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检索条件"主题词=Transform coding"

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Perceptually and statistically decorrelated features for image representation: application to transform coding

Perceptually and statistically decorrelated features for ima...

引用

International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： J. Malo F. Ferri R. Navarro R. Valerio Department d'Òptica Universitat de València Burjassot Spain Department d'Informàtica Universitat de València Burjassot Spain CSIC Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0769507506

transform coding consists of a scalar quantization of the features of an image representation. These features should be independent enough to justify the scalar approach. The coefficients of the commonly used DCT representation still show some dependence that may reduce its efficiency. In this work, a perceptually inspired nonlinear transform is used to map the DCT into a new representation that largely reduces the statistical and perceptual relations between the coefficients thus improving the compression performance.

关键词： Decorrelation Image representation Image coding Discrete cosine transforms Covariance matrix transform coding Quantization Image processing Principal component analysis Humans

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A modified adaptive transform coding scheme with post-processing-enhancement

A modified adaptive transform coding scheme with post-proces...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： J. Tribolet R. Crochiere Bell Laboratories Murray Hill New Jersey Bell Laboratories Murray Hill NJ USA

The purpose of this paper is to describe a scheme for low-bit-rate transmission of speech. The scheme consists of a cascade of a codec with a post-processor. The codec is based on a modified version of the LPC Vocoder Driven Adaptive transform coding algorithm. The Post-Processor performs a short-time Fourier analysis/synthesis at the receiver output and, by exploring the known structure of the quantization noise introduced by the codec, it is capable of speech enhancement. The performance of this scheme will be demonstrated at 9.6 kb/s and at 7.2 kb/s.

关键词： transform coding Frequency Bandwidth Power harmonic filters Linear predictive coding Vocoders Transmitters Bit rate Speech enhancement Discrete cosine transforms

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High-quality audio transform coding at 128 kbits/s

High-quality audio transform coding at 128 kbits/s

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： G. Davidson L. Fielder M. Antill Dolby Laboratories Inc. San Francisco CA USA

An approach to wideband digital audio compression of CD-quality signals at data rates of 128 kb/s channel and below is presented. A form of adaptive transform coding, this technique features a nonuniform frequency division and coding scheme to exploit known characteristics of human perception. The algorithm has low computational complexity and can be adapted for use at other bit rates. A windowed overlap-add process is used with the forward/inverse transforms, which have been efficiently implemented using FFTs. transform coefficients are converted into a subband block-companded format consisting of exponent words and associated mantissas, which are then coded with an adaptive quantizer. A real-time, single-chip programmable digital signal processing (DSP) implementation encodes 480-kHz-sampled stereo audio signals at a variety of bit rates. At 128 kb/s, the coder's subjective performance is appropriate for highest-quality 15-kHz professional audio applications.< >

关键词： transform coding Bit rate Digital signal processing Wideband Audio compression Frequency conversion Humans Signal processing algorithms Computational complexity Flexible printed circuits

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Low bit rate transform coding for SAR raw data compression

Low bit rate transform coding for SAR raw data compression

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IEEE National Conference on Radar

作者： V. Pascazio G. Schirinzi I.D. Buttarello ITTOEM Istituto Universitario Navale Napoli Italy IRECE-CNR Napoli Italy DAEIIMI Universitá di Cassino Cassino Italy Aeronautica Militare Italiana-Poligono Sperimentale Interforze Perdasdefogu Italy

In SAR applications huge amounts of data are collected and stored, and must be transmitted to the ground to be processed and archived. Then, appropriate techniques, which enable storage requirements and transmission bit stream reduction, have to be developed. In this paper we present a new approach for SAR raw data compression, based on a low bit rate transform coding technique, using wavelet transform and a non-uniform quantizer. Numerical experiments on ERS-1 data show that the presented method allows to reach better results respect to other techniques already applied to SAR raw data compression.

关键词： Bit rate transform coding Data compression Image coding Synthetic aperture radar Wavelet transforms Vector quantization Radar imaging Statistics Binary sequences

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Image Compression Using Generic Vector Quantizer Designed Using transform coding: The Quality Analysis Perspective

Image Compression Using Generic Vector Quantizer Designed Us...

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International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering, ICCEE

作者： Yogesh H. Dandawate Shreenivas N. Londhe Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Pune India Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Pune India

This paper presents a novel idea of designing codebook named as generic codebook and generic codebook with error for compression of gray images. The codevectors are generated by evaluating the characteristics of the specific image sub samples, which are determined through rigorous mathematical operations and training the selected samples by Kohonen's self organizing feature map (SOFM) artificial neural network with adjustable learning rate and initializations conditions. The testing is done with variety of images, especially high frequency images. The codebooks are also designed by applying discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to the code vectors of generic codebook. The images are compressed using DCT and DWT based codebooks. The compression performance is evaluated by using objective and subjective quality measures. Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is widely used measure for determining the quality, which is deceptive many times, other quality measures such as image fidelity, mean structural similarity index (HVS based) spatial frequency measure (SFM) and spectral activity measure (SAM) which deal with spectral activity and coding complexity are also used along with PSNR. The quality is also determined using no reference quality measure called score. Finally, the performance of three vector quantizers with error are compared based on quality analysis, coding complexity and hardware implementation.

关键词： Image coding transform coding Image analysis Discrete wavelet transforms Frequency measurement Noise measurement Discrete cosine transforms PSNR Character generation Organizing

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Weighted universal transform coding: universal image compression with the Karhunen-Loeve transform

Weighted universal transform coding: universal image compres...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： M. Effros P.A. Chou Department of Electrical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Xerox Palo Alto Research Center Palo Alto CA USA

We introduce a two-stage universal transform code for image compression. The code combines Karhunen-Loeve transform coding with weighted universal bit allocation (WUBA) in a two-stage algorithm analogous to the algorithm for weighted universal vector quantization (WUVQ). The encoder uses a collection of transform/bit allocation pairs rather than a single transform/bit allocation pair (as in JPEG) or a single transform with a variety of bit allocations (as in WUBA). We describe both an encoding algorithm for achieving optimal compression using a collection of transform/bit allocation pairs and a technique for designing locally optimal collections of transform/bit allocation pairs. We demonstrate the performance using the mean squared error distortion measure. On a sequence of combined text and gray scale images, the algorithm achieves up to a 2 dB improvement over a JPEG style coder using the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and an optimal collection of bit allocations, up to a 3 dB improvement over a JPEG style coder using the DCT and a single (optimal) bit allocation, up to 6 dB over an entropy constrained WUVQ with first- and second-stage vector dimensions equal to 16 and 4 respectively, and up to a 10 dB improvement over an entropy constrained vector quantizer (ECVQ) with a vector dimension of 4.

关键词： transform coding Image coding Bit rate Discrete cosine transforms Entropy Karhunen-Loeve transforms Vector quantization Algorithm design and analysis Discrete transforms Distortion measurement

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Robust causal transform coding for LQG systems with delay loss in communications

Robust causal transform coding for LQG systems with delay lo...

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American Control Conference

作者： Mohammad Kazem Izadinasab Amir Homayoun Bahari Sani Farshad Lahouti Babak Hassibi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Iran Department of Electrical Engineering California Institute of Technology United States of America

ISBN: (纸本)9781467386838

A networked controlled system (NCS) in which the plant communicates to the controller over a channel with random delay loss is considered. The channel model is motivated by recent development of tree codes for NCS, which effectively translates an erasure channel to one with random delay. A causal transform coding scheme is presented which exploits the plant state memory for efficient communications (compression) and provides robustness to channel delay loss. In this setting, we analyze the performance of linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) closed-loop systems and the design of the optimal controller. The design of the transform code for LQG systems is posed as a channel optimized source coding problem of minimizing a weighted mean squared error over the channel. The solution is characterized in two steps of obtaining the optimized causal encoding and decoding transforms and rate allocation across a set of transform coding quantizers. Numerical and simulation results for Gauss-Markov sources and an LQG system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

关键词： Decoding Delays transforms transform coding Encoding Robustness Quantization (signal) transform coding transform DEcoding delay Communication Research erasure channel channel model Robustness Induction loop systems

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Multiple Description transform coding: A New Design Approach

Multiple Description Transform Coding: A New Design Approach

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Bing Zeng Shuyuan Zhu Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong China

Multiple-description coding (MDC) is an effective technique to support error-prone transmission in the scenario of multiple channels. Typically, an MDC is designed in the DCT domain where a pair-wise correlating transform (PCT) or some generalized version is further applied to some DCT coefficients of each image block. Although these correlating transforms offer a freedom of compromising the overall coding quality and the redundancy, none of them can be made optimal after taking into consideration the quantization characteristics. In this paper, we present a new design approach in which we will do a novel grouping of all DCT coefficients (not necessarily pair-wise) such that the distortion measured on some specified pixels within each image block is minimized. An interesting property of this new MDC design is that, when all descriptions are received, it provides a coding quality that becomes higher than the target quality set in the corresponding single-description coding (SDC) design.

关键词： transform coding Discrete cosine transforms Redundancy Quantization Image reconstruction Design engineering Computer errors Distortion measurement Pixel Image quality

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Impact on visual aspect and classification performance of 3D transform coding techniques

Impact on visual aspect and classification performance of 3D...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： C. Perra L. Atzori F.G.B. De Natale DIEE University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy DICA University of Trento Trento Italy

Three dimensional transform coding is widely diffused for the compression of multispectral (MS) remotely sensed (RS) images. Two steps are performed in sequence to achieve spectral and spatial decorrelation: first, original data is mapped in the Karhunen-Loeve transformed domain, then a common compression technique (e.g., DCT, VQ, Wavelets) is applied to the "principal components" to reduce spatial correlation. In this paper, on the basis of theoretic considerations and of a large number of tests carried out on MS image data (Airborne-TM) the authors show that the combination of KLT and standard JPEG, in front of an improvement by the visual standpoint can lower classification performance.

关键词： transform coding Image coding Karhunen-Loeve transforms Decorrelation Discrete cosine transforms Testing Degradation Compaction Pixel Wavelet domain

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Multi-Rate Adaptive transform coding for Video Compression

Multi-Rate Adaptive Transform Coding for Video Compression

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Lyndon R. Duong Bohan Li Cheng Chen Jingning Han Center for Neural Science NYU New York NY USA Open Codecs Google LLC Mountain View CA USA

Contemporary lossy image and video coding standards rely on transform coding, the process through which pixels are mapped to an alternative representation to facilitate efficient data compression. Despite impressive performance of end-to-end optimized compression with deep neural networks, the high computational and space demands of these models has prevented them from superseding the relatively simple transform coding found in conventional video codecs. In this study, we propose learned transforms and entropy coding that may either serve as (non)linear drop-in replacements, or enhancements for linear transforms in existing codecs. These transforms can be multi-rate, allowing a single model to operate along the entire rate-distortion curve. To demonstrate the utility of our framework, we augmented the DCT with learned quantization matrices and adaptive entropy coding to compress intra-frame AV1 block prediction residuals. We report substantial BD-rate and perceptual quality improvements over more complex nonlinear transforms at a fraction of the computational cost.

关键词： Video coding Quantization (signal) Computational modeling transform coding transforms Video compression Entropy coding

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