert live broadcast interactive TV to the Blu-ray player system.
More and more, multimedia services are being accessed via fixed and mobile networks. These services are typically much more sensitive to packet loss, delay and/or congestion than traditional services. In particular, m...
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More and more, multimedia services are being accessed via fixed and mobile networks. These services are typically much more sensitive to packet loss, delay and/or congestion than traditional services. In particular, multimedia data is often time critical and, as a result, network issues are not well tolerated and significantly deteriorate the userpsilas quality of experience (QoE). We therefore propose a QoE optimization platform that is able to mitigate problems that might occur at any location in the delivery path from service provider to customer. More specifically, the distributed architecture supports overlay routing to circumvent erratic parts of the network core. In addition, it comprises proxy components that realize last mile optimization through automatic bandwidth management and the application of processing on multimedia flows. In this paper we introduce a transcoding service for this proxy component which enables the transformation of H.264/AVC video flows to an arbitrary bit rate. Through representative experimental results, we illustrate how this addition enhances the QoE optimization capabilities of the proposed platform by allowing the proxy component to compute more flexible and effective bandwidth distributions.
A mobile content management and application deployment framework is introduced enabling the measurement of user behavior with respect to various mobile multimedia contents, and the optimization of mobile user interfac...
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A mobile content management and application deployment framework is introduced enabling the measurement of user behavior with respect to various mobile multimedia contents, and the optimization of mobile user interface and application design.
This article presents the results of studies on the effects of multiple transcoding operations in the case of GSM standards. Differences between the MFCC coefficients, obtained by successive transcoding were considere...
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This article presents the results of studies on the effects of multiple transcoding operations in the case of GSM standards. Differences between the MFCC coefficients, obtained by successive transcoding were considered. The aim of comparisons is to check the possibility for separation and detection of the used GSM encoder. During the research we used the TIMIT database recordings, transcoded four times by the GSM codecs. A possibility of separation was analyzed between the curvilinear approximations of the MFCC coefficients errors.
Mobile multimedia contents have been introduced in the market and their demand is growing every day due to the increasing number of mobile devices and the possibility to watch them at any moment in any place. These mu...
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Mobile multimedia contents have been introduced in the market and their demand is growing every day due to the increasing number of mobile devices and the possibility to watch them at any moment in any place. These multimedia contents are delivered over different networks that are visualized in mobile terminals with heterogeneous characteristics. To ensure a continuous high quality it is desirable that this multimedia content can be adapted on-the-fly to the transmission constraints and the characteristics of the mobile devices. In general, video contents are compressed to save storage capacity and to reduce the bandwidth required for its transmission. Therefore, if these compressed video streams were compressed using scalable video coding schemes, they would be able to adapt to those heterogeneous networks and a wide range of terminals. Since the majority of the multimedia contents are compressed using H.264/AVC, they cannot benefit from that scalability. This paper proposes a technique to convert an H.264/AVC bitstream without scalability to a scalable bitstream with temporal scalability as part of a framework for low-complexity video adaptation for mobile environments. The results show that when our technique is applied, the complexity is reduced by 82% while maintaining coding efficiency.
Video streaming is considered as one of the most important and challenging applications for next generation cellular networks. Current infrastructures are not prepared to deal with the increasing amount of video traff...
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Video streaming is considered as one of the most important and challenging applications for next generation cellular networks. Current infrastructures are not prepared to deal with the increasing amount of video traffic. The current Internet, and in particular the mobile Internet, was not designed with video requirements in mind and, as a consequence, its architecture is very inefficient for handling video traffic. Enhancements are needed to cater for improved Quality of Experience (QoE) and improved reliability in a mobile network. In this paper we design a novel dynamic transport architecture for next generation mobile networks adapted to video service requirements. Its main novelty is the transport optimization of video delivery that is achieved through a QoE oriented redesign of networking mechanisms as well as the integration of Content Delivery Networks (CDN) techniques.
This paper presents a reconfigurable entropy encoder for real time adaptation of multi-standard compressed video stream. The proposed architecture is based on partial and dynamic reconfiguration. Static and dynamic wr...
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This paper presents a reconfigurable entropy encoder for real time adaptation of multi-standard compressed video stream. The proposed architecture is based on partial and dynamic reconfiguration. Static and dynamic wrappers are defined to encapsulate different types of entropy coders. A partitioning of reconfigurable area is also presented aiming at the optimization of reconfiguration overhead. The obtained results show a significant gain in silicon area compared to a solution without reconfiguration and a significant gain in reconfiguration time.
Today's omnipresent demand for access to multimedia content via diverse devices places new challenges on efficient content delivery. While the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) extension of Advanced Video Coding (AVC) h...
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Today's omnipresent demand for access to multimedia content via diverse devices places new challenges on efficient content delivery. While the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) extension of Advanced Video Coding (AVC) has proven to be a useful tool for the advanced delivery of video content, it has not yet found major adoption in practice. This paper introduces the concept of SVC tunneling developed in the EU FP7 ALICANTE project, which attempts to provide device-independent access to media resources at reduced network load. For SVC tunneling, video transcoding is performed at the ingress/egress points of the network, which may impact the video quality. We show that the quality impact of these transcoding steps for a transcoding chain from MPEG-2 to SVC and back to MPEG-2 accumulates to a PSNR reduction of up to 2.1 dB for transcoding at fixed target bitrates. We also discuss research challenges and open issues in SVC tunneling.
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