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A Low Complexity Algorithm for Direction of Arrival Estimation With Direction-Dependent Mutual Coupling

IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2020年第1期24卷 90-94页

作者： Ge, Qichao Zhang, Yongshun Wang, Yizhe Air Force Engn Univ Grad Coll Xian 710051 Peoples R China

In this letter, a novel low complexity algorithm with two variants is proposed for improving the efficiency of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation with direction-dependent mutual coupling. In uniform linear array, the special structure of mutual coupling matrix (MCM), which is a banded symmetric Toeplitz matrix, is exploited in the proposed method. A new transformation is constructed using the structural characteristics of the MCM, and two spectral functions are constructed via the orthogonality of the transformed matrix and the noise subspace. Finally, the two spectral functions are utilized to obtain the DOAs of sources by searching spectrum peaks. The proposed method avoids estimating multiple mutual coupling coefficients and iteratively solving convex optimization problem. The validity and superiority of the novel algorithm in conditions of direction-dependent mutual coupling is demonstrated in the simulations.

关键词： Mutual coupling direction of arrival estimation direction-dependent uniform linear array

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Fast root-MUSIC for arbitrary arrays

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2010年第2期46卷 174-175页

作者： Zhuang, J. Li, W. Manikas, A. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med Dept Elect & Elect Engn London SW7 2AZ England Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Commun & Informat Engn Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China

By using the manifold separation techniques, root-MUSIC designed for uniform linear arrays has been extended to arbitrary geometries at the cost of increased computational complexity. A fast algorithm is proposed that exploits the Laurent structure of the polynomial to conduct fast spectral factorisation via the Schur algorithm. Then Arnoldi iteration is employed to compute only a few of the largest eigenvalues. This implies that a large number of the unwanted eigenvalues (or roots) are exempt from the calculation and therefore the computational complexity is reduced significantly.

关键词： Arnoldi iteration Schur algorithm arbitrary array arbitrary geometry array signal processing computational complexity computational complexity eigenvalues eigenvalues and eigenfunctions fast root-MUSIC iterative methods manifold separation technique polynomial Laurent structure polynomials spectral factorisation uniform linear array

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A General Approach to the Design of the Fractional-Order Superdirective Beamformer

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 2023年第11期70卷 4291-4295页

作者： Wang, Jinfu Yang, Feiran Yang, Jun Chinese Acad Sci Inst Acoust Key Lab Noise & Vibrat Res Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Dept Elect Elect & Commun Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Acoust State Key Lab Acoust Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

The superdirective beamformer (SD) with a linear array exhibits the maximum directivity factor (DF) in the isotropic noise field. Previously, a fractional-order SD (FO-SD) has been designed to achieve a compromise between the robustness and the DF. However, this method may suffer from two limitations. First, it only considers the Jacobi-Anger expansion-based beampattern synthesis. Second, it cannot control the DF in spherically isotropic noise field. To address these problems, we propose a general approach to the design of the FO-SD, which is a linear combination of two SDs with the integer order that can be designed with any beampattern synthesis method. Moreover, the proposed approach is able to control the WNG and the DF in both spherically and cylindrically isotropic noise field. Computer simulations substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed FO-SD over the existing SDs.

关键词： Superdirective beamformer uniform linear array

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An Efficient Strategy for Accurate Detection and Localization of UAV Swarms

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IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL 2021年第20期8卷 15372-15381页

作者： Zheng, Jibin Chen, Rouxuan Yang, Tianyuan Liu, Xin Liu, Hongwei Su, Tao Wan, Liangtian Xidian Univ Natl Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian 710071 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Informat & Commun Engn Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Software Key Lab Ubiquitous Network & Serv Software Liaoni Dalian 116620 Peoples R China

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms have shown great potential for Internet of Things (IoT). Meantime, its malicious use may cause huge threat to the national security. UAV swarms show the characteristic of high density which poses formidable challenges to radar resolution in the defense of critical areas. In this article, we consider a radar equipped with the coprime array, and then, use the coherent long-time integration (LTI) technique and gridless sparse technique to detect and localize UAVs in a swarm. This strategy takes full account of advantages of the coprime array, coherent LTI technique, and gridless sparse technique, i.e.: 1) the coprime array can provide a larger array aperture than the uniform linear array with the same number of array elements to relieve the stress of the gridless sparse technique and 2) the combination of coherent LTI technique and gridless sparse technique can maximize their advantages and make up for their shortcomings. By mathematical analyses and extensive numerical examples, we show the superiority of the proposed strategy in terms of accurate detection and localization of UAV swarms.

关键词： Radar Signal resolution linear systems Signal to noise ratio Location awareness Unmanned aerial vehicles array signal processing Coprime array gridless sparse technique long-time integration (LTI) technique uniform linear array unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms

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Evaluating the effect of small number of snapshots and signal-to-noise-ratio on the efficiency of MUSIC estimations

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IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2017年第5期11卷 755-761页

作者： Ioannopoulos, Giorgos A. Anagnostou, Dimitris E. Chryssomallis, Michael T. Democritus Univ Thrace ECE Dept GR-67100 Xanthi Greece South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol ECE Dept Rapid City SD 57701 USA Heriot Watt Univ Inst Sensors Signals & Syst Edinburgh EH14 4AS Midlothian Scotland

In this study, the authors aim to discover the relation between the resolution of a uniform linear array (ULA) and the parameters involved in MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) calculations, such as the number of antenna elements, the number of snapshots and the signal-to-noise-ratio. In this study, the number of used snapshots is limited to very small values in order to reveal the behaviour of a fast system such as the case of high speed mobile targets. The study is made through numerous simulations of different scenarios that concern cases where a small number of snapshots are assumed, for a variety of noise environments. The results lead to equations that relate the broadside resolution of a ULA with these parameters. Verification of the resulting equations shows that the behaviour of the resolution can be prescribed with sufficient precision;therefore the proposed formulae can be a useful tool for array design.

关键词： signal classification signal resolution linear antenna arrays signal-to-noise-ratio MUSIC estimations snapshots uniform linear array ULA multiple signal classification calculations

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Coherent Wideband Signals Direction Finding Using Subspace-Based Methods

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CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2022年第3期42卷 1663-1684页

作者： Hamza, Abadlia Ammar, Mesloub Nabil, El Korso Mohammed Ibrahim, Kakouche Abdelmadjid, Maali Ecole Mil Polytech BP 17 Bordj El Bahri 16111 Alger Algeria Paris Nanterre Univ Lab Energet Mech & Electromagnetism F-92410 Paris France

In this paper, we aim to develop a new subspace-based method for Direction Of Arrival estimation (direction-finding) using coherent wide band (WB) or ultra-wide band (UWB) signals. Subspace-based methods are well-established in the incoherent narrow band signals context;nevertheless, only a few of them are adapted to the case of WB or UWB coherent signals. Specifically, the proposed method is applied in the spectral domain using a zoomed digital Fourier transform achieved by chirped Z transform instead of the classical fast Fourier transform and does not need a decorrelation process. Then, it is implemented in a real-life application using single-input multiple-output UWB radar. The obtained results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with the existing methods in both simulated and real-life data.

关键词： Coherent direction of arrival uniform linear array DOA estimation based on wideband signals Single-input multiple-output UWB radar Impulse radio-ultra wideband signals

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Spatially Sparse Emitters Localization With QVBEM Algorithm

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RADIO SCIENCE 2020年第3期55卷 e2019RS007009-e2019RS007009页

作者： Ramezani, Esmaeil Sabahi, Mohamad Farzan Saberali, Seyyed Mohammad Univ Isfahan Dept Elect Engn Esfahan Iran

In this paper, we study the estimation of the spatially sparse radio emitter locations from space, via the proposed Quad-tree variational Bayesian expectation maximization (QVBEM) algorithm. First, we assume that the emitters are approximately placed on a uniform grid points in the region under surveillance. The VBEM algorithm is applied and the points exceeding the threshold level are considered as potential targets. Then, the grids are refined around the potential targets via the Quad-tree algorithm, and the process is iterated. It allows us to find the location of sparse emitters with much less computational complexity due to the use of fewer grid points. Simulation results show the superiority of the QVBEM to existing methods. The impact of threshold value on the performance of QVBEM is also studied.

关键词： emitter localization direction of arrival estimation uniform linear array compressed sensing

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On Secure mmWave RSMA Systems

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IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL 2024年第10期11卷 18917-18929页

作者： Lei, Hongjiang Zhou, Sha Chen, Xinhu Ansari, Imran Shafique Li, Yun Pan, Gaofeng Alouini, Mohamed-Slim Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Commun & Informat Engn Chongqing 400065 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Chongqing Key Lab Mobile Commun Technol Chongqing 400065 Peoples R China Univ Glasgow James Watt Sch Engn Glasgow G12 8QQ Scotland Beijing Inst Technol Sch Cyberspace Sci & Technol Beijing 100081 Peoples R China King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol CEMSE Div Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is one of the effective technologies for the next generation of wireless communications due to the enormous amount of available spectrum resources. Rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) is a powerful multiple access, interference management, and multiuser strategy for designing future wireless networks. In this work, a multiple-input-single-output mmWave RSMA system is considered wherein a base station serves two users in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. Different eavesdropping scenarios are considered corresponding to the overlapped resolvable paths between the main and the wiretap channels under the considered transmission schemes. The analytical expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived, respectively, through the Gaussian-Chebyshev quadrature method. Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to validate the correctness of the derived analytical expressions and demonstrate the effects of system parameters on the SOP of the considered mmWave RSMA systems.

关键词： Millimeter wave communication Transmitters Streams NOMA array signal processing Indexes Eavesdropping Millimeter-wave (mmWave) rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) secrecy outage probability (SOP) uniform linear array

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Aliasing-Free Wideband Beamforming Using Sparse Signal Representation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 2011年第7期59卷 3464-3469页

作者： Tang, Zijian Blacquiere, Gerrit Leus, Geert TNO Def Secur & Safety NL-2509 JG The Hague Netherlands Delft Univ Technol Fac EEMCS NL-2628 CD Delft Netherlands Delft Univ Technol Fac Civil Engn & Geosci NL-2628 CN Delft Netherlands

Sparse signal representation (SSR) is considered to be an appealing alternative to classical beamforming for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. For wideband signals, the SSR-based approach constructs steering matrices, referred to as dictionaries in this paper, corresponding to different frequency components of the target signal. However, the SSR-based approach is subject to ambiguity resulting from not only spatial aliasing, just like in classical beamforming, but also from the over-completeness of the dictionary, which is typical to SSR. We show that the ambiguity caused by the over-completeness of the dictionary can be alleviated by using multiple measurement vectors. In addition, by considering the uniform linear array (ULA) structure, we argue that if the target signal contains at least two frequencies, whose absolute difference phrased in wavelengths is larger than twice the array spacing, the spatial aliasing corresponding to these frequencies will be completely distinct. These properties enable us to adapt the existing algorithms to extract the target DOAs without ambiguity.

关键词： Direction-of-arrival estimation multiple-dictionary orthogonal matching pursuit sparse signal representation spatial aliasing uniform linear array wideband beamforming

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Robust forward backward based beamformer for a general-rank signal model with real-valued implementation

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2012年第1期92卷 163-169页

作者： Zhang, Lei Liu, Wei Univ Sheffield Dept Elect & Elect Engn Commun Res Grp Sheffield S1 3JD S Yorkshire England

A robust forward backward (FB) beamformer for an incoherently scattered general-rank signal model with real-valued implementation is proposed based on the uniform linear array (ULA) structure by introducing a preprocessing transformation matrix. With the preprocessing, the computational complexity is reduced significantly due to a real-valued close-form solution for the optimum weight vector;furthermore, the proposed algorithm can achieve a higher output SINR (signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio) and has lower sensitivity to the diagonal-loading parameters especially for low input SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) scenarios. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forward backward General-rank Robust uniform linear array Real-valued

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