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Blind DOA and polarization estimation for polarization-sensitive array using dimension reduction MUSIC

MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2014年第1期25卷 67-82页

作者： Zhang, Xiaofei Chen, Chen Li, Jianfeng Xu, Dazhuan Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Dept Elect Engn Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

A novel blind direction-of-arrival (DOA) and polarization estimation algorithm for polarization-sensitive uniform linear array using dimension reduction multiple signal classification (MUSIC) is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm utilizes the signal subspace to obtain an initial estimation of DOA, then estimates more accurate DOA through a one-dimensional (1-D) local searching according to the initial estimation of DOA, and finally obtains polarization parameter estimation via the estimated polarization steering vectors. The proposed algorithm, which only requires a one-dimension local searching, can avoid the high computational cost within multi-dimensional MUSIC algorithm. The simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm has better DOA and polarization estimation performance than both estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique algorithm and trilinear decomposition algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can be suitable for irregular array geometry, obtain automatically paired multi-dimensional parameter estimation, and avoid multi-dimensional searching. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Polarization sensitive array uniform linear array Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation Polarization estimation Multiple signal classification (MUSIC)

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A unified neural-network-based speaker localization technique

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS 2000年第4期11卷 997-1002页

作者： Arslan, G Sakarya, EA Univ Texas Dept Elect & Comp Engn Austin TX 78712 USA Bell Labs Innovat Lucent Technol Holmdel NJ 07733 USA

Locating and tracking a speaker in real time using microphone arrays is important in many applications such as hands-free video conferencing, speech processing in large rooms, and acoustic echo cancellation, A speaker can be moving from the far field to the near field of the array, or vice versa, Many neural-network-based localization techniques exist, but they are applicable to either far-field or near-held sources, and are computationally intensive for real-time speaker localization applications because of the wide-band nature of the speech. We propose a unified neural-network-based source localization technique, which is simultaneously applicable to wide-band and narrow-band signal sources that are in the far field or near field of a microphone array, The technique exploits a multilayer perceptron feedforward neural network structure and forms the feature vectors by computing the normalized instantaneous cross-power spectrum samples between adjacent pairs of sensors, Simulation results indicate that our technique is able to locate a source with an absolute error of less than 3.5 degrees at a signal-to-noise ratio of 20 db and a sampling rate of 8000 Hz at each sensor.

关键词： multilayer perceptron neural network speaker localization uniform linear array

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Sinusoidal frequency estimation by multiple signal classification in frequency domain beam-space

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IET SIGNAL PROCESSING 2015年第4期9卷 357-368页

作者： Guo, Wei Shen, Guanghao Xie, Kangning Wu, Xiaoming Tang, Chi Liu, Juan Jia, Min Jing, Da Lei, Tao Luo, Erping Fourth Mil Med Univ Dept Mil Med Equipment & Metrol Sch Biomed Engn Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China Fourth Mil Med Univ Dept Physiol Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China

A novel method is presented to estimate sinusoidal frequency from highly contaminated single channel signals by constructing multi-channel surrogates using multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method in frequency domain beam-space (FB-MUSIC). According to the comparability of sampled data in time domain and observed data in uniform linear array, the FB-MUSIC method is proposed and the explicit expressions for the covariance elements of the estimation errors associated with FB-MUSIC are derived. These expressions are then used to analyse the statistical performance of FB-MUSIC and MUSIC. These expressions for the estimation error covariance are also used to compare the theoretical results and simulation results. Monte-Carlo simulations show that the root-mean-square error of frequency estimation in simulations keep consistent with the theoretical covariance for FB-MUSIC and MUSIC, and the signal-to-noise ratio resolution threshold of FB-MUSIC with reduced dimensionality is lower than that of MUSIC. This method may provide a higher resolution of sinusoidal frequency estimation and lower computation cost as compared with the conventional MUSIC method.

关键词： signal classification frequency-domain analysis frequency estimation Monte Carlo methods mean square error methods covariance analysis sinusoidal frequency estimation multiple-signal classification method frequency domain beam-space highly-contaminated single-channel signals multichannel surrogates time domain uniform linear array FB-MUSIC method covariance elements statistical performance estimation error covariance Monte-Carlo simulation root-mean-square error theoretical covariance signal-to-noise ratio resolution threshold computation cost conventional MUSIC method

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Central DOA Estimation of Incoherently Distributed Noncircular Sources with Cross-Correlation Matrix

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CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2015年第11期34卷 3697-3707页

作者： Yang, Xuemin Li, Guangjun Ko, Chi Chung Zheng, Zhi Yeo, Tat Soon Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Commun & Informat Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Natl Univ Singapore Dept Elect & Comp Engn Singapore 117576 Singapore

In this communication, a new method is proposed to estimate the central direction-of-arrival (DOA) of multiple incoherently distributed noncircular sources from using the received data in two closely spaced uniform linear arrays. Both the received data vector and its conjugate are utilized to estimate the extended cross-correlation (CC) matrix. Singular value decomposition is then applied on the extended CC matrix to obtain the left and right singular vectors. Subsequently, the central DOA is estimated by using the left and right singular vectors associated with the largest singular values. The effectiveness and performance of the technique are accessed through numerical results.

关键词： Incoherently distributed source Noncircular signal Central DOA estimation uniform linear array Singular value decomposition

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An angle difference of directions arrival algorithm with channel inconsistency

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS 2013年第3期100卷 312-318页

作者： Shen, Xiaofeng Fan, Rong Wan, Qun Yang, Wanlin Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Dept Elect Engn Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China

This article proposes a new angle difference of directions arrival (ADOA) estimation algorithm. It can estimate the values of ADOA of incidence signals even under channel incoherence environments. It performs an eigenvalue decomposition of a covariance matrix to obtain signal and noise subspace eigenvectors, then estimates the values of ADOA of signals based on the orthogonality between the noise subspace eigenvectors and steering vectors. Its main advantage is that the performance is not degenerated by array elements channel incoherence. In addition, the system complexity is also reduced. Finally, the numerical simulations have been conducted to verify the performance improvement of this algorithm.

关键词： direction of arrival angle-difference-of-arrival CramerRao lower bound uniform linear array

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Improved Source Number Detection and Direction Estimation With Nested arrays and ULAs Using Jackknifing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 2013年第23期61卷 6118-6128页

作者： Han, Keyong Nehorai, Arye Washington Univ Preston M Green Dept Elect & Syst Engn St Louis MO 63130 USA

We consider the problem of source number detection and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, based on uniform linear arrays (ULAs) and the newly proposed nested arrays. A ULA with sensors can detect at most N - 1 sources, whereas a nested array provides O(N-2) degrees of freedom with O(N) sensors, enabling us to detect K sources with N < K sensors. In order to make full use of the available limited valuable data, we propose a novel strategy, which is inspired by the jackknifing resampling method. Exploiting numerous iterations of subsets of the whole data set, this strategy greatly improves the results of the existing source number detection and DOA estimation methods. With the assumption that the subsets of the data set contain enough information, we theoretically prove that the improvement of detection or estimation performance, compared with the original performance without jackknifing, is guaranteed when the detection or estimation accuracy is greater than or equal to 50%. Numerical simulations demonstrate the superiority of our strategy when applied to source number detection and DOA estimation, both for ULAs and nested arrays.

关键词： Direction of arrival estimation jackknifing nested array source number detection uniform linear array

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Defining Spatial Secrecy Outage Probability for Exposure Region-Based Beamforming

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第2期16卷 900-912页

作者： Zhang, Yuanrui Ko, Youngwook Woods, Roger Marshall, Alan Queens Univ Belfast Sch Elect Elect Engn & Comp Sci Belfast BT7 1NN Antrim North Ireland Univ Liverpool Elect Engn & Elect Liverpool L69 3BX Merseyside England

With the increasing number of antennae in base stations, there is considerable interest in using beamforming to improve physical layer security, by creating an "exposure region" that enhances the received signal quality for a legitimate user and reduces the possibility of leaking information to a randomly located passive eavesdropper. This paper formalizes this concept by proposing a novel definition for the security level of such a legitimate transmission, called the spatial secrecy outage probability (SSOP). By performing a theoretical and numerical analysis, it is shown how the antenna array parameters can affect the SSOP and its analytic upper bound. While this approach may be applied to any array type and any fading channel model, it is shown here how the security performance of a uniform linear array varies in a Rician fading channel by examining the analytic SSOP upper bound.

关键词： Physical layer security beamforming exposure region spatial secrecy outage probability uniform linear array

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Subspace-Based Localization of Far-Field and Near-Field Signals Without Eigendecomposition

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 2018年第17期66卷 4461-4476页

作者： Zuo, Weiliang Xin, Jingmin Zheng, Nanning Sano, Akira Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Natl Engn Lab Visual Informat Proc & Applicat Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Inst Artificial Intelligence & Robot Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China Keio Univ Dept Syst Design Engn Yokohama Kanagawa 2238522 Japan

We propose a new subspace-based localization of far-field (FF) and near-field (NF) narrowband signals (LOFNS) without eigendecomposition impinging on a symmetrical uniform linear array, where the oblique projection operator is utilized to isolate the NF signals from the FF ones, and the procedures of computationally burdensome eigendecomposition are not required in the estimation of the NF and FF location parameters and the computation of oblique projection operator. As a measure against the impact of finite array data, an alternating iterative scheme is presented to improve the estimation accuracy of the oblique projection operator and, hence, that of the NF location parameters, where the "saturation behavior" encountered in most of localization methods is overcome. Furthermore, the statistical analysis of the proposed LOFNS is studied, and the asymptotic mean-squared-error expressions of the estimation errors are derived for the FF and NF location parameters. Finally, the effectiveness and the theoretical analysis of the proposed LOFNS are substantiated through numerical examples, and the simulation results demonstrate that the LOFNS provides remarkable and satisfactory estimation performance for both the NF and FF signals compared with some existing localization methods even with eigendecomposition.

关键词： Direction-of-arrival far-field near-field oblique projection source localization uniform linear array

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Spatial smoothing for direction of arrival estimation of coherent signals in the presence of unknown mutual coupling

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IET SIGNAL PROCESSING 2011年第4期5卷 418-425页

作者： Dai, J. Ye, Z. Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Elect Engn & Informat Sci Hefei 230027 Anhui Peoples R China

There is rarely a method that can deal with the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of coherent signals in the presence of unknown mutual coupling. Based on the special structure of mutual coupling matrix for uniform linear array (ULA), an improved spatial smoothing algorithm for DOA estimation of coherent signals is proposed. The DOAs can be accurately estimated without any calibration sources since the effects of mutual coupling can be eliminated by the inherent mechanism of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.

关键词： uniform linear array array signal processing spatial smoothing algorithm DOA estimation coherent signals matrix algebra Algebra direction-of-arrival estimation Signal processing theory direction of arrival estimation Signal processing and detection smoothing methods

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Digital signal processor against field programmable gate array implementations of space-code correlator beamformer for smart antennas

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IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2010年第5期4卷 593-599页

作者： Dikmese, S. Kavak, A. Kucuk, K. Sahin, S. Tangel, A. Dincer, H. Tampere Univ Technol Dept Commun Engn FIN-33101 Tampere Finland Kocaeli Univ Wireless Commun & Informat Syst Res Ctr Dept Comp Engn Kocaeli Turkey Kocaeli Univ Dept Elect & Comp Educ Kocaeli Turkey Kocaeli Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Kocaeli Turkey

Software radio implementations of beamformers on programmable processors such as digital signal processor (DSP) and field programmable gate array (FPGA) still remain as a challenge for the integration of smart antennas into existing wireless base stations for 3G systems. This study presents the comparison of DSP- and FPGA-based implementations of space-code correlator (SCC) beamformer, which is practical to use in CDMA2000 systems. Implementation methodology is demonstrated and results regarding beamforming accuracy, weight vector computation time and resource utilisation are presented. The SCC algorithm is implemented on Texas Instruments TMS320C6713 floating-point digital signal processors (DSP) and Xilinx's VirtexIV family FPGA. In signal modelling, CDMA2000 reverse link format is employed. The results show that beamformer weights can be obtained within less than 10 ms via implementation on c6713 DSP with direction-of-arrival search resolution of Δθ = 2 degrees, whereas it can be achieved within less than 25 μs on VirtexIV FPGA for five-element uniform linear array.

关键词： smart antennas weight vector computation time Logic circuits space-code correlator beamformer Signal processing and detection uniform linear array direction-of-arrival search Mobile radio systems wireless base stations adaptive antenna arrays Microprocessors and microcomputers field programmable gate arrays 3G mobile communication digital signal processor Antenna arrays array signal processing digital signal processing chips beamforming accuracy CDMA2000 reverse link format 3G systems direction-of-arrival estimation linear antenna arrays Semiconductor integrated circuits software radio

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