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Towards Age-Optimal Transmission in Satellite-Integrated IoT: A two-layer coding Approach

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2023年第1期72卷 1137-1148页

作者： Li, Dongqing Wu, Shaohua Jiao, Jian Zhang, Ning Zhang, Qinyu Harbin Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Dept Elect Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Univ Windsor Dept Elect & Comp Engn Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada

To support the emergent freshness-critical applications in the satellite-integrated IoT, information must be transmitted timely and reliably. A significant limitation of the upcoming satellite-integrated IoT era is the non-trivial propagation latency because of long-distance communication. To realize timely information delivery, the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) strategy with frequent feedback is not fit anymore, since the reliability of the HARQ strategy needs multiple retransmission of the obsolete packets, which inevitably result in information staleness in the satellite-integrated IoT. In this paper, we design a two-layer coding strategy that uses error-correction codes within each packet in the physical-layer (PHY) and erasure-correction codes across the packets in the packet-layer. Then, we formulate an AoI-optimal redundancy-allocation problem to find the redundancy compromise between error-correction codes and erasure-correction codes. By solving the redundancy-allocation problem for the designed two-layer coding strategy, we derive explicit expressions of the AoI-optimal two-layer coding rates. Inspired by this, we explore the optimal reliability of the physical channel. Numerical results and analysis prove that making the physical channel suitably unreliable is beneficial to the timeliness of the system. And the simulation results indicate that the combination of erasure-correction codes and relative lossy error-correction codes achieves AoI-improvement over the ultra-reliable PHY-only coding scheme. The simulation results also show that the choice of AoI-optimal coding rates depends heavily on the channel characteristics, such as the signal-to-noise ratio, fade duration and channel fading parameters.

关键词： Codes Receivers Fading channels Redundancy Decoding Simulation Error correction codes Age of information two-layer coding error-correction and erasure-correction codes redundancy-allocation

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RATE-DISTORTION EVALUATION FOR two-layer coding SYSTEMS

RATE-DISTORTION EVALUATION FOR TWO-LAYER CODING SYSTEMS

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Hanhart, Philippe Ebrahimi, Touradj Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Multimedia Signal Proc Grp CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983391

The Bjontegaard model is widely used to calculate the compression efficiency between different codecs. However, this model is not sufficient to investigate the impact on quality of the interaction of the base and enhancement layer bit rates when comparing two-layer coding systems. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an extension of the Bjontegaard model from rate-distortion (R-D) curve fitting to rate-rate-distortion (R-2-D) surface fitting. The proposed model uses a cubic surface as fitting function and a more complex characterization of the domain formed by the data points to compute a more realistic estimate of compression efficiency. The proposed model can be used to measure the compression efficiency of two-layer coding systems, as well as for other applications, e.g., to optimize the bit rate allocation between texture and depth in 3D video coding. two examples of assessment of compression efficiency in JPEG XT are presented as illustrations.

关键词： two-layer coding compression efficiency coding efficiency rate-distortion optimization bit rate allocation PSNR Bjontegaard delta BD-PSNR

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Dual Square-Shaped Constellation With two-layer coding and Successive Demapping for Odd-Bit QAM

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 182872-182882页

作者： Son, Sehee Park, Jiyeon Yu, Minhui Park, Hosung Chonnam Natl Univ Dept ICT Convergence Syst Engn Gwangju 61186 South Korea Samsung Elect Suwon 16677 Gyeonggi Do South Korea Chonnam Natl Univ Dept Intelligent Elect & Comp Engn Gwangju 61186 South Korea

Odd-bit quadrature amplitude modulations (QAMs) can achieve higher data rates than even-bit QAMs in some signal-to-noise (SNR) regions but they have not been used in wireless communication standards due to its high demapping complexity. In this paper, we propose a novel constellation for odd-bit QAM, called dual square-QAM (DSQAM). It consists of two regular even-bit square-QAMs spaced apart by a shift value in the diagonal direction. We also propose a two-layer coding which effectively exploits the structural property of the constellation and a successive demapping to use the decoding result of the first layer for the second layer. The proposed DSQAM is enhanced by the two-layer coding and successive demapping, which consists of multi-level coding and bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM). The asymptotic information rate (AIR) under the coding scheme is maximized for a given channel state by adjusting the shift value. The AIR analysis shows that the DSQAM with the two-layer coding and the successive demapping is the best among conventional QAMs with the BICM for a wide range of SNR values. Based on the structure of the constellation, we propose a low-complexity implementation of the max-log approximation to calculate the log-likelihood ratio for practical use. It is shown via simulations over the additive white Gaussian channel that the proposed DSQAMs with the coding scheme have significant block error rate gains over the conventional odd-bit non-square-QAM (NSQAM) and cross-QAM (XQAM) with bit-interleaved coded modulation. The computational complexity for demapping is reduced by up to 10% and 59% compared to NSQAM and XQAM, respectively.

关键词： Quadrature amplitude modulation Encoding Symbols Signal to noise ratio Error analysis Decoding Information rates Shape Receivers Channel coding Asymptotic information rate (AIR) analysis log-likelihood ratio (LLR) approximation modulation odd-bit quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) successive demapping two-layer coding

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RATE-DISTORTION EVALUATION FOR two-layer coding SYSTEMS

RATE-DISTORTION EVALUATION FOR TWO-LAYER CODING SYSTEMS

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Philippe Hanhart Touradj Ebrahimi Multimedia Signal Processing Group EPFL

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983407

The Bjontegaard model is widely used to calculate the compression efficiency between different codecs. However, this model is not sufficient to investigate the impact on quality of the interaction of the base and enhancement layer bit rates when comparing two-layer coding systems. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an extension of the Bjontegaard model from rate-distortion (R-D) curve fitting to rate-rate-distortion (R~2-D) surface fitting. The proposed model uses a cubic surface as fitting function and a more complex characterization of the domain formed by the data points to compute a more realistic estimate of compression efficiency. The proposed model can be used to measure the compression efficiency of two-layer coding systems, as well as for other applications, e.g., to optimize the bit rate allocation between texture and depth in 3D video coding. two examples of assessment of compression efficiency in JPEG XT are presented as illustrations.

关键词： two-layer coding Compression efficiency coding efficiency Rate-distortion optimization Bit rate allocation PSNR Bjontegaard delta BD-PSNR Peak signal-to-noise ratio COMPRESSION EFFICIENCY Rate distortion coding systems two-layer Bit rate ILLUSTRATIONS

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JPEG XT Image Compression with Hue Compensation for two-layer HDR coding 4

JPEG XT Image Compression with Hue Compensation for Two-Laye...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Asia (ICCE-Asia)

作者： Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Kiya, Hitoshi Tokyo Metropolitan Coll Ind Technol Tokyo Japan Tokyo Metropolitan Univ Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728133362

We propose a novel JPEG XT image compression with hue compensation for two-layer HDR coding. LDR images produced from JPEG XT bitstreams have some distortion in hue due to tone mapping operations. In order to suppress the color distortion, we apply a novel hue compensation method based on the maximally saturated colors. Moreover, the bitstreams generated by using the proposed method are fully compatible with the JPEG XT standard. In an experiment, the proposed method is demonstrated not only to produce images with small hue degradation but also to maintain well-mapped luminance, in terms of three kinds of criterion: TMQI, hue value in CIEDE2000, and the maximally saturated color on the constanthue plane.

关键词： Hue compensation JPEG XT two-layer coding Tone mapping Color correction Maximally saturated color

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two-layer image coding compatible with JPEG XS

Two-layer image coding compatible with JPEG XS

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International Workshop on Advanced Imaging Technology (IWAIT)

作者： Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Kiya, Hitoshi Tokyo Metropolitan Coll Ind Technol Shinagawa Ku Tokyo Japan Tokyo Metropolitan Univ Hino Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781510643659

ISBN: (纸本)9781510643659

A two-layer image coding method compatible with JPEG XS is proposed. JPEG XS is a new international standard for still image coding that has the characteristics of very low latency and very low complexity. However, the image quality is saturated at a certain quality level in general, although JPEG XS compression may be able to achieve visual lossless coding. The proposed method has a two-layer structure similar to JPEG XT, which consists of JPEG XS coding as the base layer and the extension layer. In an experiment, the proposed coding is demonstrated to outperform JPEG XT in terms of the coding efficiency, while maintaining compatibility with JPEG XS.

关键词： JPEG XS two-layer coding lossy coding

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JPEG XT Image Compression with Hue Compensation for two-layer HDR coding

JPEG XT Image Compression with Hue Compensation for Two-Laye...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Asia (ICCE-Asia)

作者： Hiroyuki Kobayashi Hitoshi Kiya Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology Tokyo Japan Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728133379

关键词： Hue compensation JPEG XT two-layer coding Tone mapping Color correction Maximally saturated color COLOR CORRECTION color tones JPEG Image compression Data compression GATA3 gene hot dry rocks distortion

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two-layer Learning-based P-Frame coding with Super-Resolution and Content-Adaptive Conditional ANF 4

Two-Layer Learning-based P-Frame Coding with Super-Resolutio...

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4th ACM International Conference on Multimedia in Asia (MMAsia)

作者： Alexandre, David Hang, Hsueh-Ming Peng, Wen-Hsiao Natl Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engr Hsinchu Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univ Dept Elect Engr Hsinchu Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univ Dept Comp Sci Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394789

Deep-learning-based video compression technique has been rapidly growing in recent years. This paper adopts the Conditional Augmented Normalizing Flow video codec (CANF-VC) [8] as our basic system. To improve the quality of the condition signal (image) for CANF, we propose a two-layer structure learning-based video codec. At low cost of extra bit rate, the low-resolution base layer provides side information to improve the quality of motion-compensated reference frame through a super-resolution module with a merge-net. In addition, the base layer also provides information to the skip-mask generator. The skip-mask guides the coding mechanism to reduce the transmitted samples for the high-resolution enhancement layer. The experiment results indicate that the proposed two-layer coding scheme can provide 22.19% PSNR BD-Rate saving and 49.59% MS-SSIM BD-Rate saving over H.265 (HM 16.20) on the UVG test sequences.

关键词： video compression deep video coding two-layer coding skip mode coding merge-net

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