Monocyte chemoattractant protein-l-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1) acts as an endonuclease that degrades selected mRNAs, viral RNAs and pre-miRNAs. MCPIP1 inhibits adipogenesis by degradation of C/EBP beta mRNA and adipoge...
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Monocyte chemoattractant protein-l-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1) acts as an endonuclease that degrades selected mRNAs, viral RNAs and pre-miRNAs. MCPIP1 inhibits adipogenesis by degradation of C/EBP beta mRNA and adipogenesis-related miRNA, however its role in the regulation of hepatic lipid homeostasis is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of MCPIP1 in the regulation of lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 2-20 weeks and next primary hepatocytes and adipose tissue were isolated. For in vitro experiments we used murine primary hepatocytes, control HepG2 cells and HepG2 with over-expressed or silenced MCPIP1. We found that Mcpip1 levels were lower in primary hepatocytes isolated from HFD-fed mice than in control cells starting at 4 weeks of a HFD. Level of Mcpip1 was also depleted in visceral fat isolated from obese and glucose-intolerant mice characterized by fatty liver disease. We showed that MCPIP1 overexpression in HepG2 cells treated with oleate induces the level and activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma). This phenotype was reverted upon silencing of MCPIP1 in HepG2 cells and in primary hepatocytes lacking MCPIP1 protein. MCPIP1 activated the PPAR gamma transcription factor via the thioredoxin-interacting protein (txnip)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1- alpha (PGC-1 alpha) pathway. MCPIP1 contributes to lipid metabolism in hepatocytes by regulating the txnip/PGC-1 alpha/PPAR gamma pathway.
目的探讨依达拉奉后处理对神经元糖氧剥夺损伤的保护作用及对活性氧(ROS)/硫氧还蛋内结合蛋白(txnip)/NOD样受体相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor associated protein 3,NLRP3)信号通路的影响。方法培养新生SD大鼠皮质神经元,经免疫荧光染...
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目的探讨依达拉奉后处理对神经元糖氧剥夺损伤的保护作用及对活性氧(ROS)/硫氧还蛋内结合蛋白(txnip)/NOD样受体相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor associated protein 3,NLRP3)信号通路的影响。方法培养新生SD大鼠皮质神经元,经免疫荧光染色鉴定后随机分为神经元组、依达拉奉组、糖氧剥夺组、糖氧剥夺+依达拉奉组4组。各组神经元在完成处理后以CCK-8试剂盒检测神经元活力;以细胞凋亡试剂盒检测神经元凋亡情况;以ELISA试剂盒检测神经元ROS产生情况;以蛋白免疫印迹法检测ROS/txnip/NLRP3信号通路相关蛋白的表达水平。结果神经元缺糖缺氧后细胞活力显著降低,依达拉奉处理后又显著上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);糖氧剥夺后,神经元凋亡水平、ROS含量、ROS/txnip/NLRP3通路相关IL-1β、txnip、IL-18、Caspase-1、ASC和NLRP3蛋白表达水平升高,依达拉奉处理后又显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论依达拉奉对神经元糖氧剥夺损伤具有保护作用,可能与其对R0S/TXN1P/NLKP3信号通路的抑制有关。
Standard therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is rarely curative, and several suggested improvements have had little success so far. We have reported that in an in vitro model of a potential therapeutic regimen fo...
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Standard therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is rarely curative, and several suggested improvements have had little success so far. We have reported that in an in vitro model of a potential therapeutic regimen for AML, the activity of cytarabine (AraC) is enhanced by a sequential treatment with a combination of the vitamin D2 analog Doxercalciferol (D2) and the plant-derived antioxidant camosic acid (CA). Importantly, the enhancement occurred selectively in patient-derived AML blasts, but not in the normal bone marrow cells. We now demonstrate that txnip, previously known as Vitamin D up-regulated protein 1 (VDUP1) [PMID 808674] plays a part in signaling cell death (CD) in this regimen. This is shown by the reduced CD when txnip protein levels are decreased by the CRISPR/CAS9 or RNAi technology. Further, we show that direct activation of ASK1 kinase by txnip is required for the optimal transmission of the CD signal to apoptotic machinery, regulated by JNK and BIM. These studies provide a rationale for a projected clinical trial of this vitamin D-based new therapeutic regimen for AML.
Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a gestational complication that affects maternal and child health. The placenta provides the fetus with the necessary nutrition and oxygen and takes away the metabol...
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Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a gestational complication that affects maternal and child health. The placenta provides the fetus with the necessary nutrition and oxygen and takes away the metabolic waste. Patients with GDM are diagnosed and treated merely on the basis of the blood glucose level;this approach does nothing to help evaluate the status of the placenta, which is worth noting in GDM. The purpose of this research was to clarify the relation between thioredoxin-interacting protein (txnip) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the placenta of patients with GDM, which has thus far remained unclear. Methods The expression of txnip in the placentas of 10 patients with GDM and 10 healthy puerperae (control group) was investigated via immunofluorescence. The relation among txnip, ROS, and the function of mitochondria was explored in HTR-8/SVneo cells stimulated by high glucose (HG). Results The results showed the expression of txnip in the placentas of patients with GDM was higher than that in the control group, and the expression of txnip in HTR-8/SVneo cells treated with HG was higher than that in the control group, causing the accumulation of ROS and changes of mitochondria, promoting apoptosis and inhibition of migration. Conclusions High expression of txnip caused by HG mediates the increasing ROS and the mitochondria dysfunction in GDM;this impairs the function of the placenta and is the basis for the prediction of perinatal outcome.
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